Cooperation and biased competition model can explain attentional
... overall activity and implement global competition in the network. The network is fully connected, but weights can differ depending on the pools being connected. We model the prefrontal cortex of a monkey that has been trained already and do not explicitly model the learning process itself. Instead, ...
... overall activity and implement global competition in the network. The network is fully connected, but weights can differ depending on the pools being connected. We model the prefrontal cortex of a monkey that has been trained already and do not explicitly model the learning process itself. Instead, ...
Population vector algorithm
... fi(x) is the probability of the cell i firing in map bin x, which equates with the average firing rate of the cell in that bin. ni is the number of spikes from cell i in the sliding window, and τ is the size of the sliding window. C(τ, n) is a normalization factor calculated so that the sum of the p ...
... fi(x) is the probability of the cell i firing in map bin x, which equates with the average firing rate of the cell in that bin. ni is the number of spikes from cell i in the sliding window, and τ is the size of the sliding window. C(τ, n) is a normalization factor calculated so that the sum of the p ...
Temporal Sequence Detection with Spiking Neurons: Towards
... neuron adds a functionality for temporal integration, which could be particularly powerful in detecting the temporal structure of incoming action potentials. Such functionality is required in many perceptual and higher level cognitive systems in the brain, e.g. speech and language processing. The mo ...
... neuron adds a functionality for temporal integration, which could be particularly powerful in detecting the temporal structure of incoming action potentials. Such functionality is required in many perceptual and higher level cognitive systems in the brain, e.g. speech and language processing. The mo ...
Granger causality analysis of state dependent functional connectivity
... where θi,0 relates to a background level of activity, and θi,n,m represents the effect of ensemble spiking history Rn,m (t) of neuron n on the firing probability of neuron i at time t for n = 1, ..., N neurons. In this work, we denote the spike count of neuron n in a time window of length W covering ...
... where θi,0 relates to a background level of activity, and θi,n,m represents the effect of ensemble spiking history Rn,m (t) of neuron n on the firing probability of neuron i at time t for n = 1, ..., N neurons. In this work, we denote the spike count of neuron n in a time window of length W covering ...
Recognition by Variance: Learning Rules for Spatiotemporal Patterns
... a mapping task neither necessitates integration of the input over time, nor does it reduce the dimensionality of the input. Hence the analysis performed there does not apply to our case. In this Letter, we consider the input current to a single read-out neuron, receiving a spatiotemporal pattern of ...
... a mapping task neither necessitates integration of the input over time, nor does it reduce the dimensionality of the input. Hence the analysis performed there does not apply to our case. In this Letter, we consider the input current to a single read-out neuron, receiving a spatiotemporal pattern of ...
Slide ()
... The axons of retinal ganglion cells grow to the optic tectum in discrete steps. Two neurons that carry information from the nasal half of the retina are shown. The axon of one crosses the optic chiasm to reach the contralateral optic tectum. The axon of the other also crosses the optic chiasm but pr ...
... The axons of retinal ganglion cells grow to the optic tectum in discrete steps. Two neurons that carry information from the nasal half of the retina are shown. The axon of one crosses the optic chiasm to reach the contralateral optic tectum. The axon of the other also crosses the optic chiasm but pr ...
Using Music to Tap Into a Universal Neural Grammar
... Terms of Frequency Codes and Temporal Codes According to the second premise of the MBM, frequency codes and temporal codes are the fundamental building blocks of higher brain function - they are the means by which information is organized, represented and coordinated in the brain. Within the neurosc ...
... Terms of Frequency Codes and Temporal Codes According to the second premise of the MBM, frequency codes and temporal codes are the fundamental building blocks of higher brain function - they are the means by which information is organized, represented and coordinated in the brain. Within the neurosc ...
Author`s personal copy Computational models of motivated action
... individuals learn more from positive or negative outcomes, with DA elevations enhancing reward learning but impairing punishment learning, and vice-versa for DA depletion [34–36], and these learning modulations are accompanied by altered striatal responses to reward prediction errors [37��]. Further ...
... individuals learn more from positive or negative outcomes, with DA elevations enhancing reward learning but impairing punishment learning, and vice-versa for DA depletion [34–36], and these learning modulations are accompanied by altered striatal responses to reward prediction errors [37��]. Further ...
Minimal model of strategy switching in the plus
... Forward, Leftward, Rightward and Backward. Activity of a response-action cell was calculated according to Equation 1, and the weights were updated using Equation 2 on each time step. ...
... Forward, Leftward, Rightward and Backward. Activity of a response-action cell was calculated according to Equation 1, and the weights were updated using Equation 2 on each time step. ...
Unit 2 Notes
... potential. The toilet is “charged” when there is water in the tank and is capable of being flushed again Like a neuron, a toilet operates on the all-or- ...
... potential. The toilet is “charged” when there is water in the tank and is capable of being flushed again Like a neuron, a toilet operates on the all-or- ...
Why Neurons Cannot be Detectors: Shifting Paradigms from Sherlock Holmes... Elvis Presley? Nancy A. Salay ()
... 1. The presence/absence of X covaries with the presence/absence of members of Y; 2. The co-variance is under-written by a nomic causal relation, that is, the presence/absence of members of Y cause or are a necessary part of the cause of the presence/absence of X; and, 3. The functional role of X, wi ...
... 1. The presence/absence of X covaries with the presence/absence of members of Y; 2. The co-variance is under-written by a nomic causal relation, that is, the presence/absence of members of Y cause or are a necessary part of the cause of the presence/absence of X; and, 3. The functional role of X, wi ...
Realizing Biological Spiking Network Models in a Configurable
... one can picture the bus lanes to “compete” for connections to the synapse drivers. Since the synaptic address decoders are programmable, all synapse drivers are largely equivalent. Therefore, it is initially most important to specify how many synapse drivers each Layer-1 lane should connect to, but ...
... one can picture the bus lanes to “compete” for connections to the synapse drivers. Since the synaptic address decoders are programmable, all synapse drivers are largely equivalent. Therefore, it is initially most important to specify how many synapse drivers each Layer-1 lane should connect to, but ...
Future of Optogenetics: Potential Clinical Applications?
... frequency (5 Hz) leads to the effect in rats with alcohol addiction. This activation resulted in low, but long-term increase in the concentration of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and led to loss of interest in alcohol (Bass et al., 2013). Some studies demonstrated that more important than the fr ...
... frequency (5 Hz) leads to the effect in rats with alcohol addiction. This activation resulted in low, but long-term increase in the concentration of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and led to loss of interest in alcohol (Bass et al., 2013). Some studies demonstrated that more important than the fr ...
WORD - Semiosis Evolution Energy
... typically only meaningful to themselves. Many researchers therefore no longer draw a strict line between animals and autonomous robots. Prem (1998), for example, refers to both categories as ‘embodied autonomous systems’, and does not at all distinguish between living and non-living in his discussio ...
... typically only meaningful to themselves. Many researchers therefore no longer draw a strict line between animals and autonomous robots. Prem (1998), for example, refers to both categories as ‘embodied autonomous systems’, and does not at all distinguish between living and non-living in his discussio ...
Understanding Embodied Cognition through Dynamical Systems
... like or that removing a screw means turning the screw driver in counterclockwise direction are examples of a lower level of knowledge, meaning knowledge more closely linked to the sensory or motor surfaces. Some of the background knowledge may have the discrete, categorical form of whether to turn ...
... like or that removing a screw means turning the screw driver in counterclockwise direction are examples of a lower level of knowledge, meaning knowledge more closely linked to the sensory or motor surfaces. Some of the background knowledge may have the discrete, categorical form of whether to turn ...
PDF of article - Janelia Research Campus
... sensorimotor integration (see text for instantiations in insects). (e) A simple sensorimotor transformation can be represented as being primarily feedforward, taking inputs from multiple sensory organs and converting them into a posture-dependent motor output. However, a more accurate model of the p ...
... sensorimotor integration (see text for instantiations in insects). (e) A simple sensorimotor transformation can be represented as being primarily feedforward, taking inputs from multiple sensory organs and converting them into a posture-dependent motor output. However, a more accurate model of the p ...
Biomorphic Circuits and Systems: Control of Robotic and Prosthetic Limbs
... consistent with the anatomy of early hominids who had not yet renounced arboreal locomotion [5]. While this makes a strong case for CPGs having been involved in upper limb movements, it is unclear whether the evolutionary steps from Australopithecus afarensis to Homo sapiens have erased or reduced t ...
... consistent with the anatomy of early hominids who had not yet renounced arboreal locomotion [5]. While this makes a strong case for CPGs having been involved in upper limb movements, it is unclear whether the evolutionary steps from Australopithecus afarensis to Homo sapiens have erased or reduced t ...
A neural implementation of Bayesian inference based on predictive
... Where x is a (m by 1) vector of input activations, e is a (m by 1) vector of error neuron activations; r is a (m by 1) vector of reconstruction neuron activations; y is a (n by 1) vector of prediction neuron activations; W is a (n by m) matrix of feedforward synaptic weight values; V is a (m by n) ...
... Where x is a (m by 1) vector of input activations, e is a (m by 1) vector of error neuron activations; r is a (m by 1) vector of reconstruction neuron activations; y is a (n by 1) vector of prediction neuron activations; W is a (n by m) matrix of feedforward synaptic weight values; V is a (m by n) ...