Word Work File L_293849362.tmp
... Proteins vary in their structure so they can perform specific functions. Proteins are large complex molecules, polymers of amino acids, joined by peptide bonds. These polymers are called polypeptides. A protein is made one or more polypeptides folded and coiled into a specific conformation. ...
... Proteins vary in their structure so they can perform specific functions. Proteins are large complex molecules, polymers of amino acids, joined by peptide bonds. These polymers are called polypeptides. A protein is made one or more polypeptides folded and coiled into a specific conformation. ...
Chapter 5 PowerPoint 2016
... • All living things are made up of four classes of large biological molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids • Within cells, small organic molecules are joined together to form larger molecules • Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected at ...
... • All living things are made up of four classes of large biological molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids • Within cells, small organic molecules are joined together to form larger molecules • Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected at ...
Notes Protein Synthesis 2016
... • How do specialized cells know which part of the genetic code they are responsible for? • Specialized cells have different genes expressed (turned on). Those genes allow specific proteins to be synthesized, which aides their function. • This process is CALLED: ...
... • How do specialized cells know which part of the genetic code they are responsible for? • Specialized cells have different genes expressed (turned on). Those genes allow specific proteins to be synthesized, which aides their function. • This process is CALLED: ...
1. Give early experimental evidence that implicated proteins as the
... made in the nucleus and travels out into the cytoplasm Used repeatedly – picks up its designated amino acid in the cytosol, deposits it at the ribosome, and leaves to pick up another Consists of a single RNA strand that is only about 80 nucleotides long, has a protruding end which serves as the atta ...
... made in the nucleus and travels out into the cytoplasm Used repeatedly – picks up its designated amino acid in the cytosol, deposits it at the ribosome, and leaves to pick up another Consists of a single RNA strand that is only about 80 nucleotides long, has a protruding end which serves as the atta ...
Slide 1
... • Contribute up to 0.4% of human genetic diseases – Inserts within genes, 0.1% – Unequal homologous recombination events between Alu repeats, 0.3% – Hypercholesterolemia, α-thalassemia, BRCA1-related breast cancer ...
... • Contribute up to 0.4% of human genetic diseases – Inserts within genes, 0.1% – Unequal homologous recombination events between Alu repeats, 0.3% – Hypercholesterolemia, α-thalassemia, BRCA1-related breast cancer ...
NUCLEIC ACIDS AND HEREDITY
... (a) In RNA the sugar molecule is always ribose. In DNA, the sugar molecule is always deoxyribose, which has H instead of OH at carbon number two. (b) Both molecules use a mixture of four nitrogen bases. Both use cytosine, adenine, and guanine. In DNA, the fourth base is thymine. In RNA, the fourth b ...
... (a) In RNA the sugar molecule is always ribose. In DNA, the sugar molecule is always deoxyribose, which has H instead of OH at carbon number two. (b) Both molecules use a mixture of four nitrogen bases. Both use cytosine, adenine, and guanine. In DNA, the fourth base is thymine. In RNA, the fourth b ...
Document
... History of DNA • Early scientists thought protein was the cell’s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA • Proteins were composed of 20 different amino acids in long polypeptide chains ...
... History of DNA • Early scientists thought protein was the cell’s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA • Proteins were composed of 20 different amino acids in long polypeptide chains ...
The Genetic Material
... • RNA strands are typically several hundred to several thousand nucleotides in length • In RNA synthesis, only one of the two strands of DNA is used as a template ...
... • RNA strands are typically several hundred to several thousand nucleotides in length • In RNA synthesis, only one of the two strands of DNA is used as a template ...
DNA & RNA - Cobb Learning
... Gel Electrophoresis: Process that involves using electric current to separate certain biological molecules by size. We use this to see DNA fragments to create a DNA fingerprint - DNA fingerprints have 2 major uses: 1.Solve crimes 2.Figuring out “who’s the baby’s daddy” ...
... Gel Electrophoresis: Process that involves using electric current to separate certain biological molecules by size. We use this to see DNA fragments to create a DNA fingerprint - DNA fingerprints have 2 major uses: 1.Solve crimes 2.Figuring out “who’s the baby’s daddy” ...
Document
... Hershey and Chase √ bacteriophages (phages) √ DNA, not protein, is the hereditary material √ Expt: sulfur(S) is in protein, phosphorus (P) is in DNA; only P was found in host cell ...
... Hershey and Chase √ bacteriophages (phages) √ DNA, not protein, is the hereditary material √ Expt: sulfur(S) is in protein, phosphorus (P) is in DNA; only P was found in host cell ...
Whole genome assembly from next generation sequencing
... cost. However, a number of obstacles challenge our ability to generate contiguous chromosome-sized assemblies from the typically short sequence reads obtained. These include large regions of repetitive DNA, paralogous gene families and interspersed retrotransposable elements, which together often co ...
... cost. However, a number of obstacles challenge our ability to generate contiguous chromosome-sized assemblies from the typically short sequence reads obtained. These include large regions of repetitive DNA, paralogous gene families and interspersed retrotransposable elements, which together often co ...
A Crash Course in Genetics
... (transfer-RNA), which has a binding site for an amino acid, and a sequence of three nucleotides on another side (anticodon). •mRNA thus specifies amino acid sequence by acting through tRNA •From previous overview slide of DNA processing, the site of translation in the cytoplasm is on a ribosome, whi ...
... (transfer-RNA), which has a binding site for an amino acid, and a sequence of three nucleotides on another side (anticodon). •mRNA thus specifies amino acid sequence by acting through tRNA •From previous overview slide of DNA processing, the site of translation in the cytoplasm is on a ribosome, whi ...
On the potential of molecular computing
... from a library of 105 to 106 bp, selecting for a different restriction site at each of five cycles. The recursive approach allows one to move rapidly through a vast sequence space, sampling only a small fraction of all the sequences that need to be accessed with a single pool approach (five cycles o ...
... from a library of 105 to 106 bp, selecting for a different restriction site at each of five cycles. The recursive approach allows one to move rapidly through a vast sequence space, sampling only a small fraction of all the sequences that need to be accessed with a single pool approach (five cycles o ...
DNA
... Knowing the atomic weight of a nucleotide, and markers, gel electrophoresis separates pieces of DNA by weight, with the heavier (longer) segments moving slower and the lighter (shorter) segments moving faster through the gel. These bands are compared with “markers” (pieces of DNA with known molecula ...
... Knowing the atomic weight of a nucleotide, and markers, gel electrophoresis separates pieces of DNA by weight, with the heavier (longer) segments moving slower and the lighter (shorter) segments moving faster through the gel. These bands are compared with “markers” (pieces of DNA with known molecula ...
Chapter 11 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
... • Once the 3D structure of DNA was known, it was clear that the sequence of the bases along the backbone in some way directed the order in which amino acids were stacked to make proteins. • In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and his coworkers began to unravel the connection between the base sequence in DNA ...
... • Once the 3D structure of DNA was known, it was clear that the sequence of the bases along the backbone in some way directed the order in which amino acids were stacked to make proteins. • In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and his coworkers began to unravel the connection between the base sequence in DNA ...
Section 1: The Structure of DNA
... bases, while the base-pairing structure allows the information to be copied. • In DNA, each nucleotide has the same sugar group and phosphate group, but each nucleotide can have one of four nitrogenous bases. • The four kinds of bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). ...
... bases, while the base-pairing structure allows the information to be copied. • In DNA, each nucleotide has the same sugar group and phosphate group, but each nucleotide can have one of four nitrogenous bases. • The four kinds of bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). ...
Scientist Reading
... infects bacteria. This kind of virus is made of a DNA core surrounded by a protein coat. See Figure 26-9. A phage invades a bacterium and makes hundreds of new phage particles once inside the bacterial cell. The bacterial cell then breaks open, and the new phage particles are let go. These can'attac ...
... infects bacteria. This kind of virus is made of a DNA core surrounded by a protein coat. See Figure 26-9. A phage invades a bacterium and makes hundreds of new phage particles once inside the bacterial cell. The bacterial cell then breaks open, and the new phage particles are let go. These can'attac ...
Unit 4
... Describe the general role of RNA polymerase in transcription. It pry the two strands of DNA apart and hook together the RNA nucleotides as they basepair along the DNA template Distinguish among mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. mRNA (Messenger RNA)- Is a single strand of RNA that provides the template used for ...
... Describe the general role of RNA polymerase in transcription. It pry the two strands of DNA apart and hook together the RNA nucleotides as they basepair along the DNA template Distinguish among mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. mRNA (Messenger RNA)- Is a single strand of RNA that provides the template used for ...
asdfs - local.brookings.k12.sd.us
... Nitrogen base with 1 ring such as cytosine and thymine pyrimidine ...
... Nitrogen base with 1 ring such as cytosine and thymine pyrimidine ...
Enzymes other than polymerases needed for replication
... DNA polymerase III = DNA Pol III • Discovered in extracts of polA- cells, i.e. lacking DNA Pol I • DNA Pol III is the replicative polymerase • Loss-of-function mutations in the genes encoding its subunits block DNA replication ...
... DNA polymerase III = DNA Pol III • Discovered in extracts of polA- cells, i.e. lacking DNA Pol I • DNA Pol III is the replicative polymerase • Loss-of-function mutations in the genes encoding its subunits block DNA replication ...
Slide 1
... Protein Synthesis: the transfer of information from: DNA RNA Proteins “gene expression”: A gene is a linear sequence of many nucleotides. 3 Types: 1. Structural genes: have info to make proteins 2. Regulatory genes: code for proteins which are on/off switches for other genes 3. Genes that code ...
... Protein Synthesis: the transfer of information from: DNA RNA Proteins “gene expression”: A gene is a linear sequence of many nucleotides. 3 Types: 1. Structural genes: have info to make proteins 2. Regulatory genes: code for proteins which are on/off switches for other genes 3. Genes that code ...
DNA_extraction
... The detergent helps to dissolve the phospholipid bilayers of the cell membrane and organelles. The salt helps to keep the proteins in the extract layer so they are not precipitated with the DNA. The DNA/detergent/salt mixture is not easily miscible with alcohol, so when alcohol is added slowly to th ...
... The detergent helps to dissolve the phospholipid bilayers of the cell membrane and organelles. The salt helps to keep the proteins in the extract layer so they are not precipitated with the DNA. The DNA/detergent/salt mixture is not easily miscible with alcohol, so when alcohol is added slowly to th ...
VE #15
... for). DNA is found in the nucleus, but proteins are synthesized at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Therefore, a molecule is needed to carry the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosomes. This messenger molecule is appropriately called messenger RNA (mRNA). Protein synthesis involves two major steps ...
... for). DNA is found in the nucleus, but proteins are synthesized at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Therefore, a molecule is needed to carry the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosomes. This messenger molecule is appropriately called messenger RNA (mRNA). Protein synthesis involves two major steps ...
Transcript for the LearnGenetics Simulation
... Short strands move through the holes in the gel more quickly than long strands. Over time, the shorter strands in the sample will move farther away from the starting point than the long er strands. DNA strands of the same length will move at the same speed and end up grouped together. In this way, t ...
... Short strands move through the holes in the gel more quickly than long strands. Over time, the shorter strands in the sample will move farther away from the starting point than the long er strands. DNA strands of the same length will move at the same speed and end up grouped together. In this way, t ...
Eukaryotic Transcription
... - aporepressor + tryp (co-repressor) = functional repressor How much do we have to know? Prokaryotic Transcription Termination 1) Rho-dependent - needs rho helicase to release transcript from template and RNAP; needs ATP - does not have run of A/U so transcript cannot fall off on its own; hairpin st ...
... - aporepressor + tryp (co-repressor) = functional repressor How much do we have to know? Prokaryotic Transcription Termination 1) Rho-dependent - needs rho helicase to release transcript from template and RNAP; needs ATP - does not have run of A/U so transcript cannot fall off on its own; hairpin st ...
DNA nanotechnology
DNA nanotechnology is the design and manufacture of artificial nucleic acid structures for technological uses. In this field, nucleic acids are used as non-biological engineering materials for nanotechnology rather than as the carriers of genetic information in living cells. Researchers in the field have created static structures such as two- and three-dimensional crystal lattices, nanotubes, polyhedra, and arbitrary shapes, as well as functional devices such as molecular machines and DNA computers. The field is beginning to be used as a tool to solve basic science problems in structural biology and biophysics, including applications in crystallography and spectroscopy for protein structure determination. Potential applications in molecular scale electronics and nanomedicine are also being investigated.The conceptual foundation for DNA nanotechnology was first laid out by Nadrian Seeman in the early 1980s, and the field began to attract widespread interest in the mid-2000s. This use of nucleic acids is enabled by their strict base pairing rules, which cause only portions of strands with complementary base sequences to bind together to form strong, rigid double helix structures. This allows for the rational design of base sequences that will selectively assemble to form complex target structures with precisely controlled nanoscale features. A number of assembly methods are used to make these structures, including tile-based structures that assemble from smaller structures, folding structures using the DNA origami method, and dynamically reconfigurable structures using strand displacement techniques. While the field's name specifically references DNA, the same principles have been used with other types of nucleic acids as well, leading to the occasional use of the alternative name nucleic acid nanotechnology.