ANTIGLAUCOMA MEDICATIONS
... • A greater degree of corneal penetration occurs when a higher concentration of nonionized (lipid soluble) drug exists in the instilled drop • Weak bases absorbed through the cornea at a higher pH, while weak acids are absorbed better at a lower pH ...
... • A greater degree of corneal penetration occurs when a higher concentration of nonionized (lipid soluble) drug exists in the instilled drop • Weak bases absorbed through the cornea at a higher pH, while weak acids are absorbed better at a lower pH ...
Drugs used in Gastrointestinal system disorders
... the medulla of the brain, which is connected by nerve to the chemoreceptor trigger zone(CTZ), cerebral cortex and peripheral receptors in the inner ear, pharynx, GIT, urinary system and heart. The disease of these organs in addition to pain, excitement, fear, drugs, uremia ketonemia endotoxemia and ...
... the medulla of the brain, which is connected by nerve to the chemoreceptor trigger zone(CTZ), cerebral cortex and peripheral receptors in the inner ear, pharynx, GIT, urinary system and heart. The disease of these organs in addition to pain, excitement, fear, drugs, uremia ketonemia endotoxemia and ...
Drugs used in Gastrointestinal system disorders
... the medulla of the brain, which is connected by nerve to the chemoreceptor trigger zone(CTZ), cerebral cortex and peripheral receptors in the inner ear, pharynx, GIT, urinary system and heart. The disease of these organs in addition to pain, excitement, fear, drugs, uremia ketonemia endotoxemia and ...
... the medulla of the brain, which is connected by nerve to the chemoreceptor trigger zone(CTZ), cerebral cortex and peripheral receptors in the inner ear, pharynx, GIT, urinary system and heart. The disease of these organs in addition to pain, excitement, fear, drugs, uremia ketonemia endotoxemia and ...
Drugs used in Gastrointestinal system disorders
... the medulla of the brain, which is connected by nerve to the chemoreceptor trigger zone(CTZ), cerebral cortex and peripheral receptors in the inner ear, pharynx, GIT, urinary system and heart. The disease of these organs in addition to pain, excitement, fear, drugs, uremia ketonemia endotoxemia and ...
... the medulla of the brain, which is connected by nerve to the chemoreceptor trigger zone(CTZ), cerebral cortex and peripheral receptors in the inner ear, pharynx, GIT, urinary system and heart. The disease of these organs in addition to pain, excitement, fear, drugs, uremia ketonemia endotoxemia and ...
THE HORMESIS OF NAGAPARPAM IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED PYELONEPHRITIC MICE Research Article
... Objective Nagaparpam (NP), a herbo-mineral based Siddha medicine is widely used across the various parts of India for the treatment of various gastric ailments and other kidney related diseases. The lack of scientific evidence regarding the toxicity and efficacy of this drug upon prolonged usage by ...
... Objective Nagaparpam (NP), a herbo-mineral based Siddha medicine is widely used across the various parts of India for the treatment of various gastric ailments and other kidney related diseases. The lack of scientific evidence regarding the toxicity and efficacy of this drug upon prolonged usage by ...
Herbal / Drug Interactions PHARM 512: Clinical Applications of Drug
... with Am ginseng (Panax quinquifolius) but maybe not Korean (Panax ginseng). May precipitate hypoglycemia with insulin or oral hypoglycermics. Product selection: product should be standardized so dose is 4-7% ginsenosides/d Questions remaining include: • What, actually is this stuff good for! ...
... with Am ginseng (Panax quinquifolius) but maybe not Korean (Panax ginseng). May precipitate hypoglycemia with insulin or oral hypoglycermics. Product selection: product should be standardized so dose is 4-7% ginsenosides/d Questions remaining include: • What, actually is this stuff good for! ...
Therapeutic drug management: is it the future of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment? Shashikant Srivastava
... when treating patients who are slow to respond to treatment (i.e. malabsorption, inaccurate dosing, altered metabolism, drug–drug interactions [13, 21], or PK variability [25]), have drug-resistant TB, are at risk of drug–drug interactions, have adverse events or intolerance to a given drug when thi ...
... when treating patients who are slow to respond to treatment (i.e. malabsorption, inaccurate dosing, altered metabolism, drug–drug interactions [13, 21], or PK variability [25]), have drug-resistant TB, are at risk of drug–drug interactions, have adverse events or intolerance to a given drug when thi ...
EUROPEAN DRUG REPORT 2016: HIGHLIGHTS EMCDDA
... New drugs: new harms and health alerts Harms related to new drugs in Europe are monitored via the EU Early Warning System (EWS) on new psychoactive substances (NPS). These harms vary in nature but can be serious, including acute poisonings and even deaths. The EMCDDA has issued 34 public health aler ...
... New drugs: new harms and health alerts Harms related to new drugs in Europe are monitored via the EU Early Warning System (EWS) on new psychoactive substances (NPS). These harms vary in nature but can be serious, including acute poisonings and even deaths. The EMCDDA has issued 34 public health aler ...
Preformulation Testing of Solid Dosage Forms
... morphology of the drug particles. In general, each new drug candidate should be tested during preformulation with the smallest particle size as is practical to facilitate preparation of homogeneous samples and maximize the drug's surface area for interactions. • Various chemical and physical propert ...
... morphology of the drug particles. In general, each new drug candidate should be tested during preformulation with the smallest particle size as is practical to facilitate preparation of homogeneous samples and maximize the drug's surface area for interactions. • Various chemical and physical propert ...
Drugs of Abuse
... • Effects on serotonin transmission may play a role in the hallucinogenic and anorexigenic functions as well as in the hyperthermia often caused by amphetamines. ...
... • Effects on serotonin transmission may play a role in the hallucinogenic and anorexigenic functions as well as in the hyperthermia often caused by amphetamines. ...
File carboxylic acids-Chap 10 & 11
... distributed without patent protection. A generic must contain the same active ingredients as the original formulation. In most cases, it is considered bioequivalent to the brand name counterpart with respect to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. By extension, therefore, generics are ass ...
... distributed without patent protection. A generic must contain the same active ingredients as the original formulation. In most cases, it is considered bioequivalent to the brand name counterpart with respect to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. By extension, therefore, generics are ass ...
Concerns of Addiction to Anaesthesiologists in the Perioperative
... cause an exaggerated response and lead to delayed recovery from anesthesia or prolonged respiratory depression requiring post-operative ventilatory support. At the same time, inadequate analgesic dosing can re-activate addiction in abstinent patients. Remifentanil infusion can be beneficial in view ...
... cause an exaggerated response and lead to delayed recovery from anesthesia or prolonged respiratory depression requiring post-operative ventilatory support. At the same time, inadequate analgesic dosing can re-activate addiction in abstinent patients. Remifentanil infusion can be beneficial in view ...
ADRENERGIC SYSTEM - LEC.2 2008
... circulation that will be prominent when B effect are abolished . labetalol ( alpha and beta block ) would be un alternative . 2- NOR- ADRENALINE : 1- it is one of the most commonly used adrenergic agonist drug in therapy .2- it is mainly alpha adrenoceptor agonist , but also affect Beta-1 . Pharmaco ...
... circulation that will be prominent when B effect are abolished . labetalol ( alpha and beta block ) would be un alternative . 2- NOR- ADRENALINE : 1- it is one of the most commonly used adrenergic agonist drug in therapy .2- it is mainly alpha adrenoceptor agonist , but also affect Beta-1 . Pharmaco ...
The benefits of performing studies in fresh human tissue -De
... The use of fresh human native tissues and cell lines are essential to research advancements. Both have their unique benefits. Cell lines are easy to grow and maintain, amend for genetic manipulation and generally are uniform in their responses in assay systems. These benefits have made them invaluab ...
... The use of fresh human native tissues and cell lines are essential to research advancements. Both have their unique benefits. Cell lines are easy to grow and maintain, amend for genetic manipulation and generally are uniform in their responses in assay systems. These benefits have made them invaluab ...
Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine sulfate)
... Effect/clinical comment arrhythmias if PLAQUENIL is used concomitantly with other arrhythmogenic drugs. An increased plasma ciclosporin level was reported when ciclosporin and PLAQUENIL were co-administered. PLAQUENIL may also be subject to several of the known interactions of chloroquine even thoug ...
... Effect/clinical comment arrhythmias if PLAQUENIL is used concomitantly with other arrhythmogenic drugs. An increased plasma ciclosporin level was reported when ciclosporin and PLAQUENIL were co-administered. PLAQUENIL may also be subject to several of the known interactions of chloroquine even thoug ...
Aminoglycosides
... Examples: Chlortetracycline, demeclocyline, oxytetracycline, doxycline*, tetracycline*, minocycline* * semisynthetic ...
... Examples: Chlortetracycline, demeclocyline, oxytetracycline, doxycline*, tetracycline*, minocycline* * semisynthetic ...
Sport Diver Lecture 4
... • Pharmaceuticals are carefully designed to be safe for the treated patient • But: they are also designed to specifically and potently interact with biological molecules i.e. have an effect at low concentrations ...
... • Pharmaceuticals are carefully designed to be safe for the treated patient • But: they are also designed to specifically and potently interact with biological molecules i.e. have an effect at low concentrations ...
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
... thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and nephrotic syndrome have all been observed. Like diclofenac, sulindac may have some propensity to cause elevation of serum aminotransferase; it is also sometimes associated with cholestatic liver damage. Mefenamic Acid Mefenamic acid, another fenamate, possesses ...
... thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and nephrotic syndrome have all been observed. Like diclofenac, sulindac may have some propensity to cause elevation of serum aminotransferase; it is also sometimes associated with cholestatic liver damage. Mefenamic Acid Mefenamic acid, another fenamate, possesses ...
Insight DOA Panel 6.1
... Amphetamine (AMP) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant (psychostimulant), a sympathomimetic amine. AMP may either be taken orally, intravenously or by smoking. AMP is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is then metabolized to either deaminated (hippuric and benzoic acids) and ...
... Amphetamine (AMP) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant (psychostimulant), a sympathomimetic amine. AMP may either be taken orally, intravenously or by smoking. AMP is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is then metabolized to either deaminated (hippuric and benzoic acids) and ...
Call for papers
... Optimization of various process variables were carried out and optimized formulation was found to have particle size of 226±17.61 nm, PDI of 0.343±0.070, zeta potential of +39.9±3.79 mV and encapsulation efficiency of 71.91±3.16%. The developed formulation was further subjected to lyophilization usi ...
... Optimization of various process variables were carried out and optimized formulation was found to have particle size of 226±17.61 nm, PDI of 0.343±0.070, zeta potential of +39.9±3.79 mV and encapsulation efficiency of 71.91±3.16%. The developed formulation was further subjected to lyophilization usi ...
Print this article - Medical Journal of Indonesia
... narrow margin of safety, must be adjusted to therapentic concentration while avoiding toxic effect. Kidney junction is commonly estimated using Cocroft-Gault formula based on serum creatinine, age body weight and gender. Dose adjusment can be done by using a nomograms, calculatingby formula, or base ...
... narrow margin of safety, must be adjusted to therapentic concentration while avoiding toxic effect. Kidney junction is commonly estimated using Cocroft-Gault formula based on serum creatinine, age body weight and gender. Dose adjusment can be done by using a nomograms, calculatingby formula, or base ...
The Dope on Dru ain, Body and Behavior
... Because many of these drugs are colorless, tasteless and odorless, they have been slipped into beverages and taken by unsuspecting individuals. In recent years, their use has been linked with an increasing number of date rapes and other sexual assaults. Although they share the common informal design ...
... Because many of these drugs are colorless, tasteless and odorless, they have been slipped into beverages and taken by unsuspecting individuals. In recent years, their use has been linked with an increasing number of date rapes and other sexual assaults. Although they share the common informal design ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.