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2012 פברואר ה
2012 פברואר ה

... oral use. In the event of accidental ingestion of large quantities of GYNODAKTARIN products, an appropriate method of gastric emptying may be used, if considered necessary. See also Section 4.5, Interactions with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction. ...
Edward B. Silberstein, M.D. University Hospital
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... Positron emitters were discovered in 1928 and the positron camera was introduced in 1963. Almost 35 years later positron emission tomography is defining an important role in the evaluation of cardiac metabolism and blood flow, central nervous system disease and neoplasia. Most PET radiotracers are s ...
Greenlees-web1
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... What Do They Actually DO at CVM... • Evaluate data submitted by pharmaceutical sponsors to demonstrate their veterinary drug (or additive for the animal food) is safe and effective •Present evaluations to pharmaceutical sponsors and, when appropriate, negotiate approaches to address Agency concerns ...
Pharmacology II - 4-12
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Syllabi of Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences in SEMESTER-I (M
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Antiseizure Drugs
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What Does Your Positive Drug Screen Really Tell You?

... b) The term "marihuana" means all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa L., whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds, or resin- but shall not include th ...
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Pharmacogenetics and Individualized Drug Therapy
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... understood. Moreover, most studies have focused on the effect of a single polymorphism on drug response. This approach neglects the fact that drug-response phenotype, like most disease phenotypes, is a complex polygenic trait also determined by nongenetic factors (3) (Figure 1). The extent to which ...
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... If you are currently prescribed any of these medications, you must have your physician call the Express Scripts Prior Authorization Department at (866) 374-5549. If approved, prior authorizations will be set up immediately. If the doctor can not call, he/she may fax a letter of medical necessity, wh ...
Principles of Psychopharmacology in Children And Adolescents
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Print this article
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... due to his chronic renal disease. He was receiving treatment for this anemia (in the form of iron dextran and erythropoietin), and his leukopenia was thought to be unrelated to these drugs. The poor response to erythropoietin was thought to be secondary to chronic kidney rejection, and the response ...
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... suppressive, prophylactic effect that reduces the frequency of acute attacks and relieves pain. Mechanism of action: The drug binds to the tubulin, the tublin is a microtubular protein, causing its depolymerization. This disrupts cellular function i.e, the mobility of granulocytes, thus by decreasin ...
Adrenergic and anti-adrenergic drugs
Adrenergic and anti-adrenergic drugs

High-dose antipsychotic medication
High-dose antipsychotic medication

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Drug interaction



A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.
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