SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS
... • At high doses of most older sedative-hypnotics, – loss of consciousness may occur, – with amnesia – and suppression of reflexes (like pain). • Anterograde amnesia is more likely with benzodiazepines than with other sedative-hypnotics. • Anesthesia can be produced by: – most barbiturates (eg, thiop ...
... • At high doses of most older sedative-hypnotics, – loss of consciousness may occur, – with amnesia – and suppression of reflexes (like pain). • Anterograde amnesia is more likely with benzodiazepines than with other sedative-hypnotics. • Anesthesia can be produced by: – most barbiturates (eg, thiop ...
PRODUCT INFORMATION
... at high doses. Withdrawal of the drugs did not lead to regression of the tumour in all cases. Chronic androgen deficiency is a protective factor for prostatic disease and hypogonadal men receiving androgen replacement therapy require surveillance for prostate disease similar to that recommended for ...
... at high doses. Withdrawal of the drugs did not lead to regression of the tumour in all cases. Chronic androgen deficiency is a protective factor for prostatic disease and hypogonadal men receiving androgen replacement therapy require surveillance for prostate disease similar to that recommended for ...
無投影片標題
... Bulk of tablets: mistake, GI upset and other side effects Stigma of TB: cannot accept the fact of being diagnosed as having TB – Health belief: e.g., use of herbal or alternative medicine ...
... Bulk of tablets: mistake, GI upset and other side effects Stigma of TB: cannot accept the fact of being diagnosed as having TB – Health belief: e.g., use of herbal or alternative medicine ...
Common Drug Interactions Leading to Adverse Drug
... A number of metabolizing enzymes along the small intestinal wall can significantly biotransform many compounds before they are absorbed into the systemic circulation. Cytochrome P4503A4 (CYP3A4) is the predominant enzyme; however, glucuronidation, sulfation, and monoamine oxidation biotransformation ...
... A number of metabolizing enzymes along the small intestinal wall can significantly biotransform many compounds before they are absorbed into the systemic circulation. Cytochrome P4503A4 (CYP3A4) is the predominant enzyme; however, glucuronidation, sulfation, and monoamine oxidation biotransformation ...
(Attachment: 3)presentation
... relationships etc.) as part of pharmacological and psycho-social therapeutic interventions. ...
... relationships etc.) as part of pharmacological and psycho-social therapeutic interventions. ...
Comparison of Drug Approval Process in United States
... the "RMS"), it notifies this decision to other Member States (which then become the "CMS"), to whom applications have also been submitted. RMS issues a report to other states on its own findings. Generic industry is the major user of this type of drug approval procedure. This process may consu ...
... the "RMS"), it notifies this decision to other Member States (which then become the "CMS"), to whom applications have also been submitted. RMS issues a report to other states on its own findings. Generic industry is the major user of this type of drug approval procedure. This process may consu ...
pharmacokinetics
... kidneys, lungs, active muscle, …). The C-T curve have one phase: elimination. The distribution is too rapid to be found in the C-T curve.. ...
... kidneys, lungs, active muscle, …). The C-T curve have one phase: elimination. The distribution is too rapid to be found in the C-T curve.. ...
Safety of Medicines - World Health Organization
... Since ADRs may act through the same physiological and pathological pathways as different diseases, they are difficult and sometimes impossible to distinguish. However, the following step-wise approach may be helpful in assessing possible drug-related ADRs: 1. Ensure that the medicine ordered is the ...
... Since ADRs may act through the same physiological and pathological pathways as different diseases, they are difficult and sometimes impossible to distinguish. However, the following step-wise approach may be helpful in assessing possible drug-related ADRs: 1. Ensure that the medicine ordered is the ...
Antiarrhythmic Drugs
... • More effective in ventricular arrhythmias , it is the second drug of choice after lidocaine in treament of ventricular arrhythmia follow acute M.I. • Effective in A.F. or A.F. due to Wolff Parkinson White syndrome ...
... • More effective in ventricular arrhythmias , it is the second drug of choice after lidocaine in treament of ventricular arrhythmia follow acute M.I. • Effective in A.F. or A.F. due to Wolff Parkinson White syndrome ...
Drug Nomenclature
... • Drug-receptor interaction — drug interacts with one of more cellular structures to alter cell function • Drug-enzyme interaction — combines with enzymes to achieve desired effect • Acting on cell membrane or altering cellular environment ...
... • Drug-receptor interaction — drug interacts with one of more cellular structures to alter cell function • Drug-enzyme interaction — combines with enzymes to achieve desired effect • Acting on cell membrane or altering cellular environment ...
Psychopharmacological Treatment of Geriatric Disorders
... • Individuals become more dissimilar as they grow. • Abrupt decline in any system is always due to disease and not to normal aging. • Normal aging can be attenuated by modification of risk factors. • In the absence of disease decline in homeostatic reserve causes no symptoms and imposes few restrict ...
... • Individuals become more dissimilar as they grow. • Abrupt decline in any system is always due to disease and not to normal aging. • Normal aging can be attenuated by modification of risk factors. • In the absence of disease decline in homeostatic reserve causes no symptoms and imposes few restrict ...
des St
... questions of safety or effectiveness because the uses, dose, and route of administration of the proposed drug product are the same as that of the listed drug product. In addition, the petitioner notes that the reference product is approved for use in adults and children 2 years of age and older for ...
... questions of safety or effectiveness because the uses, dose, and route of administration of the proposed drug product are the same as that of the listed drug product. In addition, the petitioner notes that the reference product is approved for use in adults and children 2 years of age and older for ...
powerpoint format
... • Recent activists have tried to change the schedule for Marijuana citing the possible medical benefits of the drug. • Pharmacies do not sell Schedule I drugs, and they are not available with a prescription by physician. ...
... • Recent activists have tried to change the schedule for Marijuana citing the possible medical benefits of the drug. • Pharmacies do not sell Schedule I drugs, and they are not available with a prescription by physician. ...
Chronotherapeutics
... Affect of biological rhythm on cardiovascular diseases A highly significant circadian variation was observed with many adverse cardiovascular events in human body. It was concluded from 30 studies in 66,635 patients that timing of acute myocardial infarction was definite. A forty percent increase in ...
... Affect of biological rhythm on cardiovascular diseases A highly significant circadian variation was observed with many adverse cardiovascular events in human body. It was concluded from 30 studies in 66,635 patients that timing of acute myocardial infarction was definite. A forty percent increase in ...
Part 3. ABSORPTION OF DRUGS X-
... NOTE: Adsorbents (e.g. charcoal) may also be used to increase the elimination of some drugs that are sufficiently lipophilic to diffuse from the blood across the layer of intestinal epithelial cells into the gut, such as phenobarbital, carbamazepine, theophylline. Charcoal in the gut lumen can bind ...
... NOTE: Adsorbents (e.g. charcoal) may also be used to increase the elimination of some drugs that are sufficiently lipophilic to diffuse from the blood across the layer of intestinal epithelial cells into the gut, such as phenobarbital, carbamazepine, theophylline. Charcoal in the gut lumen can bind ...
Half-life of a drug
... Disease state - Alteration in drug distribution during disease states may be due to: Altered albumin and other drug binding protein concentration. Reduced perfusion to organs. Altered tissue pH. * In meningitis and encephalitis, the BBB becomes more permeable and polar antibiotics like penicillin a ...
... Disease state - Alteration in drug distribution during disease states may be due to: Altered albumin and other drug binding protein concentration. Reduced perfusion to organs. Altered tissue pH. * In meningitis and encephalitis, the BBB becomes more permeable and polar antibiotics like penicillin a ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.