The orientation bias of Chi sequences is a general tendency of G
... fractions than the averages, many other octamers have even higher fractions ( Fig. 3c). The orientation fractions of the three hexamers CTGGTG, TGGTGG and GCTGGT, which are composites of the Chi sequence, were also above the average (Fig. 3a). As for B. subtilis, the distributions that showed an obv ...
... fractions than the averages, many other octamers have even higher fractions ( Fig. 3c). The orientation fractions of the three hexamers CTGGTG, TGGTGG and GCTGGT, which are composites of the Chi sequence, were also above the average (Fig. 3a). As for B. subtilis, the distributions that showed an obv ...
Full-Text PDF
... In all eukaryotic organisms, genome replication depends on activity of the primosome, a four-subunit complex of DNA primase and DNA polymerase α (Polα) [1]. The primosome initiates synthesis of both the leading and lagging strands by making chimeric RNA-DNA primers, which are required for the loadin ...
... In all eukaryotic organisms, genome replication depends on activity of the primosome, a four-subunit complex of DNA primase and DNA polymerase α (Polα) [1]. The primosome initiates synthesis of both the leading and lagging strands by making chimeric RNA-DNA primers, which are required for the loadin ...
the pdf of this lesson!
... other and are hydrogen-bonded together through the nitrogen-containing bases that form the “rungs.” Repeating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups make up the side rails of the ladder. The way in which the sugar and phosphate groups are connected is reversed (or is “anti”) in one side rail of the ...
... other and are hydrogen-bonded together through the nitrogen-containing bases that form the “rungs.” Repeating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups make up the side rails of the ladder. The way in which the sugar and phosphate groups are connected is reversed (or is “anti”) in one side rail of the ...
78780 TG DNA Replication and Transcription
... other and are hydrogen-bonded together through the nitrogen-containing bases that form the “rungs.” Repeating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups make up the side rails of the ladder. The way in which the sugar and phosphate groups are connected is reversed (or is “anti”) in one side rail of the ...
... other and are hydrogen-bonded together through the nitrogen-containing bases that form the “rungs.” Repeating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups make up the side rails of the ladder. The way in which the sugar and phosphate groups are connected is reversed (or is “anti”) in one side rail of the ...
Identifying the Genetic Material
... two separate batches of E. coli bacteria. Because radioactive elements release particles that can be detected with machines, they can be followed, or traced, in a biological process. Scientists could determine whether it was the DNA, the protein, or both that were being transferred into the bacteria ...
... two separate batches of E. coli bacteria. Because radioactive elements release particles that can be detected with machines, they can be followed, or traced, in a biological process. Scientists could determine whether it was the DNA, the protein, or both that were being transferred into the bacteria ...
Education®
... other and are hydrogen-bonded together through the nitrogen-containing bases that form the “rungs.” Repeating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups make up the side rails of the ladder. The way in which the sugar and phosphate groups are connected is reversed (or is “anti”) in one s ...
... other and are hydrogen-bonded together through the nitrogen-containing bases that form the “rungs.” Repeating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups make up the side rails of the ladder. The way in which the sugar and phosphate groups are connected is reversed (or is “anti”) in one s ...
Specific inhibition of DNA polymerase (3 by its 14 kDa domain: role
... the coding sequence of the N-terminal 14 kDa domain (residues 1-140) of rat pVpolymerase was constructed and overexpressed in E.coli. Schematic representation of P-polymerase and its different domains is depicted in Figure 1. In an attempt to establish a new approach for assessing the role of P-poly ...
... the coding sequence of the N-terminal 14 kDa domain (residues 1-140) of rat pVpolymerase was constructed and overexpressed in E.coli. Schematic representation of P-polymerase and its different domains is depicted in Figure 1. In an attempt to establish a new approach for assessing the role of P-poly ...
16 System and a 10X Primer Pair Mix Stored in TE
... parallel using the old formulation (Panels A) and new formulation (Panels B) of the 10X Primer Pair Mix. Amplifications were performed using the Perkin-Elmer GeneAmp® PCR System 9600 (top panels), GeneAmp® PCR System 9700 with the silver block (second panels), GeneAmp® PCR System 2400 (third panels) ...
... parallel using the old formulation (Panels A) and new formulation (Panels B) of the 10X Primer Pair Mix. Amplifications were performed using the Perkin-Elmer GeneAmp® PCR System 9600 (top panels), GeneAmp® PCR System 9700 with the silver block (second panels), GeneAmp® PCR System 2400 (third panels) ...
MB_10_win
... Explain why the structure of a DNA molecule is sometimes described as a zipper. Answer: DNA is often described as a zipper because the two strands of DNA look like each lengthwise half of a zipper and the bases and hydrogen bonds between the strands look like the “teeth” of a zipper. Chapter menu ...
... Explain why the structure of a DNA molecule is sometimes described as a zipper. Answer: DNA is often described as a zipper because the two strands of DNA look like each lengthwise half of a zipper and the bases and hydrogen bonds between the strands look like the “teeth” of a zipper. Chapter menu ...
How to Use This Presentation
... Explain why the structure of a DNA molecule is sometimes described as a zipper. Answer: DNA is often described as a zipper because the two strands of DNA look like each lengthwise half of a zipper and the bases and hydrogen bonds between the strands look like the “teeth” of a zipper. Chapter menu ...
... Explain why the structure of a DNA molecule is sometimes described as a zipper. Answer: DNA is often described as a zipper because the two strands of DNA look like each lengthwise half of a zipper and the bases and hydrogen bonds between the strands look like the “teeth” of a zipper. Chapter menu ...
Physical and Topological Properties of Circular DNA
... because of the topological barrier to unwinding. For the same basic reason these DNA's are thermodynamically more stable than the strand separable DNA's in thermal and alkaline melting experiments. The introduction of one single strand scission has a profound effect on the properties of closed circu ...
... because of the topological barrier to unwinding. For the same basic reason these DNA's are thermodynamically more stable than the strand separable DNA's in thermal and alkaline melting experiments. The introduction of one single strand scission has a profound effect on the properties of closed circu ...
A Eukaryotic SWI2/SNF2 Domain, an Exquisite Detector of Double
... processes of transcription, recombination, repair, and chromatin remodeling, and the SWI2/SNF2 family of DNA-dependent ATPases is known to be involved in these processes (6). Although all members of this family contain seven helicase-related motifs, none of them have been reported to possess helicas ...
... processes of transcription, recombination, repair, and chromatin remodeling, and the SWI2/SNF2 family of DNA-dependent ATPases is known to be involved in these processes (6). Although all members of this family contain seven helicase-related motifs, none of them have been reported to possess helicas ...
DNA/RNA/Transcription/Translation Chapter CHAP 13 all reading
... were enriched with different radioactive isotopes. One set of viruses had radioactive sulfur (35S) atoms attached to proteins. The other set had radioactive phosphorus (32P) atoms attached to DNA. Step 2 Second, each set of viruses was allowed to infect separate batches of nonradioactive bacteria. B ...
... were enriched with different radioactive isotopes. One set of viruses had radioactive sulfur (35S) atoms attached to proteins. The other set had radioactive phosphorus (32P) atoms attached to DNA. Step 2 Second, each set of viruses was allowed to infect separate batches of nonradioactive bacteria. B ...
G-quadruplex and G-rich sequence stimulate Pif1p
... (14). If these regions contain G-rich sequences, formation of G4s along the lagging-strand template will slow down replication and increase the likelihood of chromosomal breakage and genomic rearrangement (15,16). Similarly, G4 may also be formed along the leading-strand template in regions of G-ric ...
... (14). If these regions contain G-rich sequences, formation of G4s along the lagging-strand template will slow down replication and increase the likelihood of chromosomal breakage and genomic rearrangement (15,16). Similarly, G4 may also be formed along the leading-strand template in regions of G-ric ...
dissertationes biologicae universitatis tartuensis 118
... electrophoretic mobility shift assay glutathione-S-transferase hypersuppressive kilo basepair mitochondrial DNA nucleotide recombination dependent replication superfamily single-stranded DNA binding protein single-stranded DNA temperature-sensitive wild type ...
... electrophoretic mobility shift assay glutathione-S-transferase hypersuppressive kilo basepair mitochondrial DNA nucleotide recombination dependent replication superfamily single-stranded DNA binding protein single-stranded DNA temperature-sensitive wild type ...
Characterization of a novel DNA polymerase activity assay enabling
... The measurement of DPE activity could represent a useful tool with far-reaching applications such as, but not limited to, screening candidate-polymerase inhibitors in vitro, or detecting the presence any microbe (harboring active DNA polymerases) within a diverse range of sample types. If intended f ...
... The measurement of DPE activity could represent a useful tool with far-reaching applications such as, but not limited to, screening candidate-polymerase inhibitors in vitro, or detecting the presence any microbe (harboring active DNA polymerases) within a diverse range of sample types. If intended f ...
A Structural Insight into Major Groove Directed Binding of
... Nitrosourea therapeutics occupies a definite place in cancer therapy but its exact mechanism of action has yet to be established. Nimustine, a chloroethyl nitrosourea derivative, is used to treat various types of malignancy including gliomas. The present work focuses on the understanding of nimustin ...
... Nitrosourea therapeutics occupies a definite place in cancer therapy but its exact mechanism of action has yet to be established. Nimustine, a chloroethyl nitrosourea derivative, is used to treat various types of malignancy including gliomas. The present work focuses on the understanding of nimustin ...
Structure and function of the GINS complex, a key component of the
... initiation is regulated. S-CDK substrates are abundant in yeast but two essential proteins, Sld2 and Sld3, have been shown to comprise the minimal set required for replication initiation [21,22]. Phosphorylation of Sld3 by S-CDK on Thr600 and Ser622 is essential for cell viability, substituting thes ...
... initiation is regulated. S-CDK substrates are abundant in yeast but two essential proteins, Sld2 and Sld3, have been shown to comprise the minimal set required for replication initiation [21,22]. Phosphorylation of Sld3 by S-CDK on Thr600 and Ser622 is essential for cell viability, substituting thes ...
Overview of DNA - Southwest Center for Microsystems Education
... separated into two single strands could be replicated with each strand serving as a template on which its complementary strand is assembled.4 Subsequent work of Messelson's and Stahl's focused on the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication. DNA replication is not as simple as splitting a double heli ...
... separated into two single strands could be replicated with each strand serving as a template on which its complementary strand is assembled.4 Subsequent work of Messelson's and Stahl's focused on the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication. DNA replication is not as simple as splitting a double heli ...
Human Pif1 helicase is a G-quadruplex DNA
... J is a helicase superfamily 2 protein that unwinds DNA in the 5 → 3 direction. The in vitro substrates of FANC J include forked molecules and D-loops suggesting functions in DNA replication re-start, recombination and repair [17,18]. Recently it has been shown that FANC J can also unwind G4 DNA in ...
... J is a helicase superfamily 2 protein that unwinds DNA in the 5 → 3 direction. The in vitro substrates of FANC J include forked molecules and D-loops suggesting functions in DNA replication re-start, recombination and repair [17,18]. Recently it has been shown that FANC J can also unwind G4 DNA in ...
Recombinational Circularization of Salmonella Phage
... DNA in P22-infected cells destined for lysogeny. In the following experiment, we repeated their procedure and obtained similar results. A culture of strain 18 cells growing at 37” was infected with 32P-labeled c+ phage; the multiplicity of infection, 10 per cell, was sufficient to cause the lysogeni ...
... DNA in P22-infected cells destined for lysogeny. In the following experiment, we repeated their procedure and obtained similar results. A culture of strain 18 cells growing at 37” was infected with 32P-labeled c+ phage; the multiplicity of infection, 10 per cell, was sufficient to cause the lysogeni ...
DNA crosslinking and biological activity of a
... A prototype of a novel class of DNA alkylating agents, which combines the DNA crosslinking moiety chlorambucil (Chl) with a sequence-selective hairpin pyrrole±imidazole polyamide ImPy-b-ImPy-gImPy-b-Dp (polyamide 1), was evaluated for its ability to damage DNA and induce biological responses. Polyam ...
... A prototype of a novel class of DNA alkylating agents, which combines the DNA crosslinking moiety chlorambucil (Chl) with a sequence-selective hairpin pyrrole±imidazole polyamide ImPy-b-ImPy-gImPy-b-Dp (polyamide 1), was evaluated for its ability to damage DNA and induce biological responses. Polyam ...
DNA - IPN-Kiel
... (ii) make copies of itself so that this information can be passed on during cell division and from generation to generation In recent years, because of our increasing knowledge and understanding of DNA and its related molecule RNA, it has been possible to work with this genetic information and to us ...
... (ii) make copies of itself so that this information can be passed on during cell division and from generation to generation In recent years, because of our increasing knowledge and understanding of DNA and its related molecule RNA, it has been possible to work with this genetic information and to us ...
STRUCTURE AND DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS OF DNA
... • Primase: RNA Polymerase that synthesizes the Primer for DNA replication; • Primase synthesizes RNA directly on the singlestranded DNA template because it does not require a Primer to begin synthesis; • New Deoxy-nucleotides are added to 3’ end Primer, ...
... • Primase: RNA Polymerase that synthesizes the Primer for DNA replication; • Primase synthesizes RNA directly on the singlestranded DNA template because it does not require a Primer to begin synthesis; • New Deoxy-nucleotides are added to 3’ end Primer, ...
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
... The process of DNA replication is shown in Figure 10-10. In step 1 , enzymes called helicases separate the DNA strands. Helicases move along the DNA molecule, breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary nitrogenous bases. This action allows the two DNA strands of the double helix to separa ...
... The process of DNA replication is shown in Figure 10-10. In step 1 , enzymes called helicases separate the DNA strands. Helicases move along the DNA molecule, breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary nitrogenous bases. This action allows the two DNA strands of the double helix to separa ...
Eukaryotic DNA replication
Eukaryotic DNA replication is a conserved mechanism that restricts DNA replication to only once per cell cycle. Eukaryotic DNA replication of chromosomal DNA is central for the duplication of a cell and is necessary for the maintenance of the eukaryotic genome.DNA replication is the action of DNA polymerases synthesizing a DNA strand complementary to the original template strand. To synthesize DNA, the double-stranded DNA is unwound by DNA helicases ahead of polymerases, forming a replication fork containing two single-stranded templates. Replication processes permit the copying of a single DNA double helix into two DNA helices, which are divided into the daughter cells at mitosis. The major enzymatic functions carried out at the replication fork are well conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, but the replication machinery in eukaryotic DNA replication is a much larger complex, coordinating many proteins at the site of replication, forming the replisome.The replisome is responsible for copying the entirety of genomic DNA in each proliferative cell. This process allows for the high-fidelity passage of hereditary/genetic information from parental cell to daughter cell and is thus essential to all organisms. Much of the cell cycle is built around ensuring that DNA replication occurs without errors.In G1 phase of the cell cycle, many of the DNA replication regulatory processes are initiated. In eukaryotes, the vast majority of DNA synthesis occurs during S phase of the cell cycle, and the entire genome must be unwound and duplicated to form two daughter copies. During G2, any damaged DNA or replication errors are corrected. Finally, one copy of the genomes is segregated to each daughter cell at mitosis or M phase. These daughter copies each contain one strand from the parental duplex DNA and one nascent antiparallel strand.This mechanism is conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes and is known as semiconservative DNA replication. The process of semiconservative replication for the site of DNA replication is a fork-like DNA structure, the replication fork, where the DNA helix is open, or unwound, exposing unpaired DNA nucleotides for recognition and base pairing for the incorporationof free nucleotides into double-stranded DNA.