corrosive
... is a natural phenomenon, which should not surprise one, but rather should be expected to occur. Metals are high energy materials, which exist because heat energy was added to natural iron ores during the smelting process. Nature, by environmental contact, constantly attacks these high energy materia ...
... is a natural phenomenon, which should not surprise one, but rather should be expected to occur. Metals are high energy materials, which exist because heat energy was added to natural iron ores during the smelting process. Nature, by environmental contact, constantly attacks these high energy materia ...
Seminar Report
... principles of converting electrical power into visible radiation as conventional gas discharge lamps. The fundamental difference between RF lamps is that RF lamps operate without electrodes [anode and cathode]. There are three practical ways to energize RF light sources, though there are more ways t ...
... principles of converting electrical power into visible radiation as conventional gas discharge lamps. The fundamental difference between RF lamps is that RF lamps operate without electrodes [anode and cathode]. There are three practical ways to energize RF light sources, though there are more ways t ...
Development of High Power CW and Pulsed RF Test Facility based
... input system. It consists of 96 numbers of switched power modules connected in series and suitably staggered to minimize the output ripple, hence reducing the requirement of output filter capacitor and thereby avoiding the use of crowbar for protecting klystron amplifier in case of arcing. An invert ...
... input system. It consists of 96 numbers of switched power modules connected in series and suitably staggered to minimize the output ripple, hence reducing the requirement of output filter capacitor and thereby avoiding the use of crowbar for protecting klystron amplifier in case of arcing. An invert ...
JOURNAL HEWLETT-PACKARD
... circuit is very sensi the amplifier. Consequently, at the tive. lower frequency region of oscilla A t t h e h i g h f r e tion the actual frequency is higher quency end of the than that predicted by the "reson r a n g e , t h e p h a s e ance" formula. In special cases it is possible to shift is in ...
... circuit is very sensi the amplifier. Consequently, at the tive. lower frequency region of oscilla A t t h e h i g h f r e tion the actual frequency is higher quency end of the than that predicted by the "reson r a n g e , t h e p h a s e ance" formula. In special cases it is possible to shift is in ...
Chapter 20 - Electron Transfer Reactions
... With time, Cu plates out onto Zn metal strip, and Zn strip “disappears.” Electrons are transferred from Zn to Cu2+, but there is no useful electric current. ...
... With time, Cu plates out onto Zn metal strip, and Zn strip “disappears.” Electrons are transferred from Zn to Cu2+, but there is no useful electric current. ...
Cavity magnetron
The cavity magnetron is a high-powered vacuum tube that generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field while moving past a series of open metal cavities (cavity resonators). Bunches of electrons passing by the openings to the cavities excite radio wave oscillations in the cavity, much as a guitar's strings excite sound in its sound box. The frequency of the microwaves produced, the resonant frequency, is determined by the cavities' physical dimensions. Unlike other microwave tubes, such as the klystron and traveling-wave tube (TWT), the magnetron cannot function as an amplifier, increasing the power of an applied microwave signal, it serves solely as an oscillator, generating a microwave signal from direct current power supplied to the tube.The first form of magnetron tube, the split-anode magnetron, was invented by Albert Hull in 1920, but it wasn't capable of high frequencies and was little used. Similar devices were experimented with by many teams through the 1920s and 30s. On November 27, 1935, Hans Erich Hollmann applied for a patent for the first multiple cavities magnetron, which he received on July 12, 1938, but the more stable klystron was preferred for most German radars during World War II. The cavity magnetron tube was later improved by John Randall and Harry Boot in 1940 at the University of Birmingham, England. The high power of pulses from their device made centimeter-band radar practical for the Allies of World War II, with shorter wavelength radars allowing detection of smaller objects from smaller antennas. The compact cavity magnetron tube drastically reduced the size of radar sets so that they could be installed in anti-submarine aircraft and escort ships.In the post-war era the magnetron became less widely used in the radar role. This was because the magnetron's output changes from pulse to pulse, both in frequency and phase. This makes the signal unsuitable for pulse-to-pulse comparisons, which is widely used for detecting and removing ""clutter"" from the radar display. The magnetron remains in use in some radars, but has become much more common as a low-cost microwave source for microwave ovens. In this form, approximately one billion magnetrons are in use today.