continuous vs discrete processes: the
... The probability for the atom to follow the first route is obtained by multiplying p(A|Ψ) by the transition probability p(AA), i.e. 1/5 1/2 = 1/10. The probability of the second route is p(B|Ψ) p(BA) = 4/5 1/3 = 4/15. Since the two routes are mutually exclusive, we add 1/10 and 4/15 to get th ...
... The probability for the atom to follow the first route is obtained by multiplying p(A|Ψ) by the transition probability p(AA), i.e. 1/5 1/2 = 1/10. The probability of the second route is p(B|Ψ) p(BA) = 4/5 1/3 = 4/15. Since the two routes are mutually exclusive, we add 1/10 and 4/15 to get th ...
Magnetic impurity formation in quantum point contacts Tomazˇ Rejec & Yigal Meir
... In an external in-plane magnetic field, the energies of transverse modes for the two spin components split. The resulting polarized non-degenerate solution does not generally support a quasi-bound state. However, as shown in Fig. 4a, at a particular value of the field the energy of spin-up electrons ...
... In an external in-plane magnetic field, the energies of transverse modes for the two spin components split. The resulting polarized non-degenerate solution does not generally support a quasi-bound state. However, as shown in Fig. 4a, at a particular value of the field the energy of spin-up electrons ...
Electric-field-driven electron-transfer in mixed
... coupling. The operation of such a device relies on nonequilibrium electron transfer (ET), whereby the time-varying electric field of one molecule induces an ET event in a neighboring molecule. The magnitude of the electric fields can be quite large because of close spatial proximity, and the induced ...
... coupling. The operation of such a device relies on nonequilibrium electron transfer (ET), whereby the time-varying electric field of one molecule induces an ET event in a neighboring molecule. The magnitude of the electric fields can be quite large because of close spatial proximity, and the induced ...
Introduction - Wave Structure of Matter (WSM)
... Before the WSM, that fact that spin in say a heavy proton, is the same as in a small mass electron has been a mystery. If one uses a discrete particle model (as in the current Standard Model) conventional physicists calculate that a heavy proton should have a much larger angular momentum (spin) than ...
... Before the WSM, that fact that spin in say a heavy proton, is the same as in a small mass electron has been a mystery. If one uses a discrete particle model (as in the current Standard Model) conventional physicists calculate that a heavy proton should have a much larger angular momentum (spin) than ...
Covalent Bonding - whitburnscience
... size of the molecule increases, it is these forces that enable us to liquefy and solidify gases. We can also say that since the electrons are held tightly in a bond and because covalent compounds are electrically neutral they do not conduct electricity; this is because there are no free electrons to ...
... size of the molecule increases, it is these forces that enable us to liquefy and solidify gases. We can also say that since the electrons are held tightly in a bond and because covalent compounds are electrically neutral they do not conduct electricity; this is because there are no free electrons to ...
Electromagnetically induced transparency inside the laser cavity: Switch between first-order
... phase transition because it is the only parameter not in the expression of C4. So we can compare the criterion C4 = 0 to the numerical results. Without that purpose other parameters may also be used as the variable, for example, the effective number density of the gain medium. It is proportional to ...
... phase transition because it is the only parameter not in the expression of C4. So we can compare the criterion C4 = 0 to the numerical results. Without that purpose other parameters may also be used as the variable, for example, the effective number density of the gain medium. It is proportional to ...
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
... This section is meant to provide an overview of the properties of atomic potassium to be used in ultracold gases experiments. A very thorough review of the properties of lithium has been given in the thesis of Michael Gehm [208, 209]. The properties of potassium are well discussed in the thesis of R ...
... This section is meant to provide an overview of the properties of atomic potassium to be used in ultracold gases experiments. A very thorough review of the properties of lithium has been given in the thesis of Michael Gehm [208, 209]. The properties of potassium are well discussed in the thesis of R ...
Teleportation of an atomic state between two cavities using nonlocal
... strong coupling to microwaves and their very long radiative decay times, circular levels are ideally suited [11]for preparing and detecting long-lived correlations between atom and field states. Atoms in circular Rydberg states, which can be prepared on each beam at a given time with a well-defined ...
... strong coupling to microwaves and their very long radiative decay times, circular levels are ideally suited [11]for preparing and detecting long-lived correlations between atom and field states. Atoms in circular Rydberg states, which can be prepared on each beam at a given time with a well-defined ...
optical_sensors_12sept
... • The emission spectrum from an exited material (flame, electric discharge) consists of sharp spectral lines • Each atom has its own characteristic spectrum. • Hydrogen has four spectral lines in the visible region and many UV and IR lines not visible to the human eye • The wave picture of electroma ...
... • The emission spectrum from an exited material (flame, electric discharge) consists of sharp spectral lines • Each atom has its own characteristic spectrum. • Hydrogen has four spectral lines in the visible region and many UV and IR lines not visible to the human eye • The wave picture of electroma ...
s_block - ilc.edu.hk
... Reasons : 1. Absence of low-lying vacant d-orbtals to accept lone pairs from ligands. For Na+, 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s, 3p, 3d High-lying relative to 2p ...
... Reasons : 1. Absence of low-lying vacant d-orbtals to accept lone pairs from ligands. For Na+, 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s, 3p, 3d High-lying relative to 2p ...
Ionization
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with sub atomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules and ions, or through the interaction with light. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.