351 Pharmacology 3rd sf
... Down-regulation “A decrease in the total number of target-cell receptors for a given messenger/ligand in response to chronic high extracellular concentration of the messenger/ligand” Up-regulation “An increase in the total number of target-cell receptors for a given messenger/ligand in response ...
... Down-regulation “A decrease in the total number of target-cell receptors for a given messenger/ligand in response to chronic high extracellular concentration of the messenger/ligand” Up-regulation “An increase in the total number of target-cell receptors for a given messenger/ligand in response ...
Drug disposition in pregnancy MEDSCI 722 Anna Ponnampalam
... each subject pool in 19 heart-related trials, although more women than men die from heart disease each year (Kim et al., 2008). The most fundamental sex difference - pregnancy The effects of the pregnant state on the disposition and action of drugs are superimposed on the changes associated with the ...
... each subject pool in 19 heart-related trials, although more women than men die from heart disease each year (Kim et al., 2008). The most fundamental sex difference - pregnancy The effects of the pregnant state on the disposition and action of drugs are superimposed on the changes associated with the ...
Appendix D: Effects of controlled substance use
... capsules, and occasionally in liquid form. It is an odorless and colorless substance with a slightly bitter taste that is usually ingested orally. It is often added to absorbent paper, such as blotter paper, and divided into small decorated squares, with each square representing one dose. ...
... capsules, and occasionally in liquid form. It is an odorless and colorless substance with a slightly bitter taste that is usually ingested orally. It is often added to absorbent paper, such as blotter paper, and divided into small decorated squares, with each square representing one dose. ...
Sedative-HypnoticsJGeneral Depressants alcohol (ethyl alcohol, or
... administering cocaine and amphetamines is extremely reinforcing; they possess what pharmacologists call "immediate sensual appeal." Taking them generates the impulse to take them regularly, regardless of the obstacles, pain, or cost. In popular or lay terms, they are pleasurable. It should come as n ...
... administering cocaine and amphetamines is extremely reinforcing; they possess what pharmacologists call "immediate sensual appeal." Taking them generates the impulse to take them regularly, regardless of the obstacles, pain, or cost. In popular or lay terms, they are pleasurable. It should come as n ...
Consciousness Day 2
... Alcohol: suppresses parts of the brain that control judgment, inhibitions, and can seriously alter physical functioning in high doses (balance, memory, consciousness, death). If you have an urge while sober, you’re more likely to follow through on it while drunk. Alcohol will increase any tenden ...
... Alcohol: suppresses parts of the brain that control judgment, inhibitions, and can seriously alter physical functioning in high doses (balance, memory, consciousness, death). If you have an urge while sober, you’re more likely to follow through on it while drunk. Alcohol will increase any tenden ...
the session PowerPoint
... Many different examples in hepatic and renal impairment with dose instructions based on PK studies and occasionally PK-PD modelling No need for RCTs – in fact, would be impractical ...
... Many different examples in hepatic and renal impairment with dose instructions based on PK studies and occasionally PK-PD modelling No need for RCTs – in fact, would be impractical ...
lec#8 done by Ghaida`a Abuzahra and Nahla
... So we reached the Vmax with 10% of dose which is excellent , but if I continue with increasing the dose of insulin the patient will be in a comma and may die ( hypoglycemia- high insulin with low concentration of glucose ) so I need to reach maximal response that produces the desired effect without ...
... So we reached the Vmax with 10% of dose which is excellent , but if I continue with increasing the dose of insulin the patient will be in a comma and may die ( hypoglycemia- high insulin with low concentration of glucose ) so I need to reach maximal response that produces the desired effect without ...
Prescribing Information
... Symptoms of acute overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, oliquria, abdominal pain, numbness, tingling of the extremities, rise in blood pressure, in severe cases followed by hypotension, respiratory depression, hypothermia, convulsions, and coma. Because reports of overdosage with Methergine (methy ...
... Symptoms of acute overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, oliquria, abdominal pain, numbness, tingling of the extremities, rise in blood pressure, in severe cases followed by hypotension, respiratory depression, hypothermia, convulsions, and coma. Because reports of overdosage with Methergine (methy ...
final examination july 2011 examination 1/2011/2012 session
... Tamoxifen - reduce the risk of breast cancer in high-risk women. Raloxifen - more selective than tamoxifen against breast cancer. Celexocib - selective against lung cancer. Finasteride - effective against prostate cancer. ...
... Tamoxifen - reduce the risk of breast cancer in high-risk women. Raloxifen - more selective than tamoxifen against breast cancer. Celexocib - selective against lung cancer. Finasteride - effective against prostate cancer. ...
CLINICALLY IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS
... Drug interaction refers to modification of response to one drug by another when they are administered simultaneously or in quick succession. ...
... Drug interaction refers to modification of response to one drug by another when they are administered simultaneously or in quick succession. ...
Full Article
... diagnostic of the intoxications (an example is presented in Figure 3). Although these tests do not always identify the specific drug, they confirm their presence. As can be seen in figure 3, the urine screening test indicates polydrug use, being positive for methadone, THC and benzodiazepines. Latel ...
... diagnostic of the intoxications (an example is presented in Figure 3). Although these tests do not always identify the specific drug, they confirm their presence. As can be seen in figure 3, the urine screening test indicates polydrug use, being positive for methadone, THC and benzodiazepines. Latel ...
Dr. Kunwar Shailubhai
... Market for generics is growing rapidly Forecasted to grow annually to US$ 263 billion in 2005 Represents 42% of total prescriptions by volume More then 150 brand name patented drugs (US$105 bn) will come off the patents and will be available for generics by 2010. Patent protection laws are ...
... Market for generics is growing rapidly Forecasted to grow annually to US$ 263 billion in 2005 Represents 42% of total prescriptions by volume More then 150 brand name patented drugs (US$105 bn) will come off the patents and will be available for generics by 2010. Patent protection laws are ...
Prescription of drugs contraindicated in children: a national
... 3 months and older) are licensed for paediatric use. Likewise, because their risk (arterial hypertension, seizures etc. [2]) exceeds their benefit, prescribing vasoconstrictor ENT drugs despite their contraindication in children is inappropriate. Nevertheless, some contraindicated for age drugs pres ...
... 3 months and older) are licensed for paediatric use. Likewise, because their risk (arterial hypertension, seizures etc. [2]) exceeds their benefit, prescribing vasoconstrictor ENT drugs despite their contraindication in children is inappropriate. Nevertheless, some contraindicated for age drugs pres ...
Download Syllabus
... patent was due to expire soon and recently new data had been discovered which indicated that a small subset of the population would be at risk for stroke, heart attack or even death if they took PIavix. As a result the FDA had added a black box warning--the agency's most severe--to Plavix's label in ...
... patent was due to expire soon and recently new data had been discovered which indicated that a small subset of the population would be at risk for stroke, heart attack or even death if they took PIavix. As a result the FDA had added a black box warning--the agency's most severe--to Plavix's label in ...
Drug Development and Assessment in Man Pharmaceutical Medicine
... • Is the drug getting to its site of action? Absorption? Distribution? Metabolism? Excretion? ...
... • Is the drug getting to its site of action? Absorption? Distribution? Metabolism? Excretion? ...
Drug Development and Assessment in Man Pharmaceutical Medicine
... • Is the drug getting to its site of action? Absorption? Distribution? Metabolism? Excretion? ...
... • Is the drug getting to its site of action? Absorption? Distribution? Metabolism? Excretion? ...
Slide 1
... • Benzodiazepines (BZs) are the most extensively analysed medicinal drugs regarding risk assessment in traffic. • BZs, particularly long half-life acting drugs, in higher therapeutic doses and / or at the start of treatment are most likely to cause an increase in crash risk. • Increased risk of BZs ...
... • Benzodiazepines (BZs) are the most extensively analysed medicinal drugs regarding risk assessment in traffic. • BZs, particularly long half-life acting drugs, in higher therapeutic doses and / or at the start of treatment are most likely to cause an increase in crash risk. • Increased risk of BZs ...
Diapro MR Prescribing Information
... anticoagulants, or which inhibit, hepatic microsomal enzymes, for example cimetidine, sulfonamides, imidazole antifungal agents and the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI), which may increase the hypoglycemic effect of Gliclazide. Any effects, which result from protein‐bindin ...
... anticoagulants, or which inhibit, hepatic microsomal enzymes, for example cimetidine, sulfonamides, imidazole antifungal agents and the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI), which may increase the hypoglycemic effect of Gliclazide. Any effects, which result from protein‐bindin ...
Drug Metabolism and the Liver
... •24 hours after carbon tetrachloride administration, 0.5% thiopental sodium (0.1 ml/10 g) is intraperitoneally injected for mice in both 2 groups. •Observe the response of mice. •Record the time of disappearance and recovery of righting reflex, respectively.(Note:loss of righting reflex is an indica ...
... •24 hours after carbon tetrachloride administration, 0.5% thiopental sodium (0.1 ml/10 g) is intraperitoneally injected for mice in both 2 groups. •Observe the response of mice. •Record the time of disappearance and recovery of righting reflex, respectively.(Note:loss of righting reflex is an indica ...
Scleroderma Association of Manitoba
... If high blood pressure (BP), should have BP checked prior to and after 1-4 weeks of NSAID use. Note: Pain can increase BP, therefore NSAID use may also lower BP. Risk may be less with naproxen. ...
... If high blood pressure (BP), should have BP checked prior to and after 1-4 weeks of NSAID use. Note: Pain can increase BP, therefore NSAID use may also lower BP. Risk may be less with naproxen. ...
Recent changes have been introduced to the Summary of Product
... drugs above specified limits in the blood; this is likely to come into force on 2 March 2015. As the list of drugs covered by this legislation includes medications which we may prescribe / supply to our clients all clinicians should be aware of the impact these changes should have on their practice. ...
... drugs above specified limits in the blood; this is likely to come into force on 2 March 2015. As the list of drugs covered by this legislation includes medications which we may prescribe / supply to our clients all clinicians should be aware of the impact these changes should have on their practice. ...
C22L3 PPT - Destiny High School
... Club Drugs The term club drug describes drugs found at concerts, dance clubs, and drug parties, called raves. These drugs are sometimes disguised in foods, or slipped into drinks and taken without a person’s knowledge. ...
... Club Drugs The term club drug describes drugs found at concerts, dance clubs, and drug parties, called raves. These drugs are sometimes disguised in foods, or slipped into drinks and taken without a person’s knowledge. ...
Narcotics
... • Narcotics have a high potential for abuse. As abused drugs they are sniffed, smoked, or selfadministered by the more direct routes of subcutaneous (“skin-popping”) and intravenous (“mainlining”) injection. Drug effects depend heavily on the dose, route of administration, and previous exposure to ...
... • Narcotics have a high potential for abuse. As abused drugs they are sniffed, smoked, or selfadministered by the more direct routes of subcutaneous (“skin-popping”) and intravenous (“mainlining”) injection. Drug effects depend heavily on the dose, route of administration, and previous exposure to ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.