Wiring optimization can relate neuronal structure and function
... ecause brain structure is intimately related to its function, understanding structure should provide important clues to brain function. Traditionally, structural features of the brain are explained from the perspective of development, a complex process including such events as cell migration (1, 2), ...
... ecause brain structure is intimately related to its function, understanding structure should provide important clues to brain function. Traditionally, structural features of the brain are explained from the perspective of development, a complex process including such events as cell migration (1, 2), ...
File
... 26) The simplest animals to display cephalization and centralization of the nervous system are A) sponges. B) flatworms. C) cnidarians. D) echinoderms. Answer: B Topic: 28.10 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 27) The brain and sensory system of a bilaterally symmetric organism function most like A) th ...
... 26) The simplest animals to display cephalization and centralization of the nervous system are A) sponges. B) flatworms. C) cnidarians. D) echinoderms. Answer: B Topic: 28.10 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 27) The brain and sensory system of a bilaterally symmetric organism function most like A) th ...
When the Sun Prickles Your Nose: An EEG Study Identifying
... described in the literature but has rarely undergone scientific investigation. This reflex is characterized by the induction of a sneeze upon sudden exposure of a dark-adapted subject to intensive bright light [3]. Usually, photic sneezing is evoked by sunlight, but Sedan [4] argues that artificial ...
... described in the literature but has rarely undergone scientific investigation. This reflex is characterized by the induction of a sneeze upon sudden exposure of a dark-adapted subject to intensive bright light [3]. Usually, photic sneezing is evoked by sunlight, but Sedan [4] argues that artificial ...
On phenomenal character and Petri dishes
... we must recall how amazing it is that any physical thing, even a fully embodied human, has experiences. It is often observed that were we not so closely acquainted with the phenomenon, we would be hard pressed to believe in it. A clever illustration of this observation is science fiction author Terr ...
... we must recall how amazing it is that any physical thing, even a fully embodied human, has experiences. It is often observed that were we not so closely acquainted with the phenomenon, we would be hard pressed to believe in it. A clever illustration of this observation is science fiction author Terr ...
the giant serotonergic neuron of aplysia: a multi
... targets, has the potential of mediating several different functions, each of which is usually associated with a specific specialized type of neuron. In random electron micrographs, approximately 14% of GCN’s varicosities had membrane specializations presumed to be the sites where transmitter is rele ...
... targets, has the potential of mediating several different functions, each of which is usually associated with a specific specialized type of neuron. In random electron micrographs, approximately 14% of GCN’s varicosities had membrane specializations presumed to be the sites where transmitter is rele ...
29.2 Neurons - Cloudfront.net
... Directions: Please make a picture bubble map of this neuron. Use p. 876-879 in your book to help you. Label all major parts of a neuron (cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, axon terminals, action potential, synapse, neurotransmitters). Once all parts are labeled, you need to describe the func ...
... Directions: Please make a picture bubble map of this neuron. Use p. 876-879 in your book to help you. Label all major parts of a neuron (cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, axon terminals, action potential, synapse, neurotransmitters). Once all parts are labeled, you need to describe the func ...
MIrror neuRons based RObot Recognition - LIRA-Lab
... of actions made by another individual. One third of them, however, similarly to STS neurons, do not appear to have motor-related activity. The other two-third discharge also during the monkey movement and, in most cases, showed the visuo-motor congruence typical of mirror neurons (Gallese et al., 20 ...
... of actions made by another individual. One third of them, however, similarly to STS neurons, do not appear to have motor-related activity. The other two-third discharge also during the monkey movement and, in most cases, showed the visuo-motor congruence typical of mirror neurons (Gallese et al., 20 ...
Mechanisms of memory storage in a model perirhinal network
... reports emphasized that future studies should aim for biological realism in the design of neuron models. Indeed, there are different approaches to modeling of the nervous system. The approach used here was to develop a model that is as realistic as possible by integrating most of the available exper ...
... reports emphasized that future studies should aim for biological realism in the design of neuron models. Indeed, there are different approaches to modeling of the nervous system. The approach used here was to develop a model that is as realistic as possible by integrating most of the available exper ...
interactions between number and space in parietal cortex
... Figure 1 | Behavioural studies showing numerical–spatial interactions. a | The spatial–numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect. Participants are asked to judge whether a number is even or odd. Responses to larger numbers are faster on the right side of space whereas those for smaller ...
... Figure 1 | Behavioural studies showing numerical–spatial interactions. a | The spatial–numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect. Participants are asked to judge whether a number is even or odd. Responses to larger numbers are faster on the right side of space whereas those for smaller ...
Nucleus Gracilis: An Integrator for Visceral and Somatic Information
... the responses of VPL cells to CRD and also to innocuous mechanical cutaneous stimuli. The NG lesions did not have a significant effect on the responses to noxious mechanical cutaneous stimuli. The findings imply that the NG is involved in mediating noxious visceral and innocuous cutaneous inputs int ...
... the responses of VPL cells to CRD and also to innocuous mechanical cutaneous stimuli. The NG lesions did not have a significant effect on the responses to noxious mechanical cutaneous stimuli. The findings imply that the NG is involved in mediating noxious visceral and innocuous cutaneous inputs int ...
Septins promote dendrite and axon development by negatively
... Figure 1 | The core septin subunit SEPT7 is required for the growth of dendrites and axons of cerebrocortical neurons in vivo. (a) Representative immunofluorescence images of primary cerebrocortical neurons at div2 co-expressing GFP with control (left) or shRNA#1 against SEPT7 (right). Endogenous SEP ...
... Figure 1 | The core septin subunit SEPT7 is required for the growth of dendrites and axons of cerebrocortical neurons in vivo. (a) Representative immunofluorescence images of primary cerebrocortical neurons at div2 co-expressing GFP with control (left) or shRNA#1 against SEPT7 (right). Endogenous SEP ...
Integrator or coincidence detector? The role of the cortical neuron
... most PSPs do not actually contribute to the generation of output signals, and that the number concept, no information can be carried by the precise of relevant PSPs is small compared to the total number of timing of action potentials. Correlations between the PSPs impinging on a neuron. discharges o ...
... most PSPs do not actually contribute to the generation of output signals, and that the number concept, no information can be carried by the precise of relevant PSPs is small compared to the total number of timing of action potentials. Correlations between the PSPs impinging on a neuron. discharges o ...
Dynamic relationships between age, beta
... metabolism and amyloid-b deposition, we tested whether and how life-long changes in glucose metabolism relate to amyloid-b deposition and Alzheimer’s disease-related hypometabolism. Nine healthy young adults (age range: 20–30), 96 cognitively normal older adults (age range: 61–96), and 20 patients w ...
... metabolism and amyloid-b deposition, we tested whether and how life-long changes in glucose metabolism relate to amyloid-b deposition and Alzheimer’s disease-related hypometabolism. Nine healthy young adults (age range: 20–30), 96 cognitively normal older adults (age range: 61–96), and 20 patients w ...
How does imagery in interactive consumption lead to false memory
... competing sources of information. Consistent with this notion, we find that attention devoted to the consumption at retrieval may help reduce false memory. Fig. 1 summarizes our conceptual model. Reconstructive memory and the role of source monitoring The broad theoretical framework guiding false me ...
... competing sources of information. Consistent with this notion, we find that attention devoted to the consumption at retrieval may help reduce false memory. Fig. 1 summarizes our conceptual model. Reconstructive memory and the role of source monitoring The broad theoretical framework guiding false me ...
PDF
... mu suppression to both self-directed and observed movement, high-functioning ASD individuals fail to exhibit mu suppression to observed movement (Oberman et al., 2005). Most NFT approaches use a simple visual stimulus or game to train individuals to increase/decrease a particular bandwidth of the EE ...
... mu suppression to both self-directed and observed movement, high-functioning ASD individuals fail to exhibit mu suppression to observed movement (Oberman et al., 2005). Most NFT approaches use a simple visual stimulus or game to train individuals to increase/decrease a particular bandwidth of the EE ...
synaptic connections made by axons
... surface components and diffusible factors acting on receptive growth cones may stimulate or inhibit the elongation of these axons and influence: (a) their overall direction and course; (b) the confinement of terminal arborizations to specific clusters, laminae or columns of cells; and (c) the establ ...
... surface components and diffusible factors acting on receptive growth cones may stimulate or inhibit the elongation of these axons and influence: (a) their overall direction and course; (b) the confinement of terminal arborizations to specific clusters, laminae or columns of cells; and (c) the establ ...
Axonal morphometry of hippocampal pyramidal neurons semi
... area CA3 are much more extensive than their dendritic counterparts, reaching out to hundreds of thousands of potential post-synaptic targets (Ishizuka et al. 1990; Li et al. 1994; Wittner et al. 2007). The CA3 region emanates the richest network of axonal projections in the rodent hippocampus, with ...
... area CA3 are much more extensive than their dendritic counterparts, reaching out to hundreds of thousands of potential post-synaptic targets (Ishizuka et al. 1990; Li et al. 1994; Wittner et al. 2007). The CA3 region emanates the richest network of axonal projections in the rodent hippocampus, with ...
Crocodilian Forebrain: Evolution and Development
... their termination in the dorsal ventricular ridge are not unique to crocodilians but have been described in other reptiles and in birds (Nieuwenhuys et al. 1998; Butler and Hodos 2005; Bruce 2007). However, unlike reptiles and birds, similar circuits in mammals end in the cortex (Jones 2007) rather ...
... their termination in the dorsal ventricular ridge are not unique to crocodilians but have been described in other reptiles and in birds (Nieuwenhuys et al. 1998; Butler and Hodos 2005; Bruce 2007). However, unlike reptiles and birds, similar circuits in mammals end in the cortex (Jones 2007) rather ...
Self-Organizing Feature Maps with Lateral Connections: Modeling
... the cortex, and thereby help form dynamic representations of coherent input areas [16]; (3) by learning correlations in input during development, they can potentially form long-term representations of input regularities such as gestalt rules [19]; and (4) by combining such representations with input ...
... the cortex, and thereby help form dynamic representations of coherent input areas [16]; (3) by learning correlations in input during development, they can potentially form long-term representations of input regularities such as gestalt rules [19]; and (4) by combining such representations with input ...
Direct comparison of the neural substrates of
... temporal gyri (Puce et al., 1995). These reports indicate that considerable overlap may exist between the areas activated by the two types of stimuli even though the tasks are theoretically different. However, determining the areas specific to word and face recognition from existing studies in the l ...
... temporal gyri (Puce et al., 1995). These reports indicate that considerable overlap may exist between the areas activated by the two types of stimuli even though the tasks are theoretically different. However, determining the areas specific to word and face recognition from existing studies in the l ...
Cortex, Cognition and the Cell: New Insights into the Pyramidal
... cognition, the how and why of which have been debated for centuries by theologians, philosophers and scientists alike. In his best-selling book, An Astonishing Hypothesis: A Scientific Search for the Soul, Francis Crick refined the view that these qualities are determined solely by cortical cells an ...
... cognition, the how and why of which have been debated for centuries by theologians, philosophers and scientists alike. In his best-selling book, An Astonishing Hypothesis: A Scientific Search for the Soul, Francis Crick refined the view that these qualities are determined solely by cortical cells an ...
Human Brain Networks: Spiking Neuron Models
... a nonspecific perturbation of the lipid bilayer membrane of neurons, the cells responsible for the “information” function of the central nervous system, to the interaction of the anesthetic agent with specific protein receptors [13]. It is certainly possible that if the mechanism of general anesthes ...
... a nonspecific perturbation of the lipid bilayer membrane of neurons, the cells responsible for the “information” function of the central nervous system, to the interaction of the anesthetic agent with specific protein receptors [13]. It is certainly possible that if the mechanism of general anesthes ...
Insights into decision making using choice probability
... is the origin of CP?; does it result from feedforward pooling of neuronal activity or from feedback mechanisms such as attentional allocation? We should point out that CP can be applied to brain areas thought to report only the sensory evidence or to areas that directly mediate decisions. In either ...
... is the origin of CP?; does it result from feedforward pooling of neuronal activity or from feedback mechanisms such as attentional allocation? We should point out that CP can be applied to brain areas thought to report only the sensory evidence or to areas that directly mediate decisions. In either ...
Long, intrinsic horizontal axons radiating through and beyond rat
... cytochrome oxidase staining. Thus, radiations of long horizontal axons indeed have the spatial characteristics necessary to explain horizontal activity spreads. These axons may contribute to multimodal cortical responses and various forms of cortical neural plasticity. Keywords Barrel cortex Horiz ...
... cytochrome oxidase staining. Thus, radiations of long horizontal axons indeed have the spatial characteristics necessary to explain horizontal activity spreads. These axons may contribute to multimodal cortical responses and various forms of cortical neural plasticity. Keywords Barrel cortex Horiz ...