Polymeric micelles as drug carriers. Nanoparticulates as drug carriers.
... altered to improve ADME, which often adversely affects drug pharmacological activity. In turn the modifications of many low molecular mass drugs aimed to increase their pharmacological activity often adversely affect their ADME properties. For example, the potency and specificity of drugs can be imp ...
... altered to improve ADME, which often adversely affects drug pharmacological activity. In turn the modifications of many low molecular mass drugs aimed to increase their pharmacological activity often adversely affect their ADME properties. For example, the potency and specificity of drugs can be imp ...
EXTEMPORANEOUS PREPARATION OF PAEDIATRIC ORAL
... formulations of drugs for use in pre-term and term neonates and infants. According to Lindell-Osuagwu et al. (submitted), the overall proportion of prescriptions for unlicensed drugs (13%) was similar to that in other studies (10–12%) in paediatric intensive care units in France, Australia, Brazil a ...
... formulations of drugs for use in pre-term and term neonates and infants. According to Lindell-Osuagwu et al. (submitted), the overall proportion of prescriptions for unlicensed drugs (13%) was similar to that in other studies (10–12%) in paediatric intensive care units in France, Australia, Brazil a ...
Treatment Guidelines for the Pharmacological Management of Pain
... characterized. Decreased cardiac index can result in stiffening vasculature, increasing systolic blood pressure, and reduced myocardial reserve and reduce both hepatic and renal function. ...
... characterized. Decreased cardiac index can result in stiffening vasculature, increasing systolic blood pressure, and reduced myocardial reserve and reduce both hepatic and renal function. ...
A Dangerous Triad: Sertraline, Mirtazapine and Methadone
... A number of case reports describe the development of serotonin syndrome after the addition of opiateanalgesics, such as oxycodone, pentazocine, and morphine, to a serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Our patient’s admission drug regimen was notable for including three potent serotonergic ag ...
... A number of case reports describe the development of serotonin syndrome after the addition of opiateanalgesics, such as oxycodone, pentazocine, and morphine, to a serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Our patient’s admission drug regimen was notable for including three potent serotonergic ag ...
Facts about Marijuana - Institute for Student Achievement
... Also, since marijuana can affect judgment and decision making, using it can cause you to do things you might not do when you are thinking straight—such as risky sexual behavior, which can result in exposure to sexually transmitted diseases, like HIV, the virus that causes AIDS; or getting in a car w ...
... Also, since marijuana can affect judgment and decision making, using it can cause you to do things you might not do when you are thinking straight—such as risky sexual behavior, which can result in exposure to sexually transmitted diseases, like HIV, the virus that causes AIDS; or getting in a car w ...
Solubility enhancement technique for an anti-malarial
... Solid dispersions represent a useful pharmaceutical technique for increasing the dissolution, absorption and therapeutic efficacy of drugs in dosage forms. The term solid dispersion refers to a group of solid products consisting of at least two different components, generally a hydrophilic matrix an ...
... Solid dispersions represent a useful pharmaceutical technique for increasing the dissolution, absorption and therapeutic efficacy of drugs in dosage forms. The term solid dispersion refers to a group of solid products consisting of at least two different components, generally a hydrophilic matrix an ...
How to Protect Yourself Against Malaria
... All malaria infections are serious illnesses and must be treated as a medical emergency. Travellers should be aware that infection with Plasmodium falciparum malaria is the most dangerous and often fatal form of the disease. The appearance of chloroquine resistant and / or multidrug resistant P. fal ...
... All malaria infections are serious illnesses and must be treated as a medical emergency. Travellers should be aware that infection with Plasmodium falciparum malaria is the most dangerous and often fatal form of the disease. The appearance of chloroquine resistant and / or multidrug resistant P. fal ...
- Wiley Online Library
... 2 In this study, a kaolin-induced inflammation model in the cat was evaluated for pre-clinical characterization of the pharmacodynamic profiles of NSAIDs (determination of efficacy, potency, sensitivity (that is the slope of the concentration–effect relationship) and duration of drug response), usin ...
... 2 In this study, a kaolin-induced inflammation model in the cat was evaluated for pre-clinical characterization of the pharmacodynamic profiles of NSAIDs (determination of efficacy, potency, sensitivity (that is the slope of the concentration–effect relationship) and duration of drug response), usin ...
LSD Fact Sheet - Drug Policy Alliance
... dosing and resources for handling difficult experiences. LSD is active at very low doses (around 20 micrograms) and can have very different effects at what are only small differences in amounts and from person to person. Appropriate dosing is important. Individual ¼” squares of LSD on blotter paper ...
... dosing and resources for handling difficult experiences. LSD is active at very low doses (around 20 micrograms) and can have very different effects at what are only small differences in amounts and from person to person. Appropriate dosing is important. Individual ¼” squares of LSD on blotter paper ...
SPC - HPRA website
... mean peak plasma concentrations of 54 to 86µg/L at 0.5 to 2.5 hours after administration, yet the hypnotic effect enters already after 15 to 30 minutes. Zopiclone demonstrates linear pharmacokinetics between dosages of 3.5 to 15 mg. After absorption zopiclone is widely distributed into body tissues ...
... mean peak plasma concentrations of 54 to 86µg/L at 0.5 to 2.5 hours after administration, yet the hypnotic effect enters already after 15 to 30 minutes. Zopiclone demonstrates linear pharmacokinetics between dosages of 3.5 to 15 mg. After absorption zopiclone is widely distributed into body tissues ...
TRANSIENT INHIBITION OF CYP3A IN RATS BY STAR FRUIT JUICE
... grapefruit juice with dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists felodipine and nifedipine resulted in a large increase in the plasma concentration of these drugs, which can cause serious adverse reactions such as headaches, hypotension, facial flushing, and lightheadedness (Bailey et al., 1991; Lu ...
... grapefruit juice with dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists felodipine and nifedipine resulted in a large increase in the plasma concentration of these drugs, which can cause serious adverse reactions such as headaches, hypotension, facial flushing, and lightheadedness (Bailey et al., 1991; Lu ...
Psychostimulants and Cognition: A Continuum of Behavioral and
... function of amphetamine effects on specific rodent behaviors is described. They theorized that a “single increasing stimulatory effect” can account for both sides of the curve, with amphetamine resulting in the organism exhibiting “increasing response rates within a decreasing number of response cat ...
... function of amphetamine effects on specific rodent behaviors is described. They theorized that a “single increasing stimulatory effect” can account for both sides of the curve, with amphetamine resulting in the organism exhibiting “increasing response rates within a decreasing number of response cat ...
EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF CAESALPINIA PULCHERRIMA (L). BARK Research Article
... problems, more in tropical countries. Helminthes infections are being recognized as a cause of much acute as well as chronic illness among the various human beings as well as animals. Anthelmintic or antihelminthics are drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) from the body, by either stunning o ...
... problems, more in tropical countries. Helminthes infections are being recognized as a cause of much acute as well as chronic illness among the various human beings as well as animals. Anthelmintic or antihelminthics are drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) from the body, by either stunning o ...
Shilajit a materia medica monograph.
... microbial metabolites. Traditional uses primarily focus on diabetes and diseases of the urinary tract, but also include edema, tumors, wasting, epilepsy and even insanity. Modern indications extend to all system of the human body with a significant number of additions in the reproductive and nervous ...
... microbial metabolites. Traditional uses primarily focus on diabetes and diseases of the urinary tract, but also include edema, tumors, wasting, epilepsy and even insanity. Modern indications extend to all system of the human body with a significant number of additions in the reproductive and nervous ...
Home Medication Packet
... -Pharmacologic: Tricyclic Antidepressant Pharmacodynamics: -Potentiates the effect of serotonin and norepinephrine. This drug also has significant anticholinergic properties. Antidepressant action develops slowly over several weeks. Pharmacokinetics: -Absorption: Well absorbed after oral administrat ...
... -Pharmacologic: Tricyclic Antidepressant Pharmacodynamics: -Potentiates the effect of serotonin and norepinephrine. This drug also has significant anticholinergic properties. Antidepressant action develops slowly over several weeks. Pharmacokinetics: -Absorption: Well absorbed after oral administrat ...
ZYBAN (bupropion hydrochloride) Sustained-Release
... Patients with MDD, both adult and pediatric, may experience worsening of their depression and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation and behavior (suicidality) or unusual changes in behavior, whether or not they are taking antidepressant medications, and this risk may persist until significant remiss ...
... Patients with MDD, both adult and pediatric, may experience worsening of their depression and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation and behavior (suicidality) or unusual changes in behavior, whether or not they are taking antidepressant medications, and this risk may persist until significant remiss ...
Codeine and breastfeeding: Is it safe and what are the alternatives?
... days 4 to 6 post delivery. All mothers had been breastfeeding and had been receiving codeine 60mg every 4 to 6 hours for analgesia. Codeine was discontinued and breastfeeding withheld. Resolution of the apnoea occurred over 24 to 48 hours (11). A cohort study of 72 mother-infant pairs also found a h ...
... days 4 to 6 post delivery. All mothers had been breastfeeding and had been receiving codeine 60mg every 4 to 6 hours for analgesia. Codeine was discontinued and breastfeeding withheld. Resolution of the apnoea occurred over 24 to 48 hours (11). A cohort study of 72 mother-infant pairs also found a h ...
EMA/CHMP/83874/2014
... Renal function can be decreased either through renal disease/renal toxicity or as a consequence of ageing. Renal impairment has not only been associated with decreased renal excretion of drugs and metabolites but also with changes in absorption, in metabolism and active transport in the kidney, live ...
... Renal function can be decreased either through renal disease/renal toxicity or as a consequence of ageing. Renal impairment has not only been associated with decreased renal excretion of drugs and metabolites but also with changes in absorption, in metabolism and active transport in the kidney, live ...
DANGERS OF PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTITUTES FOR NICOTINE
... harmful effects of nicotine in the body, you wonder how pure doses of the stuff can possibly be deemed safe. It is unclear how this can be called therapy when one is removing nicotine with one hand and giving it back in more pure and potent form with the other. Bottom line is that you remain addicte ...
... harmful effects of nicotine in the body, you wonder how pure doses of the stuff can possibly be deemed safe. It is unclear how this can be called therapy when one is removing nicotine with one hand and giving it back in more pure and potent form with the other. Bottom line is that you remain addicte ...
Synthetic Cannabinoids
... Brain chemistry: The main cannabinoid in natural cannabis is THC. THC is a partial agonist of CB1, where as some synthetic cannabinoids have been shown to be full CB1 agonists 19 and far more potent than THC. They may also have different affinities; binding more selectively to receptors in one part ...
... Brain chemistry: The main cannabinoid in natural cannabis is THC. THC is a partial agonist of CB1, where as some synthetic cannabinoids have been shown to be full CB1 agonists 19 and far more potent than THC. They may also have different affinities; binding more selectively to receptors in one part ...
Zimax
... DRUG INTERACTION Antacids: Peak serum levels but not the total extent of absorption are reduced by aluminium - and magnesium - containing antacids in the stomach. Azithromycin should therefore be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking these antacids. Ergot Derivatives: Because of the t ...
... DRUG INTERACTION Antacids: Peak serum levels but not the total extent of absorption are reduced by aluminium - and magnesium - containing antacids in the stomach. Azithromycin should therefore be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking these antacids. Ergot Derivatives: Because of the t ...
Pharmaceutical Administration and Regulations in Japan
... http://www.jpma.or.jp/about/issue/gratis/index2.html (Japanese) http://www.jpma.or.jp/english/parj/1003.html (English) ...
... http://www.jpma.or.jp/about/issue/gratis/index2.html (Japanese) http://www.jpma.or.jp/english/parj/1003.html (English) ...
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH Pr INDERAL®-LA (Propranolol
... There may be increased difficulty in treating an allergic type reaction in patients on betablockers. In these patients, the reaction may be more severe due to the pharmacological effects of beta-blockers and problems with fluid changes. Epinephrine should be administered with caution, since it may ...
... There may be increased difficulty in treating an allergic type reaction in patients on betablockers. In these patients, the reaction may be more severe due to the pharmacological effects of beta-blockers and problems with fluid changes. Epinephrine should be administered with caution, since it may ...
COMPARISON OF THREE METHODS OF PREVENTING VENOUS OCCLUSION TECHNIQUE
... for prevention of pain on injection of some anesthetic drugs is well established in literature5. It has an onset time of action that is comparable to remifentanil (4590 seconds), and so the venous occlusion technique is not expected to delay the onset of its action. It is anticipated that venous occ ...
... for prevention of pain on injection of some anesthetic drugs is well established in literature5. It has an onset time of action that is comparable to remifentanil (4590 seconds), and so the venous occlusion technique is not expected to delay the onset of its action. It is anticipated that venous occ ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.