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Nervous System
Nervous System

... CORPUS CALLOSUM (Y)- horizontal connecting piece between the two hemispheres of the brain. Transmits information between the two cerebral hemispheres. It has been noted that severing the corpus callosum can control severe epilepsy (which is thought to be caused by a disturbance of the normal communi ...
Brain
Brain

...  visceral motor neurons Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) • Sympathetic • Parasympathetic They both control the same effectors (with few exceptions) but have opposite responses in the effectors ...
Multi-Sensory Neurons
Multi-Sensory Neurons

... once a fully formed sensory perception, are the individual sense perceptions integrated together to produce a multi-sensory experience. In this “old” view information is processed initially on a sense-by-sense basis, with each sense processed in a specific part of the cortex – sound in the auditory ...
Grammatical Bigrams - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Grammatical Bigrams - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

... experiments. Links are labelled with − log 2 γxy / x=1 γxy , the mutual information of the linked words; dotted edges are default attachments. are compared on a task similar to Experiment II.4 Eisner reports that the bestperforming dependency grammar model (Model D) achieves a (direction-sensitive) ...
The mirror neuron system and the consequences of its
The mirror neuron system and the consequences of its

... Research done on humans by means of fMRI shows that… - the MNS interacts with motor preparation areas and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during imitative learning - there are two functionally divided sectors in the frontal component of the human MNS, of which only one is properly mirror  The so ...
Philosophy of Mind and Neuroscience: the Case of Mirror Neurons
Philosophy of Mind and Neuroscience: the Case of Mirror Neurons

... has been overcome, thanks to twenty-one patients treated for epilepsy. Some electrodes have been planted in their brain for medical purposes. During their hospitalization, the researchers told them to perform certain actions, such as grasping objects, or to observe facial expressions. According to t ...
Control of Movement
Control of Movement

... skilled movement following brain damage ...
Chapt13 Lecture 13ed Pt 1
Chapt13 Lecture 13ed Pt 1

... The myelin sheath • A lipid covering on long axons that acts to increase the speed of nerve impulse conduction, insulation, and regeneration in the PNS • _____________ – neuroglia that make up the myelin sheath in the PNS • _____________ – gaps between myelination on the axons • Saltatory conduction ...
Optical Control of Muscle Function by Transplantation of Stem Cell
Optical Control of Muscle Function by Transplantation of Stem Cell

... peripheral nerve environment and successfully reinnervate denervated muscle (7). However, these engrafted cells are not connected to the descending inputs within the central nervous system that normally control motor function; therefore, their neural activity must be regulated by an artificial contr ...
Modern neuroscience is based on ideas derived
Modern neuroscience is based on ideas derived

... for example, that connections between any two structures are generally reciprocal. Initially all but Cortex, (2004) 40, 000-000 ...
Chapter 12 Notes - Las Positas College
Chapter 12 Notes - Las Positas College

... A. The CNS and PNS are functionally interrelated. Nerves of the PNS serve as information pathways to and from the periphery of the body. The CNS is composed of interneurons that process sensory information, direct information to specific CNS regions, initiate appropriate motor responses, and transpo ...
phys chapter 56 [10-19
phys chapter 56 [10-19

...  One branch of each mossy fiber goes directly to deep nuclear cells in deep cerebellar nuclei  Instantly sends excitatory signal back into cerebral corticospinal motor system either by return signals through thalamus to cerebral cortex or by neuronal circuitry in brainstem to support muscle contra ...
Grammatical Bigrams
Grammatical Bigrams

... are specific to the head word, as in [8]. Consider a much stronger independence assumption: that all the dependents of a head word are independent of one another and their relative order. This is clearly an approximation; in general, there will be strong correlations between the dependents of a head ...
More is more: The relationship between vocabulary size and word
More is more: The relationship between vocabulary size and word

... Bartlett’s (1978) study and Rice’s (1980) study was the size of children’s color lexicon at the inception of each study. Children in Carey and Bartlett’s study had an average of nine color words in their lexicon, whereas children in Rice’s study had zero color words in their lexicon. There are reaso ...
L6. Thalamus (László Acsády) All cortical areas receive thalamic
L6. Thalamus (László Acsády) All cortical areas receive thalamic

... All cortical areas receive thalamic inputs and no cortical area is functional without intact thalamocortical connections. The thalamus has multiple functions. It may be thought of as a kind of hub of information. The thalamus is generally believed to act as a relay between different subcortical area ...
Neuron - Schoolwires.net
Neuron - Schoolwires.net

... Bettman/ Corbis ...
empathize with fictional characters
empathize with fictional characters

... the activity of neuronal ensembles. Although these techniques present some interpretational limitations, the human studies seem compatible with the monkey data, suggesting the existence of a human mirror neuron system coding actions of the self and of other people, responding to action sounds, and c ...
spinal cord
spinal cord

... • Different muscle groups are mapped and unequally represented on the surface (motor homunculus) ...
4-CPG1
4-CPG1

... Modulation of the output pattern by: • sensory feedback • neurons from other brain areas • circulating hormones • (developmental changes) ...
Advances in Environmental Biology
Advances in Environmental Biology

... and by character of relations among these objects. For simulation of actions exercise in the fuzzy semantic network, each of them is determined by the following describing format <
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM aka CNS
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM aka CNS

... Connected to an area called the Limbic system of the brain that is involved in producing emotions. Why smells often trigger emotional responses. 5. The gustatory cortex lies near the post central sulcus and is involved with taste Association areas tie together or make associations between, the diffe ...
Reflecting on the debate
Reflecting on the debate

... psychological phenomenon, which occurs by default as part of meaning computations. But covariations only provide a form of shallow meaning. Real meaning is necessarily grounded on perception and action (simulations), although certainly these simulations, which are deeper processes, could be activate ...
Psych 11Nervous System Overview
Psych 11Nervous System Overview

...  A touch or painful stimulus, for example, creates a sensation in the brain only after information about the stimulus travels there via afferent nerve pathways.  Afferent neurons have a single long dendrite and a short axon. The dendrite is structurally and functionally similar to an axon, and is ...
Chapter 3 Part 2 - Doral Academy Preparatory
Chapter 3 Part 2 - Doral Academy Preparatory

... Hindbrain – vital functions – medulla, pons, and cerebellum ...
Diseases of the Basal Ganglia
Diseases of the Basal Ganglia

... along with their connected cortical and thalamic areas, are viewed as components of parallel circuits whose functional and morphological segregation is rather strictly maintained. Each circuit is thought to engage separate regions of the basal ganglia and thalamus, and the output of each appears to ...
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Embodied language processing

Embodied cognition occurs when an organism’s sensorimotor capacities (ability of the body to respond to its senses with movement), body and environment play an important role in thinking. The way in which a person’s body and their surroundings interacts also allows for specific brain functions to develop and in the future to be able to act. This means that not only does the mind influence the body’s movements, but the body also influences the abilities of the mind. There are three generalizations that are assumed to be true relating to embodied cognition. A person's motor system (that controls movement of the body) is activated when (1) they observe manipulable objects, (2) process action verbs, and (3) observe another individual's movements.In order to create movement of the body, a person usually thinks (or the brain subconsciously functions) about the movement it would like to accomplish. Embodied language processing asserts that there can also be an opposite influence. This means that moving your body in a certain way will impact how you comprehend, as well as process, language – whether it is an individual word or a complete phrase or sentence. Embodied language processing suggests that the brain resources that are used for perception, action, and emotion are also used during language comprehension. Studies have found that participants are faster at comprehending a sentence when the picture that goes along with it matches the actions described in the sentence. Action and language about action have been found to be connected because the areas of the brain that control them overlap It has been found that action can influence how a person understands a word, phrase, or sentence, but language can also impact a person's actions.
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