Letter to the Editor The formation of bipolar planetary nebulae
... and one might expect that this will have an effect on the formation of the nebula. A typical post-AGB track in the HR-diagram consists of two parts (Paczyński 1971). Initially the star contracts, evolving to higher effective temperatures at a constant luminosity; then as the energy production stops ...
... and one might expect that this will have an effect on the formation of the nebula. A typical post-AGB track in the HR-diagram consists of two parts (Paczyński 1971). Initially the star contracts, evolving to higher effective temperatures at a constant luminosity; then as the energy production stops ...
mass loss of massive stars - of /proceedings
... variable patterns, both photometrically and spectroscopically. There are two main groups of LBVs. The first one is made of stars showing photometric modulation of the order 1 to 2 magnitudes at most. In the HR diagram, these stars are seen to evolve horizontally on short timescales. The rapid change ...
... variable patterns, both photometrically and spectroscopically. There are two main groups of LBVs. The first one is made of stars showing photometric modulation of the order 1 to 2 magnitudes at most. In the HR diagram, these stars are seen to evolve horizontally on short timescales. The rapid change ...
Document
... • Stars in the disk all orbit the galactic center in about the same plane and in the same direction. Halo stars also orbit the center of the galaxy, but with orbits randomly inclined to the disk of the galaxy. • How long does it take the Sun to orbit the galactic center? • Each orbit takes about 230 ...
... • Stars in the disk all orbit the galactic center in about the same plane and in the same direction. Halo stars also orbit the center of the galaxy, but with orbits randomly inclined to the disk of the galaxy. • How long does it take the Sun to orbit the galactic center? • Each orbit takes about 230 ...
Review 3 (11-18-10)
... • Black Holes: M more than 3 solar masses. Nothing stops the collapse and produces an object so compact that escape velocity is higher than speed of light; hence, not even light can escape. •NOTE: these are the masses of the dead stars NOT the masses they had when they were on the main sequence ...
... • Black Holes: M more than 3 solar masses. Nothing stops the collapse and produces an object so compact that escape velocity is higher than speed of light; hence, not even light can escape. •NOTE: these are the masses of the dead stars NOT the masses they had when they were on the main sequence ...
Small star patterns for telescopes and binoculars Demelza Ramakers
... Asterisms are star patterns. The constellation Cassiopeia is probably the well-known asterism in the night sky. Cassiopeia has an obvious “W” shape. Not all asterisms are as large as Cassiopeia, there are also lots of small patterns that are only visible through binoculars ore telescopes. Unfortunat ...
... Asterisms are star patterns. The constellation Cassiopeia is probably the well-known asterism in the night sky. Cassiopeia has an obvious “W” shape. Not all asterisms are as large as Cassiopeia, there are also lots of small patterns that are only visible through binoculars ore telescopes. Unfortunat ...
HR Diagram
... Uncheck show luminosity classes and check show instability strip. Note that this region of the HR Diagram indicates where pulsating stars are found such as RR Lyrae stars and Cepheid variable stars. These stars vary in brightness because they are pulsating – alternately growing bigger and smaller – ...
... Uncheck show luminosity classes and check show instability strip. Note that this region of the HR Diagram indicates where pulsating stars are found such as RR Lyrae stars and Cepheid variable stars. These stars vary in brightness because they are pulsating – alternately growing bigger and smaller – ...
Our Place in Space
... In this activity, students can organize the objects cards by their distance from Earth starting with the closest object to us and continuing to the furthest. You will probably want to omit the Solar Neighborhood card because the card depicts stars in very different parts of our galaxy. ...
... In this activity, students can organize the objects cards by their distance from Earth starting with the closest object to us and continuing to the furthest. You will probably want to omit the Solar Neighborhood card because the card depicts stars in very different parts of our galaxy. ...
Pre-Lab
... The word “galaxy,” having been used in English since the fourteenth century, is as old as this language. Galaxy was derived from the French, Greek, and Latin words for milk. To pre-industrial people, lacking bright lights, the Milky Way, a band of diffuse light stretching across the dark sky, would ...
... The word “galaxy,” having been used in English since the fourteenth century, is as old as this language. Galaxy was derived from the French, Greek, and Latin words for milk. To pre-industrial people, lacking bright lights, the Milky Way, a band of diffuse light stretching across the dark sky, would ...
Foundations of Harappan Astronomy:
... constellation patterns. However, Lunar Mansions do not appear in West Asia and this idea has been borrowed from the Subcontinent and incorporated much later which itself argues about it being an external and most probably a Harappan Influence ( see e.g. Vahia, 2008). Harappans would also have marked ...
... constellation patterns. However, Lunar Mansions do not appear in West Asia and this idea has been borrowed from the Subcontinent and incorporated much later which itself argues about it being an external and most probably a Harappan Influence ( see e.g. Vahia, 2008). Harappans would also have marked ...
Deep Sky Catalogues, the New Uranometria and Other Stories
... There are three criteria for a good deep sky database (see also [1]). Correct image of the sky. The data should be free of errors and present a complete image of the real sky, within the chosen definitions (see next criterion). Clearly defined object classes and selection criteria. The „optical“ obj ...
... There are three criteria for a good deep sky database (see also [1]). Correct image of the sky. The data should be free of errors and present a complete image of the real sky, within the chosen definitions (see next criterion). Clearly defined object classes and selection criteria. The „optical“ obj ...
THE INNER CORE OF A NEUTRON STAR Part 1
... into the protons in the iron-nickel nuclei. This cancels out their charges and leaves neutrons, releasing neutrinos in the process [11]. Current models indicate that matter at the surface of a neutron star is composed of ordinary atomic nuclei crushed into a solid lattice with a sea of electrons flo ...
... into the protons in the iron-nickel nuclei. This cancels out their charges and leaves neutrons, releasing neutrinos in the process [11]. Current models indicate that matter at the surface of a neutron star is composed of ordinary atomic nuclei crushed into a solid lattice with a sea of electrons flo ...
chapter17StarStuff
... • Stars of higher mass have higher core temperature and more rapid fusion, making those stars both more luminous and shorter-lived • Stars of lower mass have cooler cores and slower fusion rates, giving them smaller luminosities and ...
... • Stars of higher mass have higher core temperature and more rapid fusion, making those stars both more luminous and shorter-lived • Stars of lower mass have cooler cores and slower fusion rates, giving them smaller luminosities and ...
Bluffer`s Guide to Sirius
... Sun. Its surface temperature is about 9600°C (in comparison our Sun’s surface temperature is about 5500°C). Bizarrely, some historical accounts report Sirius as being red, and it is extremely hard to explain how this could have been. Any recent stellar transformation this complete and would have bee ...
... Sun. Its surface temperature is about 9600°C (in comparison our Sun’s surface temperature is about 5500°C). Bizarrely, some historical accounts report Sirius as being red, and it is extremely hard to explain how this could have been. Any recent stellar transformation this complete and would have bee ...
Preparing astronomical observations and observing with OHP facilities
... crowded with stars and nebulae to offer a good transparency towards extragalactic world. Galaxies are in general very faint and have a very low surface brightness, and thus a very low contrast in imaging: a dark sky, with no moon, is necessary to observe them. Astronomical objects in our galaxy (the ...
... crowded with stars and nebulae to offer a good transparency towards extragalactic world. Galaxies are in general very faint and have a very low surface brightness, and thus a very low contrast in imaging: a dark sky, with no moon, is necessary to observe them. Astronomical objects in our galaxy (the ...
AST1100 Lecture Notes
... When the hydrogen in the core has been exhausted, the forces of pressure are not any longer strong enough to sustain the forces of gravity. The hydrostatic equilibrium is lost and the core starts contracting. During the core contraction, the temperature in and around the core increases. The tempera ...
... When the hydrogen in the core has been exhausted, the forces of pressure are not any longer strong enough to sustain the forces of gravity. The hydrostatic equilibrium is lost and the core starts contracting. During the core contraction, the temperature in and around the core increases. The tempera ...
A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star
... GJ 1132b’s average density resembles that of the Earth, and is well matched by a rock/iron bulk composition. A theoretical mass-radius curve21 for a two-layer planet composed of 75% magnesium silicate and 25% iron (by mass) is consistent with our estimates for GJ 1132b (Fig. 3). This model assumes t ...
... GJ 1132b’s average density resembles that of the Earth, and is well matched by a rock/iron bulk composition. A theoretical mass-radius curve21 for a two-layer planet composed of 75% magnesium silicate and 25% iron (by mass) is consistent with our estimates for GJ 1132b (Fig. 3). This model assumes t ...
Image Analysis of Planetary Nebula NGC 6543 South Carolina State University
... tipped at various angles creating a display with two-sided symmetry. Beside the discovery of a glowing bubble of hot gas, scientists noticed an unexpected X-ray bright central star, which is an O-type star, within the structure of the planetary nebula. NGC 6543 is 8th magnitude and located almost ex ...
... tipped at various angles creating a display with two-sided symmetry. Beside the discovery of a glowing bubble of hot gas, scientists noticed an unexpected X-ray bright central star, which is an O-type star, within the structure of the planetary nebula. NGC 6543 is 8th magnitude and located almost ex ...
... 3. THE RR LYRAE STARS IN M15 In Clement’s (2002) data base of variables stars, a total of 158 variable stars are known, from which approximately 104 are RR Lyrae type stars. In this work, 33 known RR Lyrae stars, identified in Figs. 1 and 2 and listed in Table 4, have been studied. For all the stars ...
The colours of the Universe, the amateur astronomical spectroscopy.
... bright giants. On the graph of this there star are presented some absorption lines of chemical elements such as: Balmer's hydrogen spectral series, helium, nitrogen and carbon, which prove their presence in the Mintaka's chromospheres. In the stars of high temperature, spectral type O, there are ion ...
... bright giants. On the graph of this there star are presented some absorption lines of chemical elements such as: Balmer's hydrogen spectral series, helium, nitrogen and carbon, which prove their presence in the Mintaka's chromospheres. In the stars of high temperature, spectral type O, there are ion ...
A-level Physics A Mark scheme Unit 05 - Section 2A
... relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the studen ...
... relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the studen ...
AQA Minutes Template
... relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the studen ...
... relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the studen ...
Document
... • The gravitational formation of large scale structure is dominated by dark matter • Ordinary matter forms the stars, galaxies, and intergalactic gas. It is what we see. • As the universe expands and the matter density drops, dark energy is increasingly taking over and causing the expansion to accel ...
... • The gravitational formation of large scale structure is dominated by dark matter • Ordinary matter forms the stars, galaxies, and intergalactic gas. It is what we see. • As the universe expands and the matter density drops, dark energy is increasingly taking over and causing the expansion to accel ...
Galaxies - cloudfront.net
... billions of stars. Galaxies are divided into three types according to shape: spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies. • Spiral galaxies spin and appear as a rotating disk of stars and dust, with a bulge in the middle. Several spiral arms reach outward from the central bulge like the arms of a pin ...
... billions of stars. Galaxies are divided into three types according to shape: spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies. • Spiral galaxies spin and appear as a rotating disk of stars and dust, with a bulge in the middle. Several spiral arms reach outward from the central bulge like the arms of a pin ...
Perseus (constellation)
Perseus, named after the Greek mythological hero Perseus, is a constellation in the northern sky. It was one of 48 listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy and among the 88 modern constellations defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). It is located in the northern celestial hemisphere near several other constellations named after legends surrounding Perseus, including Andromeda to the west and Cassiopeia to the north. Perseus is also bordered by Aries and Taurus to the south, Auriga to the east, Camelopardalis to the north, and Triangulum to the west.The galactic plane of the Milky Way passes through Perseus but is mostly obscured by molecular clouds. The constellation's brightest star is the yellow-white supergiant Alpha Persei (also called Mirfak), which shines at magnitude 1.79. It and many of the surrounding stars are members of an open cluster known as the Alpha Persei Cluster. The best-known star, however, is Algol (Beta Persei), linked with ominous legends because of its variability, which is noticeable to the naked eye. Rather than being an intrinsically variable star, it is an eclipsing binary. Other notable star systems in Perseus include X Persei, a binary system containing a neutron star, and GK Persei, a nova that peaked at magnitude 0.2 in 1901. The Double Cluster, comprising two open clusters quite near each other in the sky, was known to the ancient Chinese. The constellation gives its name to the Perseus Cluster (Abell 426), a massive galaxy cluster located 250 million light-years from Earth. It hosts the radiant of the annual Perseids meteor shower—one of the most prominent meteor showers in the sky.