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File - Mr. Walsh`s AP Chemistry
... o Ionic compounds are soluble in water if the sum of all of their attractions to the water molecules is greater than their attraction to each other. A good rule of thumb (though there are exceptions) is that almost all compounds with alkali metal and halogen ions are soluble. Most (but not all) comp ...
... o Ionic compounds are soluble in water if the sum of all of their attractions to the water molecules is greater than their attraction to each other. A good rule of thumb (though there are exceptions) is that almost all compounds with alkali metal and halogen ions are soluble. Most (but not all) comp ...
CHM1045 - Michael Blaber
... E = h * (the relationship between energy and frequency for electromagnetic radiation En = -RH / n2 or En = -B / n2 (the relationship between the energy of an electron in Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, and the orbit number of the electron) Elevel = RH * (1/ni2 - 1/nf2) or En = B * (1/ni2 - 1/n ...
... E = h * (the relationship between energy and frequency for electromagnetic radiation En = -RH / n2 or En = -B / n2 (the relationship between the energy of an electron in Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, and the orbit number of the electron) Elevel = RH * (1/ni2 - 1/nf2) or En = B * (1/ni2 - 1/n ...
Document
... Valence Bond Theory: A quantum mechanical model which shows how electron pairs are shared in a covalent bond. ◦ Bond forms between two atoms when the following conditions are met: ◦ Covalent bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals, each of which contains one electron of opposite spin. ◦ Each ...
... Valence Bond Theory: A quantum mechanical model which shows how electron pairs are shared in a covalent bond. ◦ Bond forms between two atoms when the following conditions are met: ◦ Covalent bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals, each of which contains one electron of opposite spin. ◦ Each ...
Quantum mechanics
... – Instead, we imagine each electron interacting with a static field of all of the other electrons – According to the variational principle, the lowest energy will can get with HF theory will always be greater than the true energy of the system • The difference is the correlation energy ...
... – Instead, we imagine each electron interacting with a static field of all of the other electrons – According to the variational principle, the lowest energy will can get with HF theory will always be greater than the true energy of the system • The difference is the correlation energy ...
PowerPoint - Balancing Equations
... – Chemical reactions occur when bonds between the outermost parts of atoms are formed or broken – Chemical reactions involve changes in matter, the making of new materials with new properties, and energy changes. – Symbols represent elements, formulas describe compounds, chemical equations describe ...
... – Chemical reactions occur when bonds between the outermost parts of atoms are formed or broken – Chemical reactions involve changes in matter, the making of new materials with new properties, and energy changes. – Symbols represent elements, formulas describe compounds, chemical equations describe ...
Atomic Orbitals
... Valence electrons – electrons in the outermost (highest) principal energy level of an atom Core electrons – inner electrons Elements with the same valence electron arrangement show very similar chemical behavior. ...
... Valence electrons – electrons in the outermost (highest) principal energy level of an atom Core electrons – inner electrons Elements with the same valence electron arrangement show very similar chemical behavior. ...
Notes for powerpoint and worksheets PDF
... Polyatomic ions are ions made of many atoms and usually have parenthesis around them How are compound named? (Type I & II) all metals (cations) use the _______________________________________________________ all non metal ions (anions) use the ___________________________________________________ ...
... Polyatomic ions are ions made of many atoms and usually have parenthesis around them How are compound named? (Type I & II) all metals (cations) use the _______________________________________________________ all non metal ions (anions) use the ___________________________________________________ ...
Document
... we can drag them on surfaces to make quantum corrals, and even hold an individual atom indefinitely in a trap in order to study its properties when isolated. ...
... we can drag them on surfaces to make quantum corrals, and even hold an individual atom indefinitely in a trap in order to study its properties when isolated. ...
2009-10 Chemistry 1st Semester Final Exam Topics and Review
... Matter- elements and compounds, mixtures and pure substances Elements, atoms, atomic structure- parts, location, charges, and masses. For any atom, ion, or isotope be able to identify: atomic number, mass number (atomic mass), # protons, # electrons, # neutrons 10. Periodic Table: what is found wher ...
... Matter- elements and compounds, mixtures and pure substances Elements, atoms, atomic structure- parts, location, charges, and masses. For any atom, ion, or isotope be able to identify: atomic number, mass number (atomic mass), # protons, # electrons, # neutrons 10. Periodic Table: what is found wher ...
AP Chemistry Summer Packet More Chapter Two and Chapter
... 85. The smallest whole number ratio that atoms combine in to form a compound is known as the a. molecular formula b. actual formula c. empirical formula d. primary formula e. non of the above 86. A 136.0584 g sample of a compound is analyzed and found to contain just hydrogen and oxygen. It was dete ...
... 85. The smallest whole number ratio that atoms combine in to form a compound is known as the a. molecular formula b. actual formula c. empirical formula d. primary formula e. non of the above 86. A 136.0584 g sample of a compound is analyzed and found to contain just hydrogen and oxygen. It was dete ...
Notes matter energy
... number and type of atoms in a molecule. For example, H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) is the formula for a molecule because it consists of only nonmetals. The molecule is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms, 1 sulfur atom, and 4 oxygen atoms (and 7 total atoms). Subscripts indicate the number of atoms in the formula ( ...
... number and type of atoms in a molecule. For example, H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) is the formula for a molecule because it consists of only nonmetals. The molecule is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms, 1 sulfur atom, and 4 oxygen atoms (and 7 total atoms). Subscripts indicate the number of atoms in the formula ( ...
Standard 4 notes
... chemical reaction. It is a physical reaction because the water molecules do not split into hydrogen and oxygen. It is still water—its just water in the form of a gas. Reactants are the chemicals before the reaction takes place and products are produced after the reaction has taken place. Usually the ...
... chemical reaction. It is a physical reaction because the water molecules do not split into hydrogen and oxygen. It is still water—its just water in the form of a gas. Reactants are the chemicals before the reaction takes place and products are produced after the reaction has taken place. Usually the ...
Electron Configuration
... 16. Plank was able to predict how the emission of different colors of light was produced when heating objects. As molecules were agitated they shifted in speed and in wavelength producing different colors. In other words, he found the relationship that exists between the frequency and wavelength of ...
... 16. Plank was able to predict how the emission of different colors of light was produced when heating objects. As molecules were agitated they shifted in speed and in wavelength producing different colors. In other words, he found the relationship that exists between the frequency and wavelength of ...
Student - Davison Chemistry Website
... 3. Each level has a certain amount of energy associated with it and the electrons can only jump levels if they gain or lose energy 4. Lowest energy levels closest to nucleus a. In the ____________________________ for an atom, electrons are at their lowest, most stable energy levels. ...
... 3. Each level has a certain amount of energy associated with it and the electrons can only jump levels if they gain or lose energy 4. Lowest energy levels closest to nucleus a. In the ____________________________ for an atom, electrons are at their lowest, most stable energy levels. ...
molecular geometry
... work well in some cases (resonance structures are one example). There are two general methods that use quantum mechanics to improve on the Lewis dot structure method: Valence Bond theory - Discusses bond formation in terms of overlap of atomic orbitals (often hybrid orbitals). Molecular Orbital theo ...
... work well in some cases (resonance structures are one example). There are two general methods that use quantum mechanics to improve on the Lewis dot structure method: Valence Bond theory - Discusses bond formation in terms of overlap of atomic orbitals (often hybrid orbitals). Molecular Orbital theo ...
Valence Bond theory
... work well in some cases (resonance structures are one example). There are two general methods that use quantum mechanics to improve on the Lewis dot structure method: Valence Bond theory - Discusses bond formation in terms of overlap of atomic orbitals (often hybrid orbitals). Molecular Orbital theo ...
... work well in some cases (resonance structures are one example). There are two general methods that use quantum mechanics to improve on the Lewis dot structure method: Valence Bond theory - Discusses bond formation in terms of overlap of atomic orbitals (often hybrid orbitals). Molecular Orbital theo ...
Review for Chapter 3: Atoms, Electrons and Periodic Trends Text
... 4c) Einstein supported Planck’s idea that energy had particle-like properties and was quantized, so energy came in certain amounts. Einstein found that light (a form of energy) is also quantized and suggested that the packages of energy were actually photons (particles) of light. 4d) Heisenberg stat ...
... 4c) Einstein supported Planck’s idea that energy had particle-like properties and was quantized, so energy came in certain amounts. Einstein found that light (a form of energy) is also quantized and suggested that the packages of energy were actually photons (particles) of light. 4d) Heisenberg stat ...
Unit 01 Qual Chem
... Physical Change = a change that does not alter the identity of a substance (shape, size, state) Chemical Change = a change in which one or more substances are converted into substances with different chemical properties ...
... Physical Change = a change that does not alter the identity of a substance (shape, size, state) Chemical Change = a change in which one or more substances are converted into substances with different chemical properties ...
Unit 1: Kinematics - Pre University Courses
... (b) Answers may vary. Students should add the following information to their concept maps: Louis de Broglie believed that all entities have wave-like properties but these properties are only significant and measureable for tiny, fast-moving particles like the electron. Erwin Schrödinger imagined el ...
... (b) Answers may vary. Students should add the following information to their concept maps: Louis de Broglie believed that all entities have wave-like properties but these properties are only significant and measureable for tiny, fast-moving particles like the electron. Erwin Schrödinger imagined el ...
Tutorial 1
... typical reaction is that between lithium and water. Li (s) + H2O (l) LiOH (aq) + H2 (g) (not balanced) a. How many moles of H2 will be formed by the complete reaction of 6.23 moles of Li with water? b. How many grams of H2 will be formed by the complete reaction of 80.57 g of Li with water? c. How ...
... typical reaction is that between lithium and water. Li (s) + H2O (l) LiOH (aq) + H2 (g) (not balanced) a. How many moles of H2 will be formed by the complete reaction of 6.23 moles of Li with water? b. How many grams of H2 will be formed by the complete reaction of 80.57 g of Li with water? c. How ...
Problem set-Unit 1 Structures
... Application [28 marks] 17. Theories and tools such as VSEPR and the vector addition of bond dipoles are tested by their ability to predict the actual observed nature of molecules. Explain why the following molecules are polar or nonpolar. a) beryllium bromide (BeBr2 (s)); non-polar ...
... Application [28 marks] 17. Theories and tools such as VSEPR and the vector addition of bond dipoles are tested by their ability to predict the actual observed nature of molecules. Explain why the following molecules are polar or nonpolar. a) beryllium bromide (BeBr2 (s)); non-polar ...
Problem Set - Structures and Properties Unit v. 0914
... Application [28 marks] 17. Theories and tools such as VSEPR and the vector addition of bond dipoles are tested by their ability to predict the actual observed nature of molecules. Explain why the following molecules are polar or nonpolar. a) beryllium bromide (BeBr2 (s)); non-polar ...
... Application [28 marks] 17. Theories and tools such as VSEPR and the vector addition of bond dipoles are tested by their ability to predict the actual observed nature of molecules. Explain why the following molecules are polar or nonpolar. a) beryllium bromide (BeBr2 (s)); non-polar ...
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.