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Unit 7 Lesson 1
Unit 7 Lesson 1

... What is DNA? • The genetic material in cells is contained in a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. • Scientists describe DNA as containing a code. A code is a set of rules and symbols used to carry information. • To understand how DNA functions, you first need to learn about the structure ...
adjuvants - Ac-11
adjuvants - Ac-11

... The mechanisms that underlie DNA repair have been extensively explicated in recent years. A few recent discoveries in the field DNA repair enzymes follow. 1. Modrich1 found that a protein called PCNA is clamped onto the DNA at the strand break. PCNA, together with the protein that clamps PCNA onto t ...
DNA-1 - Ryler Enterprises, Inc
DNA-1 - Ryler Enterprises, Inc

... with the “rungs” represented by the bases and the “sidepieces” or “backbones” are made of alternating sugar-phosphate molecules (-s-p-s-p- and so on). The hydrogen bonding between the bases of the nucleotides forces the DNA to take on the form of a helix (spiral). Since DNA is made of two strands, w ...
DNA RNA Protein The Central Dogma of Biology
DNA RNA Protein The Central Dogma of Biology

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... been infected with T2 phages that contained radiolabeled proteins, most of the radioactivity was in the supernatant, not in the pellet. • When they examined the bacterial cultures with T2 phage that had radio-labeled DNA, most of the radioactivity was in the pellet with the bacteria. • Hershey and C ...
dna hw packet - Liberty Union High School District
dna hw packet - Liberty Union High School District

... "message" of the DNA. Here at the ribosome, that massage will be translated into an amino acid sequence. Color the ribosome light green (Y) and note how the RNA strand threads through the ribosome like a tape measure and the amino acids are assembled. The RNA strand in the translation area should al ...
dna[1]
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... The nucleus of each of your cells contains multiple long strands of DNA with all the instructions to make your entire body. If you stretched out the DNA found in one of your cells, it would be 2-3 meters long. To fit all of this DNA inside a tiny cell nucleus, the DNA is wrapped tightly around prote ...
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... phases. The nuclear DNA of fifty erythrocytes of the three vertebrate species and of fifty planarian regenerating blastema celIs was Feulgen-stained and measured with a microspectrodensitometer (BARR and STROUD model GN5). Planarians were cross-sectioned and, after four days their regenerative blast ...
The diagrams below show two different scenarios for a pair of
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Packet #1: DNA Structure and Function
Packet #1: DNA Structure and Function

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... Concluded that when the S cells were killed, DNA was released R bacteria incorporated this DNA into their cells and changed into S cells. Many people did not believe that it was DNA, not protein that transformed genes ...
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Meiosis/Crossing Over - Peoria Public Schools
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DNA Structure - WordPress.com
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12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
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... reconstruct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing. Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands are said to be complementary. DNA copies itself through the process of replication: ▶ The two strands of the double helix unzip, forming replication forks. ▶ New bases a ...
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... ability to generate genetic profiles. This lead to an experiment to determine if commonly used fingerprinting powders (white and black powder) effected collection and extraction. Saliva samples (40 Al spread over 2 cm2 on 48 sheets of plastic) and allowed to dry (overnight, 7, 14 or 21 days) were fi ...
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The Stuff of Life - Florida Industrial and Phosphate Research Institute
The Stuff of Life - Florida Industrial and Phosphate Research Institute

... nutrient-deficient soil to replenish these vital chemicals. Animals get phosphate from their food. When animals (including humans) get phosphate from their food, it plays several roles in their bodies. Phosphate plays a role in the way living matter provides energy for biochemical reactions in cells ...
DNA - Peoria Public Schools
DNA - Peoria Public Schools

... •DNA in all humans is 99.9 percent identical. It is about one tenth of one percent that makes us all unique, or about 3 million nucleotides difference. •DNA can store 25 gigabytes of information per inch and is the most efficient storage system known to human. So, humans are better than computers!! ...
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Lecture Slides forNucleic Acids

... 1) Calculated spectrum of equivalent mixture of free nucleotides 2) Double stranded RNA (38% G+C) 3) Single stranded RNA (38% G+C) From Cox, R. A. (1970) Conformation of Nucleic Acids and the Analysis of the Hypochromic Effect, Biochem. J. (1970) 120, 539-547 ...
DNA Replication Packet - Mr. Barrow's Science Center
DNA Replication Packet - Mr. Barrow's Science Center

... create a new complementary strand. ...
16A - DNA The Genetic Material
16A - DNA The Genetic Material

... • Hershey and Chase found that when the bacteria had been infected with T2 phages that contained radiolabeled proteins, most of the radioactivity was in the supernatant, not in the pellet. • When they examined the bacterial cultures with T2 phage that had radio-labeled DNA, most of the radioactivit ...
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Homologous recombination



Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. It is most widely used by cells to accurately repair harmful breaks that occur on both strands of DNA, known as double-strand breaks. Homologous recombination also produces new combinations of DNA sequences during meiosis, the process by which eukaryotes make gamete cells, like sperm and egg cells in animals. These new combinations of DNA represent genetic variation in offspring, which in turn enables populations to adapt during the course of evolution. Homologous recombination is also used in horizontal gene transfer to exchange genetic material between different strains and species of bacteria and viruses.Although homologous recombination varies widely among different organisms and cell types, most forms involve the same basic steps. After a double-strand break occurs, sections of DNA around the 5' ends of the break are cut away in a process called resection. In the strand invasion step that follows, an overhanging 3' end of the broken DNA molecule then ""invades"" a similar or identical DNA molecule that is not broken. After strand invasion, the further sequence of events may follow either of two main pathways discussed below (see Models); the DSBR (double-strand break repair) pathway or the SDSA (synthesis-dependent strand annealing) pathway. Homologous recombination that occurs during DNA repair tends to result in non-crossover products, in effect restoring the damaged DNA molecule as it existed before the double-strand break.Homologous recombination is conserved across all three domains of life as well as viruses, suggesting that it is a nearly universal biological mechanism. The discovery of genes for homologous recombination in protists—a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms—has been interpreted as evidence that meiosis emerged early in the evolution of eukaryotes. Since their dysfunction has been strongly associated with increased susceptibility to several types of cancer, the proteins that facilitate homologous recombination are topics of active research. Homologous recombination is also used in gene targeting, a technique for introducing genetic changes into target organisms. For their development of this technique, Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans and Oliver Smithies were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.
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