B. protostar - University of Maryland Astronomy
... A. that the Universe is beginning to contract. B. that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating. C. that the Universe’s expansion has stopped. D. that time is slowing down. E. that time is speeding up. ...
... A. that the Universe is beginning to contract. B. that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating. C. that the Universe’s expansion has stopped. D. that time is slowing down. E. that time is speeding up. ...
Document
... He calculated the distance based on the variable stars. In 1923, Hubble found dozens of these variable stars in Andromeda, and determined their distance. Andromeda contains a spiral-shaped galaxy that, at a distance of 2.2 million light-years, is the farthest object visible to the naked eye. He ca ...
... He calculated the distance based on the variable stars. In 1923, Hubble found dozens of these variable stars in Andromeda, and determined their distance. Andromeda contains a spiral-shaped galaxy that, at a distance of 2.2 million light-years, is the farthest object visible to the naked eye. He ca ...
Universe 19
... Astronomers often use the magnitude scale to denote brightness. • Historically, the apparent magnitude scale runs from 1 (brightest) to 6 (dimmest). • Today, the apparent magnitude scale extends into the negative numbers for really bright objects and into the 20s and 30s for really dim ...
... Astronomers often use the magnitude scale to denote brightness. • Historically, the apparent magnitude scale runs from 1 (brightest) to 6 (dimmest). • Today, the apparent magnitude scale extends into the negative numbers for really bright objects and into the 20s and 30s for really dim ...
Northern Hemisphere – December 2012
... Jupiter rises at sunset at the beginning of the month and is visible throughout the night as it reaches opposition (opposite the Sun in the sky) during December. Shining at magnitude -2.8, it reaches 60 degrees' elevation in Taurus in the south, helping us to see it with little atmospheric interfere ...
... Jupiter rises at sunset at the beginning of the month and is visible throughout the night as it reaches opposition (opposite the Sun in the sky) during December. Shining at magnitude -2.8, it reaches 60 degrees' elevation in Taurus in the south, helping us to see it with little atmospheric interfere ...
elementary measuring stars
... two stars in the system. The light curve solution gives the radius and temperature of each star, from which luminosities are derived. Recall that the sum of the masses of the two stars can be found from the semi-major axis of the orbit and the orbital period. Individual masses are found from the orb ...
... two stars in the system. The light curve solution gives the radius and temperature of each star, from which luminosities are derived. Recall that the sum of the masses of the two stars can be found from the semi-major axis of the orbit and the orbital period. Individual masses are found from the orb ...
magnitude handout
... how to find the large distances beyond our galaxy. As with the previous table, Table 3 repeats itself after the first six values of the distance modulus. After the first six rows of Table 3 it is possible to extend the table to any higher values needed. Every time the distance modulus increase by 5 ...
... how to find the large distances beyond our galaxy. As with the previous table, Table 3 repeats itself after the first six values of the distance modulus. After the first six rows of Table 3 it is possible to extend the table to any higher values needed. Every time the distance modulus increase by 5 ...
read in advance to speed your work
... Orion are not some special group of stars but only those stars which happen to be bright enough to be seen when we look in the direction of the constellation of Orion. Begin making an H-R diagram for the stars in Orion (Table II). Plot the MV values (MV again is simply absolute magnitude, M, with th ...
... Orion are not some special group of stars but only those stars which happen to be bright enough to be seen when we look in the direction of the constellation of Orion. Begin making an H-R diagram for the stars in Orion (Table II). Plot the MV values (MV again is simply absolute magnitude, M, with th ...
Document
... So the spectra reveal details about the light source. We can use that same approach to study planets, stars, and galaxies. We can deduce the temperature and abundances of various chemical elements in the outer atmosphere of a star. Theorists predicted that when the universe was forming there was lit ...
... So the spectra reveal details about the light source. We can use that same approach to study planets, stars, and galaxies. We can deduce the temperature and abundances of various chemical elements in the outer atmosphere of a star. Theorists predicted that when the universe was forming there was lit ...
Astronomy 115 Homework Set #1 – Due: Thursday, Feb
... Describe the two main classes of supernova explosions? Which one is used as an important probe of cosmological distances? What about the explosion makes this type of supernova particularly useful as a distance probe? ...
... Describe the two main classes of supernova explosions? Which one is used as an important probe of cosmological distances? What about the explosion makes this type of supernova particularly useful as a distance probe? ...
SSG Coordinators will be at the Cronan Ranch observing site at 6
... 4200 light years away. This is a much larger (15 minutes of arc) and older cluster than M36 but the density of the cluster is much lower. Messier 37 is our third open cluster, and this is my personal favorite. To find it, jump across that imaginary line between Beta and Theta Aurigae to a spot about ...
... 4200 light years away. This is a much larger (15 minutes of arc) and older cluster than M36 but the density of the cluster is much lower. Messier 37 is our third open cluster, and this is my personal favorite. To find it, jump across that imaginary line between Beta and Theta Aurigae to a spot about ...
ph507lecnote07
... would immediately indicate its luminosity (absolute magnitude). This calibration was difficult to perform because of the relative scarcity of Cepheids and their large distances. None are sufficiently near to allow a trigonometric parallax to be determined, so Shapley had to depend upon the relativel ...
... would immediately indicate its luminosity (absolute magnitude). This calibration was difficult to perform because of the relative scarcity of Cepheids and their large distances. None are sufficiently near to allow a trigonometric parallax to be determined, so Shapley had to depend upon the relativel ...
Key Topics Astronomy Unit
... suggests, there should be remnants of this radiation. • In 1965, Radioastronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered Cosmic Background Radiation, which supports the Big Bang. 3. The abundance of “light elements” Hydrogen and Helium found in the universe is thought to support the Big Bang. ...
... suggests, there should be remnants of this radiation. • In 1965, Radioastronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered Cosmic Background Radiation, which supports the Big Bang. 3. The abundance of “light elements” Hydrogen and Helium found in the universe is thought to support the Big Bang. ...
Topic/Objective: ______ _____ Full Name: __________ Class: __
... Other Detects energy waves at frequencies higher than visible light Usually satellites in space Gamma ray Background radiation X-ray Hubble (infrared) 28.2 Stars and Their Characteristics Observation of stars has been going on for over 5000 years The grouping of stars are called Co ...
... Other Detects energy waves at frequencies higher than visible light Usually satellites in space Gamma ray Background radiation X-ray Hubble (infrared) 28.2 Stars and Their Characteristics Observation of stars has been going on for over 5000 years The grouping of stars are called Co ...
Lecture 18: The Milky Way Galaxy
... 1) Keplerian rotation, 2) constant orbital speed, 3) rigid-body rotation: how do M, Theta, and w scale with radius? ...
... 1) Keplerian rotation, 2) constant orbital speed, 3) rigid-body rotation: how do M, Theta, and w scale with radius? ...
Talk - Otterbein University
... against spectral type or temperature (horizontal scale) • Most stars (90%) lie in a band known as the Main Sequence ...
... against spectral type or temperature (horizontal scale) • Most stars (90%) lie in a band known as the Main Sequence ...
Science 8 Name: Unit 2 Astronomy Date: Period: LAB
... The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram is actually an elaborate graph that illustrates the relationship that exists between the average surface temperature of stars and their absolute magnitude. Absolute magnitude is how bright stars would appear to be if they were all the same distance away from Earth. Ra ...
... The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram is actually an elaborate graph that illustrates the relationship that exists between the average surface temperature of stars and their absolute magnitude. Absolute magnitude is how bright stars would appear to be if they were all the same distance away from Earth. Ra ...
AY5 Homework for Quiz 3: Spring 2015
... ____ a mix of large and smaller galaxies along with several energetic QSOs ...
... ____ a mix of large and smaller galaxies along with several energetic QSOs ...
Stars and Galaxies
... • Neutron stars are the smallest stars of all. A typical neutron star has a diameter of only about 16 kilometers. • Surface temperature of a star can be determined by its color. Blue being very hot 35,000 oC and above and Red being cool 3,000 oC. Our sun is classified in yellow. Its average surface ...
... • Neutron stars are the smallest stars of all. A typical neutron star has a diameter of only about 16 kilometers. • Surface temperature of a star can be determined by its color. Blue being very hot 35,000 oC and above and Red being cool 3,000 oC. Our sun is classified in yellow. Its average surface ...
hw4
... radial motion, magnetic properties, rotation, and color to be determined. An indication (but not direct measurement) of stellar radius, mass, and absolute magnitude can also be obtained from spectral information. The temperature can be determined by scanning the spectrum for the peak (most intense) ...
... radial motion, magnetic properties, rotation, and color to be determined. An indication (but not direct measurement) of stellar radius, mass, and absolute magnitude can also be obtained from spectral information. The temperature can be determined by scanning the spectrum for the peak (most intense) ...
Contributions of astronomy to all of science
... bright chemical fingerprints that tell astronomers what cosmic objects are made of. Physicists and chemists in Earth-bound laboratories measure the precise colour (or frequency) at which certain chemical elements and compounds emit or absorb radiation, leaving behind a set of fingerprints. Redsh ...
... bright chemical fingerprints that tell astronomers what cosmic objects are made of. Physicists and chemists in Earth-bound laboratories measure the precise colour (or frequency) at which certain chemical elements and compounds emit or absorb radiation, leaving behind a set of fingerprints. Redsh ...
Combining Practices with Core Ideas in the NGSS
... streetlights, where the closest looks very large and bright and the most distant looks tiny and dim—although we know the lights are all the same size and brightness. To illustrate how the distances to the nearest stars are measured, I could have the students use a graphical method to measure how far ...
... streetlights, where the closest looks very large and bright and the most distant looks tiny and dim—although we know the lights are all the same size and brightness. To illustrate how the distances to the nearest stars are measured, I could have the students use a graphical method to measure how far ...
- hoganshomepage
... Spectroscope: Used to measure the chemical composition of the stars. (also temperature and direction the star is moving in relation to the Earth.) How? Set up a spectroscope with different tubes; each gas has different spectras – light patterns. ...
... Spectroscope: Used to measure the chemical composition of the stars. (also temperature and direction the star is moving in relation to the Earth.) How? Set up a spectroscope with different tubes; each gas has different spectras – light patterns. ...
CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS
... The brightness of a star depends on both its size and its temperature. How bright a star looks from Earth depends on both its distance and how bright the star actually is. The brightness of a star can be described in 2 different ways: apparent brightness and absolute brightness. A star’s apparent br ...
... The brightness of a star depends on both its size and its temperature. How bright a star looks from Earth depends on both its distance and how bright the star actually is. The brightness of a star can be described in 2 different ways: apparent brightness and absolute brightness. A star’s apparent br ...
angles_telescopes
... surface (angular sizes of a few arc minutes) • To increase Moon from “actual size” to “fist size” requires magnification of 10 (typical of binoculars) – with binoculars, can easily see shapes/shading on Moon’s surface (angular sizes of 10’s of arcseconds) • To see further detail you can use a small ...
... surface (angular sizes of a few arc minutes) • To increase Moon from “actual size” to “fist size” requires magnification of 10 (typical of binoculars) – with binoculars, can easily see shapes/shading on Moon’s surface (angular sizes of 10’s of arcseconds) • To see further detail you can use a small ...
Classification and structure of galaxies
... (Compton telescope) portions of the EM spectrum, the tuning fork is no longer regarded as containing an evolutionary sequence – it’s simply a way of classifying galaxies. It is true that irregular galaxies seem to form from galactic collisions, and that some spiral galaxies lose their arms to become ...
... (Compton telescope) portions of the EM spectrum, the tuning fork is no longer regarded as containing an evolutionary sequence – it’s simply a way of classifying galaxies. It is true that irregular galaxies seem to form from galactic collisions, and that some spiral galaxies lose their arms to become ...
Cosmic distance ladder
The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A real direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are ""close enough"" (within about a thousand parsecs) to Earth. The techniques for determining distances to more distant objects are all based on various measured correlations between methods that work at close distances and methods that work at larger distances. Several methods rely on a standard candle, which is an astronomical object that has a known luminosity.The ladder analogy arises because no one technique can measure distances at all ranges encountered in astronomy. Instead, one method can be used to measure nearby distances, a second can be used to measure nearby to intermediate distances, and so on. Each rung of the ladder provides information that can be used to determine the distances at the next higher rung.