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The Biot-Savart law
The Biot-Savart law

... your fingers, the circulation is positive, and the current that flows in the direction of your thumb is a positive current. Stated one more way: if you walk counter-clockwise around an Amperian loop that lies in the plane of the page, a positive enclosed current points out of the page and will produ ...
I Magnetism in Nature
I Magnetism in Nature

... yet true! It’s also unlike induced magnetic moments, for which a change in orientation of the current loop will change the direction of the induced magnetic moment. The only way to change the orientation of an intrinsic moment is to apply a magnetic field to it. The above expressions for the field c ...
The Titanic and the Wireless
The Titanic and the Wireless

MY-402 (Advanced Materials)
MY-402 (Advanced Materials)

... Properties of magnetic lines of force Let us summarize the properties of magnetic lines of force. 1. They are closed and continuous curves. 2. Outside the magnets, the lines of are directed from the North Pole towards the south pole of the magnet, where as within the magnet the magnetic lines are di ...
Magnetic Magic Teacher Resource Guide
Magnetic Magic Teacher Resource Guide

... Ask the students if anyone has any idea what magnets are and what they can do. Discuss this as a group for a few minutes. Ask the class if they have any ideas about what types of materials magnets are attracted to. Explain that these are their hypotheses and that you are going to conduct an experime ...
Optical Pumping - KFUPM Faculty List
Optical Pumping - KFUPM Faculty List

Circuit Theory I: goals and underlaying assumptions
Circuit Theory I: goals and underlaying assumptions

Electron Spin Resonance
Electron Spin Resonance

doc
doc

... where g is called “the electron spin g-factor” and is equal to 2.00232. The precise value of g was predicted by relativistic quantum mechanics and was measured in the Lamb shift experiment. The electron spin magnetic moment is important in the spin-orbit interaction which splits atomic energy levels ...
Lenz`s Law
Lenz`s Law

Appl. Phys. Lett. 106, 171110
Appl. Phys. Lett. 106, 171110

chapter30
chapter30

... Figure (a) shows the magnetic field lines surrounding a current loop Figure (b) shows the field lines in the iron filings Figure (c) compares the field lines to that of a bar ...
Lecture 1: Introduction to Electromagnetism
Lecture 1: Introduction to Electromagnetism

magnetic-properties
magnetic-properties

ELECTRODYNAMICS
ELECTRODYNAMICS

... Step 3: The commutator makes contact with the brushes again, but the current in the coil is reversed (in the direction abcd). This allows the torque to continue acting in the same direction. The side ab now experiences a downward force, and side cd an upward force. Step 4: The coil continues to rota ...
Disputes exist in Electromagnetic Induction
Disputes exist in Electromagnetic Induction

... movement of the magnet with the bending magnetic force line, the change of magnetic field intensity leads to vortex electric field E ,so the contour integral of the free-space is just the electromotive force of Faraday’s Law. That is to say that Maxwell’s vortex electric field comes from the conclus ...
Chemical work
Chemical work

Chapter 12 Review, pages 580–585
Chapter 12 Review, pages 580–585

... pointed in the same direction as the magnetic field lines between the external magnets. This causes a repulsion force on the conductor that is directed downward. The magnetic field lines below the conductor are pointed in the opposite direction to the magnetic field lines between the external magnet ...
PY2T10 Electricity and Magnetism Dr. Charles Patterson
PY2T10 Electricity and Magnetism Dr. Charles Patterson

Nanostorage - Max-Planck
Nanostorage - Max-Planck

Investigation 1: The force
Investigation 1: The force

MAGNET MADNESS
MAGNET MADNESS

PHET Magnetism
PHET Magnetism

Ch. 29 and 30 notes
Ch. 29 and 30 notes

Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic Induction

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Force between magnets



Magnets exert forces and torques on each other due to the complex rules of electromagnetism. The forces of attraction field of magnets are due to microscopic currents of electrically charged electrons orbiting nuclei and the intrinsic magnetism of fundamental particles (such as electrons) that make up the material. Both of these are modeled quite well as tiny loops of current called magnetic dipoles that produce their own magnetic field and are affected by external magnetic fields. The most elementary force between magnets, therefore, is the magnetic dipole–dipole interaction. If all of the magnetic dipoles that make up two magnets are known then the net force on both magnets can be determined by summing up all these interactions between the dipoles of the first magnet and that of the second.It is always more convenient to model the force between two magnets as being due to forces between magnetic poles having magnetic charges 'smeared' over them. Such a model fails to account for many important properties of magnetism such as the relationship between angular momentum and magnetic dipoles. Further, magnetic charge does not exist. This model works quite well, though, in predicting the forces between simple magnets where good models of how the 'magnetic charge' is distributed is available.
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