Non-equilibrium steady state of sparse systems OFFPRINT and D. Cohen D. Hurowitz
... “quantum” case: see technical details below. Some technical details with regard to eq. (14) are in order (can be skipped in first reading). In the energy basis, H0 is a diagonal matrix with energy levels En . The state of the system is represented by the probability matrix, which can be rewritten as ...
... “quantum” case: see technical details below. Some technical details with regard to eq. (14) are in order (can be skipped in first reading). In the energy basis, H0 is a diagonal matrix with energy levels En . The state of the system is represented by the probability matrix, which can be rewritten as ...
The Consistent Histories Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
... environment, or a virtual interaction. At this stage there is no distinction between real and virtual processes. A history is a time- ordered sequence of events. It is represented by projectors on a tensor product of the Hilbert spaces of the events. Third, a consistency condition is imposed on hist ...
... environment, or a virtual interaction. At this stage there is no distinction between real and virtual processes. A history is a time- ordered sequence of events. It is represented by projectors on a tensor product of the Hilbert spaces of the events. Third, a consistency condition is imposed on hist ...
Electron spin and probability current density in quantum mechanics
... whole spatial domain. However, there is also a local property: if the probability decreases in one region of space and increases in another, it must have flowed from one region to the other. This idea implies that there must exist a probability current density function describing this flow. This qua ...
... whole spatial domain. However, there is also a local property: if the probability decreases in one region of space and increases in another, it must have flowed from one region to the other. This idea implies that there must exist a probability current density function describing this flow. This qua ...
Gibbs' paradox and black-hole entropy
... the result of statistical mechanics now coincides with the thermodynamical result ∆S = 0. The fact that there is not an exact coincidence can easily be understood: the term proportional to ln N describes fluctuations. If the partition is removed, fluctuations with larger magnitude than in the presen ...
... the result of statistical mechanics now coincides with the thermodynamical result ∆S = 0. The fact that there is not an exact coincidence can easily be understood: the term proportional to ln N describes fluctuations. If the partition is removed, fluctuations with larger magnitude than in the presen ...
Physics 210 - Cuyamaca College
... 3) Investigate, interpret and analyze the fundamental principles of physics based on reading assignments and in-class discussions. 4) Calculate solutions to physics problems using the fundamental principles of physics and symbolic logic skills. a. Analyze basic physical situations involving reflecti ...
... 3) Investigate, interpret and analyze the fundamental principles of physics based on reading assignments and in-class discussions. 4) Calculate solutions to physics problems using the fundamental principles of physics and symbolic logic skills. a. Analyze basic physical situations involving reflecti ...
JQI Fellows - University of Maryland, College Park
... calculation are complete. Of course you will need to do some work beforehand to figure out what H' corresponds to what mathematical or logical operation. The system is left in a well-defined state ... but it is typically a superposition of classical (0&1) states. The state of each qubit is then meas ...
... calculation are complete. Of course you will need to do some work beforehand to figure out what H' corresponds to what mathematical or logical operation. The system is left in a well-defined state ... but it is typically a superposition of classical (0&1) states. The state of each qubit is then meas ...
Lecture Trends in the Periodic Table - NGHS
... degenerate when they have the same energy. The energy of an orbital depends on both its size and its shape because the electron spends more of its time further from the nucleus of the atom as the orbital becomes larger or the shape becomes more complex. In an isolated atom, however, the energy of an ...
... degenerate when they have the same energy. The energy of an orbital depends on both its size and its shape because the electron spends more of its time further from the nucleus of the atom as the orbital becomes larger or the shape becomes more complex. In an isolated atom, however, the energy of an ...
Locality of Gravitational Systems from Entanglement of
... near-AdS region, there are totally geodesic surfaces that pass through this point and go deep into the bulk, where the geometry can depart significantly from AdS. However, contributions from these surfaces are negligible when Ez ≪ 1, where E is the typical energy scale of the CFT state. In this case ...
... near-AdS region, there are totally geodesic surfaces that pass through this point and go deep into the bulk, where the geometry can depart significantly from AdS. However, contributions from these surfaces are negligible when Ez ≪ 1, where E is the typical energy scale of the CFT state. In this case ...
Quantum - National Physical Laboratory
... Bishop, the team leader for Quantum Technology at EPSRC. “A key feature of the quantum science community in the UK is that it is incredibly well networked, both within itself and internationally, which means it is very well positioned to move forward and develop a national activity in this area.” Th ...
... Bishop, the team leader for Quantum Technology at EPSRC. “A key feature of the quantum science community in the UK is that it is incredibly well networked, both within itself and internationally, which means it is very well positioned to move forward and develop a national activity in this area.” Th ...
PDF
... or spontaneous breaking of crystal field symmetry (for example, distortions of the octahedral or cubic symmetry) results in certain systems in the appearance of doublets of symmetry γ3 or singlets of symmetry γ1 or γ2 . Such dynamic systems could be locally expressed in terms of symmetry representat ...
... or spontaneous breaking of crystal field symmetry (for example, distortions of the octahedral or cubic symmetry) results in certain systems in the appearance of doublets of symmetry γ3 or singlets of symmetry γ1 or γ2 . Such dynamic systems could be locally expressed in terms of symmetry representat ...
Adiabatic decoupling (2008) ocr
... We now consider another way of looking at constraints. Statistical mechanics can be reformulated in terms of the basic concepts of information theory [30]. Entropy, which "has a deeper meaning, quite independent of thermodynamics,"[30] plays a fundamental role in this formulation. There are two reas ...
... We now consider another way of looking at constraints. Statistical mechanics can be reformulated in terms of the basic concepts of information theory [30]. Entropy, which "has a deeper meaning, quite independent of thermodynamics,"[30] plays a fundamental role in this formulation. There are two reas ...
Particle in a box
In quantum mechanics, the particle in a box model (also known as the infinite potential well or the infinite square well) describes a particle free to move in a small space surrounded by impenetrable barriers. The model is mainly used as a hypothetical example to illustrate the differences between classical and quantum systems. In classical systems, for example a ball trapped inside a large box, the particle can move at any speed within the box and it is no more likely to be found at one position than another. However, when the well becomes very narrow (on the scale of a few nanometers), quantum effects become important. The particle may only occupy certain positive energy levels. Likewise, it can never have zero energy, meaning that the particle can never ""sit still"". Additionally, it is more likely to be found at certain positions than at others, depending on its energy level. The particle may never be detected at certain positions, known as spatial nodes.The particle in a box model provides one of the very few problems in quantum mechanics which can be solved analytically, without approximations. This means that the observable properties of the particle (such as its energy and position) are related to the mass of the particle and the width of the well by simple mathematical expressions. Due to its simplicity, the model allows insight into quantum effects without the need for complicated mathematics. It is one of the first quantum mechanics problems taught in undergraduate physics courses, and it is commonly used as an approximation for more complicated quantum systems.