Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement
... this also. Molecules hit each other and break the bonds holding atoms together and then new bonds can form. Put equation on board. ...
... this also. Molecules hit each other and break the bonds holding atoms together and then new bonds can form. Put equation on board. ...
1. What is a Chemical Reaction?
... • A chemical reaction is the process by which atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances(s) with new chemical and physical properties. • A chemical reaction is another name for a chemical change. • When substances chemically react, observations can be made that provi ...
... • A chemical reaction is the process by which atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances(s) with new chemical and physical properties. • A chemical reaction is another name for a chemical change. • When substances chemically react, observations can be made that provi ...
Lecture 6
... 4 atoms of iron react with 3 molecules of oxygen to produce 2 molecules of iron(III) oxide This equation can be read in “moles” by placing the words “moles of” between each coefficient and formula. 4 moles of Fe + 3 moles of O2 ...
... 4 atoms of iron react with 3 molecules of oxygen to produce 2 molecules of iron(III) oxide This equation can be read in “moles” by placing the words “moles of” between each coefficient and formula. 4 moles of Fe + 3 moles of O2 ...
C1 – Air and water information
... Explanations include ideas about early volcanic activity followed by cooling of the Earth resulting in formation of the oceans. The evolution of photosynthesising organisms, formation of sedimentary rocks, oil and gas, and the evolution of animals led to changes in the amounts of carbon dioxide and ...
... Explanations include ideas about early volcanic activity followed by cooling of the Earth resulting in formation of the oceans. The evolution of photosynthesising organisms, formation of sedimentary rocks, oil and gas, and the evolution of animals led to changes in the amounts of carbon dioxide and ...
Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry
... When a hydrocarbon is fully combusted, the mass of water and carbon dioxide collected can be used directly to determine the amount of carbon and hydrogen in the original compound. ...
... When a hydrocarbon is fully combusted, the mass of water and carbon dioxide collected can be used directly to determine the amount of carbon and hydrogen in the original compound. ...
Precipitation Reactions
... one acidic hydrogen to form a neutral compound (acid). •These acids are called polyprotic (diprotic, triprotic, et cet.) •It is possible to remove only one of the multiple acidic hydrogens. In that case, the created anion is itself acidic. ...
... one acidic hydrogen to form a neutral compound (acid). •These acids are called polyprotic (diprotic, triprotic, et cet.) •It is possible to remove only one of the multiple acidic hydrogens. In that case, the created anion is itself acidic. ...
Exam Review - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... b) a series of bright lines. c) a single series of lines with constant line spacings. d) several series of continuous spectrum. 32. Niels Bohr theorized that a) energy is released when an electron jumps to a lower energy level. b) electrons travel in circular paths called orbitals. c) the energy of ...
... b) a series of bright lines. c) a single series of lines with constant line spacings. d) several series of continuous spectrum. 32. Niels Bohr theorized that a) energy is released when an electron jumps to a lower energy level. b) electrons travel in circular paths called orbitals. c) the energy of ...
97KB - NZQA
... The colourless solution of hydrogen peroxide, when black MnO2 is added, would produce a colourless liquid of water, and bubbles of colourless oxygen gas would form and it would get warm. This reaction is a decomposition reaction, as a single reactant (hydrogen peroxide) forms two products (water and ...
... The colourless solution of hydrogen peroxide, when black MnO2 is added, would produce a colourless liquid of water, and bubbles of colourless oxygen gas would form and it would get warm. This reaction is a decomposition reaction, as a single reactant (hydrogen peroxide) forms two products (water and ...
Matter, Mass and Weight
... element is represented by a symbol: H for hydrogen, O for oxygen, C for carbon, Cl for chlorine. Some elements are not stable as a single atoms but form stable units called molecules. Symbols for hydrogen and oxygen are H and O but their molecular formulas are H2 and O2 A compound is a pure substanc ...
... element is represented by a symbol: H for hydrogen, O for oxygen, C for carbon, Cl for chlorine. Some elements are not stable as a single atoms but form stable units called molecules. Symbols for hydrogen and oxygen are H and O but their molecular formulas are H2 and O2 A compound is a pure substanc ...
Properties of Metals vs. Nonmetals vs. Metalloids
... Atomic number = _____, Mass number = _____, # of protons = _____, # of electrons = _____, # of neutrons = _____. Atomic Masses: What is the difference between the mass number for Carbon–14 and carbon’s atomic mass of 12.011 amu? Calculate the atomic mass of lithium is one isotope has a mass ...
... Atomic number = _____, Mass number = _____, # of protons = _____, # of electrons = _____, # of neutrons = _____. Atomic Masses: What is the difference between the mass number for Carbon–14 and carbon’s atomic mass of 12.011 amu? Calculate the atomic mass of lithium is one isotope has a mass ...
Properties of Metals vs. Nonmetals vs. Metalloids
... Atomic number = _____, Mass number = _____, # of protons = _____, # of electrons = _____, # of neutrons = _____. Atomic Masses: What is the difference between the mass number for Carbon–14 and carbon’s atomic mass of 12.011 amu? Calculate the atomic mass of lithium is one isotope has a mass ...
... Atomic number = _____, Mass number = _____, # of protons = _____, # of electrons = _____, # of neutrons = _____. Atomic Masses: What is the difference between the mass number for Carbon–14 and carbon’s atomic mass of 12.011 amu? Calculate the atomic mass of lithium is one isotope has a mass ...
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements where both electronic and nuclear changes may occur.The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized by a chemical change, and they yield one or more products, which usually have properties different from the reactants. Reactions often consist of a sequence of individual sub-steps, the so-called elementary reactions, and the information on the precise course of action is part of the reaction mechanism. Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations, which symbolically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes intermediate products and reaction conditions.Chemical reactions happen at a characteristic reaction rate at a given temperature and chemical concentration. Typically, reaction rates increase with increasing temperature because there is more thermal energy available to reach the activation energy necessary for breaking bonds between atoms.Reactions may proceed in the forward or reverse direction until they go to completion or reach equilibrium. Reactions that proceed in the forward direction to approach equilibrium are often described as spontaneous, requiring no input of free energy to go forward. Non-spontaneous reactions require input of free energy to go forward (examples include charging a battery by applying an external electrical power source, or photosynthesis driven by absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the form of sunlight).Different chemical reactions are used in combinations during chemical synthesis in order to obtain a desired product. In biochemistry, a consecutive series of chemical reactions (where the product of one reaction is the reactant of the next reaction) form metabolic pathways. These reactions are often catalyzed by protein enzymes. Enzymes increase the rates of biochemical reactions, so that metabolic syntheses and decompositions impossible under ordinary conditions can occur at the temperatures and concentrations present within a cell.The general concept of a chemical reaction has been extended to reactions between entities smaller than atoms, including nuclear reactions, radioactive decays, and reactions between elementary particles as described by quantum field theory.