Chapter 33 Nervous System
... Speed of action potential varies due to myelin sheath Neurons with myelin a. Carry impulses associated with sharp pain 3. Neurons without myelin a. Carry impulses associated with dull, throbbing pain vi. The synapse 1. Gap between axon of one neuron and dendrite of another axon 2. When a motor neuro ...
... Speed of action potential varies due to myelin sheath Neurons with myelin a. Carry impulses associated with sharp pain 3. Neurons without myelin a. Carry impulses associated with dull, throbbing pain vi. The synapse 1. Gap between axon of one neuron and dendrite of another axon 2. When a motor neuro ...
Neural Pathways and Transmission
... the membrane of the neuron, causing a difference in charge across the membrane Potassium and sodium ions line the membrane in unequal distribution to cause a positive exterior and a negatively charged interior Potassium (K+) is concentrated on the interior of the cell, sodium (Na+) on the outside Wh ...
... the membrane of the neuron, causing a difference in charge across the membrane Potassium and sodium ions line the membrane in unequal distribution to cause a positive exterior and a negatively charged interior Potassium (K+) is concentrated on the interior of the cell, sodium (Na+) on the outside Wh ...
Chapter 14
... Responses of Sensory Receptors • Receptor: Interaction of stimulus with sensory receptor produces a local potential – Primary: Have axons that conduct action potential in response to receptor potential – Secondary: Have no axons and receptor potentials produced do not result in action potentials bu ...
... Responses of Sensory Receptors • Receptor: Interaction of stimulus with sensory receptor produces a local potential – Primary: Have axons that conduct action potential in response to receptor potential – Secondary: Have no axons and receptor potentials produced do not result in action potentials bu ...
but all of the same type
... the patellar tendon connecting the quadriceps to the tibia (and activate the golgi tendon organ)…..so what about situations where activation of the hamstring is required? ...
... the patellar tendon connecting the quadriceps to the tibia (and activate the golgi tendon organ)…..so what about situations where activation of the hamstring is required? ...
Slide 1
... any other organ of the body. Some diseases attack a particular kind of neuron (e.g., motor neurons in ALS & polio). Parkinson’s attacks certain interneurons using a particular neurotransmitter (dopamine). Some diseases affect only parts of the neuron (e.g., cell body, axon). ...
... any other organ of the body. Some diseases attack a particular kind of neuron (e.g., motor neurons in ALS & polio). Parkinson’s attacks certain interneurons using a particular neurotransmitter (dopamine). Some diseases affect only parts of the neuron (e.g., cell body, axon). ...
Chapter 7: Structure of Nervous System
... Used in brain and ANS; used at all neuromuscular junctions Has nicotinic and muscarinic receptor subtypes These can be excitatory or _________________________ Nicotinic ACh Channel 2 subunits contain ACh binding sites. Opens when 2 AChs bind. Moves Na+ into and K+ out of postsynaptic cell. ...
... Used in brain and ANS; used at all neuromuscular junctions Has nicotinic and muscarinic receptor subtypes These can be excitatory or _________________________ Nicotinic ACh Channel 2 subunits contain ACh binding sites. Opens when 2 AChs bind. Moves Na+ into and K+ out of postsynaptic cell. ...
Central Nervous System (CNS)
... • Oligodendrocytes: CNS; myelinating cell • Astrocytes: CNS; form scar tissue, mop up excess ions, etc, induce synapse formation, connect neurons to blood vessels ...
... • Oligodendrocytes: CNS; myelinating cell • Astrocytes: CNS; form scar tissue, mop up excess ions, etc, induce synapse formation, connect neurons to blood vessels ...
Peripheral NS: Sensory processing & receptors
... Sensory Receptors Specialized structures which respond to changes in their environment (stimuli) Some receptors are simply ends of sensory nerve fibers. Other receptors are cells adjacent to sensory nerrve fibers. Other receptors are sensory nerve fiber endings plus specialized supporting cells and ...
... Sensory Receptors Specialized structures which respond to changes in their environment (stimuli) Some receptors are simply ends of sensory nerve fibers. Other receptors are cells adjacent to sensory nerrve fibers. Other receptors are sensory nerve fiber endings plus specialized supporting cells and ...
How Antidepressants Work - Rainsville Family Practice
... When a neuron is activated, it releases seratonins into the synapse. These particles migrate across the synapse and activate the receptor sites on the next neuron, thus stimulating that neuron and relaying the impulse. ...
... When a neuron is activated, it releases seratonins into the synapse. These particles migrate across the synapse and activate the receptor sites on the next neuron, thus stimulating that neuron and relaying the impulse. ...
B. Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction
... Principally: *Guyton and Hall, Chapter 6 Contraction of Skeletal Muscle, pp. 72 – 83 Secondarily, for comparison with smooth and cardiac muscle, see: *Guyton and Hall, Chapter 8 Contraction and Excitation of Smooth Muscle, pp. 92 – 99 *Guyton and Hall, Chapter 9 Contraction and Excitation of Smooth ...
... Principally: *Guyton and Hall, Chapter 6 Contraction of Skeletal Muscle, pp. 72 – 83 Secondarily, for comparison with smooth and cardiac muscle, see: *Guyton and Hall, Chapter 8 Contraction and Excitation of Smooth Muscle, pp. 92 – 99 *Guyton and Hall, Chapter 9 Contraction and Excitation of Smooth ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... Cholinergic muscarinic receptors (M1-M8) Work via the second messenger system (IP3 and DAG) M1 – postsynaptic membranes; M2 – presynaptic membranes Agonist - muscarine Antagonist – - atropine,scopolamine M2), -pirenzepine (M1, M4) The effect of ACh binding: ...
... Cholinergic muscarinic receptors (M1-M8) Work via the second messenger system (IP3 and DAG) M1 – postsynaptic membranes; M2 – presynaptic membranes Agonist - muscarine Antagonist – - atropine,scopolamine M2), -pirenzepine (M1, M4) The effect of ACh binding: ...
Nervous System - Alamo Colleges
... the two major neurotransmitters of the ANS ACh is released by all preganglionic axons and all ...
... the two major neurotransmitters of the ANS ACh is released by all preganglionic axons and all ...
• Main Function: It releases hormones into the blood to It releases
... Axons branching out to muscle fibers ...
... Axons branching out to muscle fibers ...
The Nervous System - FW Johnson Collegiate
... How Neurons Work: Bristol University Page- http://www.bris.ac.uk/synaptic/public/basics_ch1_2.html - the membrane of a neuron carries a charge - when at rest the charge is -70mV - when the nerve becomes excited, the charge becomes +40mV - no other cells carry a charge - the electrochemical event (ch ...
... How Neurons Work: Bristol University Page- http://www.bris.ac.uk/synaptic/public/basics_ch1_2.html - the membrane of a neuron carries a charge - when at rest the charge is -70mV - when the nerve becomes excited, the charge becomes +40mV - no other cells carry a charge - the electrochemical event (ch ...
Ch10 Reading Guide
... threshold is reached, sodium channels ___________________________________ 4. As sodium ions rush into the cell, the __________________________ changes and temporarily becomes _____________________________________________ 5. When sodium channels close and potassium channels open, potassium diffuses _ ...
... threshold is reached, sodium channels ___________________________________ 4. As sodium ions rush into the cell, the __________________________ changes and temporarily becomes _____________________________________________ 5. When sodium channels close and potassium channels open, potassium diffuses _ ...
Neurology - wsscience
... Chemical synapses differ from electric synapses because chemical synapses: Contain integral proteins Involve a neurotransmitter Involve direct physical contact between cells Propagate action potentials quickly and efficiently ...
... Chemical synapses differ from electric synapses because chemical synapses: Contain integral proteins Involve a neurotransmitter Involve direct physical contact between cells Propagate action potentials quickly and efficiently ...
Unit 12 Chp 49 Animal Sensory and Motor
... When calcium binds to the troponin complex, a conformational change results in the movement of the tropomyosin-tropinin complex and exposure of actin’s myosin binding sites. ...
... When calcium binds to the troponin complex, a conformational change results in the movement of the tropomyosin-tropinin complex and exposure of actin’s myosin binding sites. ...
Human Anatomy & Physiology
... Most prominent type of muscle in the body May account for up to 60% body mass It is attached to bones at both ends by tendons ...
... Most prominent type of muscle in the body May account for up to 60% body mass It is attached to bones at both ends by tendons ...
Motor Function_2 - bloodhounds Incorporated
... • Immune mechanisms (Guillain-Barré syndrome, rheumatoid arthitis, lupus, hypothyroid) • Toxic agents (arsenic polyneuropathy, lead polyneuropathy, alcoholic polyneuropathy) • Metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus, uremia, chronic kidney disease) • Low levels of vitamin B12 or other problems with yo ...
... • Immune mechanisms (Guillain-Barré syndrome, rheumatoid arthitis, lupus, hypothyroid) • Toxic agents (arsenic polyneuropathy, lead polyneuropathy, alcoholic polyneuropathy) • Metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus, uremia, chronic kidney disease) • Low levels of vitamin B12 or other problems with yo ...
Chapter 7.5 PowerPoint
... Diseases and Abnormal Conditions Fibromyalgia Chronic, wide-spread pain in a specific muscle sites. Muscular dystrophy A group of inherited diseases that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy. Duchenne’s dystrophy Type of muscular dystrophy; caused by a genetic defect. ...
... Diseases and Abnormal Conditions Fibromyalgia Chronic, wide-spread pain in a specific muscle sites. Muscular dystrophy A group of inherited diseases that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy. Duchenne’s dystrophy Type of muscular dystrophy; caused by a genetic defect. ...
Neuromuscular junction
A neuromuscular junction (sometimes called a myoneural junction) is a junction between nerve and muscle; it is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron and the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber. It is at the neuromuscular junction that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage-dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to sensor proteins (synaptotagmin) on synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. In vertebrates, motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh), a small molecule neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, also known as the sarcolemma. nAChRs are ionotropic receptors, meaning they serve as ligand-gated ion channels. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, causing a cascade that eventually results in muscle contraction.Neuromuscular junction diseases can be of genetic and autoimmune origin. Genetic disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can arise from mutated structural proteins that comprise the neuromuscular junction, whereas autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, occur when antibodies are produced against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma.