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Data Sheet  Features
Data Sheet Features

... VFB drop under 0.4V, the chip will enter soft-start mode to protect itself, when short circuit is removed, and VFB rise over 0.4V, the AP3431 recover back to normal operation again. If the AP3431 reach OCP threshold while short circuit, the AP3431 will enter soft-start cycle until the current under ...
A New Single-Stage Small Power MH lamp Electronic Ballast
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... [1,2]. Currently, three-stage technology has become more mature. The current total harmonic distortion of this circuit usually is lower than 5%, with power factor close to 1. Because bus volt- ...
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... Electrolytic capacitors are available in very large values, such as 100,000 F. Arrow printed on the case points toward Unlike most other negative lead. capacitors, they are polarized: one side must remain positive with respect to the other. Therefore . . . ...
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... What happens to the total circuit current if one lamp in a three-lamp series circuit burns out? What happens to the total circuit current if one lamp in a three-lamp parallel circuit burns out? If all you had were 6V bulbs (bulbs that will break if they have more than 6V across them), would it be po ...
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... shown in Figure 11A. The horizontal scale is analog input voltage and the particular points labeled are in steps of 1 LSB (19.53mV with 2.5V tied to the VREF/2 pin). The digital output codes which correspond to these inputs are shown as D-1, D, and D+1. For the perfect A/D, not only will center-valu ...
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Operational amplifier



An operational amplifier (""op-amp"") is a DC-coupled high-gain electronic voltage amplifier with a differential input and, usually, a single-ended output. In this configuration, an op-amp produces an output potential (relative to circuit ground) that is typically hundreds of thousands of times larger than the potential difference between its input terminals.Operational amplifiers had their origins in analog computers, where they were used to do mathematical operations in many linear, non-linear and frequency-dependent circuits. The popularity of the op-amp as a building block in analog circuits is due to its versatility. Due to negative feedback, the characteristics of an op-amp circuit, its gain, input and output impedance, bandwidth etc. are determined by external components and have little dependence on temperature coefficients or manufacturing variations in the op-amp itself.Op-amps are among the most widely used electronic devices today, being used in a vast array of consumer, industrial, and scientific devices. Many standard IC op-amps cost only a few cents in moderate production volume; however some integrated or hybrid operational amplifiers with special performance specifications may cost over $100 US in small quantities. Op-amps may be packaged as components, or used as elements of more complex integrated circuits.The op-amp is one type of differential amplifier. Other types of differential amplifier include the fully differential amplifier (similar to the op-amp, but with two outputs), the instrumentation amplifier (usually built from three op-amps), the isolation amplifier (similar to the instrumentation amplifier, but with tolerance to common-mode voltages that would destroy an ordinary op-amp), and negative feedback amplifier (usually built from one or more op-amps and a resistive feedback network).
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