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41 Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 The Nuclear Atom J. J. Thomson
... In the Thomson model, the electric charge is smeared out over the atomic volume, and no (or very weak) interaction is expected between the charged alpha particles and the gold atoms. That's because there is no local electric field to deflect a charged particle. Most of the alpha particles went on th ...
... In the Thomson model, the electric charge is smeared out over the atomic volume, and no (or very weak) interaction is expected between the charged alpha particles and the gold atoms. That's because there is no local electric field to deflect a charged particle. Most of the alpha particles went on th ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
... number A=37 has na abundance of 24.6%.The resulting relative atomic mass of the isotope mixture is Arel=35.457. There are elements with only one stable isotope,for example ; and others with two stable isotopes, ...
... number A=37 has na abundance of 24.6%.The resulting relative atomic mass of the isotope mixture is Arel=35.457. There are elements with only one stable isotope,for example ; and others with two stable isotopes, ...
Group II Elements - Innovative Education.org
... Electronegativity measures the pull of an atom of an element on the electrons in a chemical bond (covalent). The stronger its pulling power the higher its electronegativity. Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period. As the nuclear charge increases from one element to the next a ...
... Electronegativity measures the pull of an atom of an element on the electrons in a chemical bond (covalent). The stronger its pulling power the higher its electronegativity. Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period. As the nuclear charge increases from one element to the next a ...
Molecules and Ions
... Ionic formulas ALWAYS have a ZERO net charge – i.e. the (+) and (-) ionic charges in ANY formula cancel. If the above rule is followed, the ionic compound must exist and is probably sitting on a shelf in the chemistry stock room! Task: Construct and name as many ionic compounds as possible from the ...
... Ionic formulas ALWAYS have a ZERO net charge – i.e. the (+) and (-) ionic charges in ANY formula cancel. If the above rule is followed, the ionic compound must exist and is probably sitting on a shelf in the chemistry stock room! Task: Construct and name as many ionic compounds as possible from the ...
Document
... energies for the same value of n. The main criterion is how close the electrons get to the nucleus. The closer the electrons get to the nucleus, the higher Zeff is and the lower (more negative) the energy. ...
... energies for the same value of n. The main criterion is how close the electrons get to the nucleus. The closer the electrons get to the nucleus, the higher Zeff is and the lower (more negative) the energy. ...
Molecules and Ions
... Ionic formulas ALWAYS have a ZERO net charge – i.e. the (+) and (-) ionic charges in ANY formula cancel. If the above rule is followed, the ionic compound must exist and is probably sitting on a shelf in the chemistry stock room! Task: Construct and name as many ionic compounds as possible from the ...
... Ionic formulas ALWAYS have a ZERO net charge – i.e. the (+) and (-) ionic charges in ANY formula cancel. If the above rule is followed, the ionic compound must exist and is probably sitting on a shelf in the chemistry stock room! Task: Construct and name as many ionic compounds as possible from the ...
BEC - Triumf
... C. Energies of electrons in atoms Electron held in an atom is in very small container. Bigger energy gaps. Slightly different for each atom. Can only absorb exact amount of energy needed to jump to higher level (color of light) Can only give off exact amount of energy (light of particular color) ...
... C. Energies of electrons in atoms Electron held in an atom is in very small container. Bigger energy gaps. Slightly different for each atom. Can only absorb exact amount of energy needed to jump to higher level (color of light) Can only give off exact amount of energy (light of particular color) ...
quantum numbers - misshoughton.net
... these diagrams indicate which orbital energy levels are occupied by electrons for an atom or ion In fig.2 on p. 187, as atoms become larger & the main energy levels come closer, some sublevels may overlap Generally the sublevels for a particular value of n, increase in energy in the order of s ...
... these diagrams indicate which orbital energy levels are occupied by electrons for an atom or ion In fig.2 on p. 187, as atoms become larger & the main energy levels come closer, some sublevels may overlap Generally the sublevels for a particular value of n, increase in energy in the order of s ...
A Bose-Einstein Condensate of Metastable Atoms
... Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of helium in its ground electronic state has been known for decades and is responsible for many extraordinary properties of liquid helium. We have in our laboratory observed BEC of a helium gas, where the atomic state is the metastable triplet state (He∗ ). Today, on ...
... Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of helium in its ground electronic state has been known for decades and is responsible for many extraordinary properties of liquid helium. We have in our laboratory observed BEC of a helium gas, where the atomic state is the metastable triplet state (He∗ ). Today, on ...
Chemistry IGCSE Revision PDF File
... If a metal is more reactive than hydrogen its ions stay in solution and hydrogen bubbles off ...
... If a metal is more reactive than hydrogen its ions stay in solution and hydrogen bubbles off ...
CHAPTER 2: ATOMS, MOLECULES AND IONS ULES AND IONS
... Molecules: Two or more atoms (same or different type of atoms) join together by chemical force to form molecules. ...
... Molecules: Two or more atoms (same or different type of atoms) join together by chemical force to form molecules. ...
CHM2C1-B Physical Spectroscopy
... Where, in the above argument, is the Pauli exclusion principle applied? 2. Will the three electrons in the P 3p atomic orbitals possess the same or different values of the spin quantum number? p.21, right col. 1. Values of Z for Li, Na, K and Rb are 3, 11, 19 and 37 respectively. Write down their gr ...
... Where, in the above argument, is the Pauli exclusion principle applied? 2. Will the three electrons in the P 3p atomic orbitals possess the same or different values of the spin quantum number? p.21, right col. 1. Values of Z for Li, Na, K and Rb are 3, 11, 19 and 37 respectively. Write down their gr ...
Thursday, January 22
... 2100 cm2 (2 significant figures) 2060 cm2 (3 significant figures) 2.10 x 103 cm2 (3 significant figures) 2060. cm2 (4 significant figures) ...
... 2100 cm2 (2 significant figures) 2060 cm2 (3 significant figures) 2.10 x 103 cm2 (3 significant figures) 2060. cm2 (4 significant figures) ...
An Overview of Computational Chemistry
... Since the motions of the electrons and nuclei are on different time scales, the kinetic energy of the nuclei can be treated separately. This is the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. As a result, the electronic wave function depends only on the positions of the nuclei. ...
... Since the motions of the electrons and nuclei are on different time scales, the kinetic energy of the nuclei can be treated separately. This is the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. As a result, the electronic wave function depends only on the positions of the nuclei. ...
Slide 2.1 - Cloudfront.net
... • Can be separated by physical means • Evaporation, filtration, distillation, centrifugation, etc. ...
... • Can be separated by physical means • Evaporation, filtration, distillation, centrifugation, etc. ...
3. Electronic structure of atoms
... systems, where the degenerate orbitals are not fully occupied. In this case one can construct several states for the same configuration, i.e. configuration is not sufficient to represent the atomic state. Example: carbon atom 1s2 2s2 2p2 2p is open subshell, since only two electrons are there for si ...
... systems, where the degenerate orbitals are not fully occupied. In this case one can construct several states for the same configuration, i.e. configuration is not sufficient to represent the atomic state. Example: carbon atom 1s2 2s2 2p2 2p is open subshell, since only two electrons are there for si ...
CHEMISTRY 11 Unit 4 Assignment - The Mole
... 1. Convert 9.8 x 1024 molecules of C2H6 to grams. (2) ...
... 1. Convert 9.8 x 1024 molecules of C2H6 to grams. (2) ...
ATOMIC STRUCTURE Chapter 7
... Atomic Spectra and Bohr Model (2) • Bohr said classical view is wrong. • Need a new theory — now called QUANTUM or WAVE MECHANICS. • e- can only exist in certain discrete orbits — called stationary states. • e- is restricted to QUANTIZED energy states. ...
... Atomic Spectra and Bohr Model (2) • Bohr said classical view is wrong. • Need a new theory — now called QUANTUM or WAVE MECHANICS. • e- can only exist in certain discrete orbits — called stationary states. • e- is restricted to QUANTIZED energy states. ...
Chemistry CPA Mid-Term Exam Study Guide January 2012
... halogens, noble gases. Be able to identify an element given its electron configuration. Be able to explain shielding effect and how shielding affects the trends in ionization energy, electronegativity, atomic radius. Know the general trend for first and second ionization energies. Describe t ...
... halogens, noble gases. Be able to identify an element given its electron configuration. Be able to explain shielding effect and how shielding affects the trends in ionization energy, electronegativity, atomic radius. Know the general trend for first and second ionization energies. Describe t ...
Hwk Set #14 - Publisher`s solutions
... The red-orange colors in the neon emission spectrum are due to transitions from excited 3p states to the lower energy but still excited 3s states. This occurs because the ground states are collisionally excited by the electrical discharge. The absorption spectrum of a gas consists of only those spec ...
... The red-orange colors in the neon emission spectrum are due to transitions from excited 3p states to the lower energy but still excited 3s states. This occurs because the ground states are collisionally excited by the electrical discharge. The absorption spectrum of a gas consists of only those spec ...
atom a very small particle that makes up most kinds of matters and
... good conductor of heat and electricity element that shares some properties with metals and nonmetals, it is a solid a room ...
... good conductor of heat and electricity element that shares some properties with metals and nonmetals, it is a solid a room ...
File
... chemical equation. How many grams of acetylene are produced by adding excess water to 5.00 grams of calcium carbide? 46. Using the equation you balanced in the problem above, determine how many moles of calcium carbide are needed to react completely with 49.0 grams of H2O. 47. The last step in the p ...
... chemical equation. How many grams of acetylene are produced by adding excess water to 5.00 grams of calcium carbide? 46. Using the equation you balanced in the problem above, determine how many moles of calcium carbide are needed to react completely with 49.0 grams of H2O. 47. The last step in the p ...
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.