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CHAPTER 6 THE CELESTIAL SPHERE
CHAPTER 6 THE CELESTIAL SPHERE

... or how it is defined, but we shall later learn that it is not quite fixed on the equator, but it moves slightly in a manner that I shall have to describe in due course. Thus the entire system of equatorial coordinates, and the right ascensions and declinations of the stars, depends on where this mys ...
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... The profile of a spectral line formed at the stellar surface carries the imprint of several physical effects. Here we consider (1) magnetic (Zeeman or Paschen-Back) splitting by the star’s magnetic field, (2) longitudinal and transverse Doppler shifts, (3) special relativistic beaming, (4) gravitati ...
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... basis of the information on the temperature, density, and convective velocities provided by the stellar structure model (see Paper I and references therein for details). The equations that describe the changes in the abundances are solved using an implicit method so that a large matrix of n2 is solv ...
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... forgotten material and can result in unusual accuracy. She made 2 erasures showing her conscious mind took control part of the time. "Betty described the map as 3-dimensional -- like looking through a window. The stars were tinted and glowed. The map material was flat and thin (not a model). And the ...
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... about the process of how stars and planetary systems are formed from collapsing clouds of gas and dust. Astronomers have directly observed protoplanetary disks, brown dwarfs, intense and turbulent motions of the gas, and the photo-ionizing effects of massive nearby stars in the nebula. The Horsehead ...
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... civilizations. Some of these assessments are based on the Drake equation. Unfortunately, they are only educated guesses, not because the equation per se is incorrect, but rather because nearly all of its factors are essentially undetermined due to the lack of observational tests. Thus, the basic que ...
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... independent of each other and you can use just the ones appropriate for your purposes. It is also worth noting that astronomical photometry is a diverse subject. There are many different ways of making and reducing photometric observations. Observations can be made for very different types of progra ...
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... that Case B is the more frequent class of interacting binaries. Compared to Case B, it is trivial to understand that Case A components have smaller final masses whereas it is obvious that Case C (and non-interacting) binaries are similar to single stars. Equation 1 decides upon the mass loss during ...
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...  It is bright at infrared and radio wavelengths, and hard (shortwavelength) X rays, which are transmitted through the dust.  The name Sagittarius A indicates that it’s the brightest radio source in the constellation Sagittarius (abbreviated Sgr). In fact, it was also the first extraterrestrial obj ...
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Hipparcos



Hipparcos was a scientific satellite of the European Space Agency (ESA), launched in 1989 and operated until 1993. It was the first space experiment devoted to precision astrometry, the accurate measurement of the positions of celestial objects on the sky. This permitted the accurate determination of proper motions and parallaxes of stars, allowing a determination of their distance and tangential velocity. When combined with radial-velocity measurements from spectroscopy, this pinpointed all six quantities needed to determine the motion of stars. The resulting Hipparcos Catalogue, a high-precision catalogue of more than 118,200 stars, was published in 1997. The lower-precision Tycho Catalogue of more than a million stars was published at the same time, while the enhanced Tycho-2 Catalogue of 2.5 million stars was published in 2000. Hipparcos‍ '​ follow-up mission, Gaia, was launched in 2013.The word ""Hipparcos"" is an acronym for High precision parallax collecting satellite and also a reference to the ancient Greek astronomer Hipparchus of Nicaea, who is noted for applications of trigonometry to astronomy and his discovery of the precession of the equinoxes.
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