Lecture 7 - United International College
... As of 1930, only two known elementary particles had been identified, the proton and the electron. Protons were known to have a mass of 1 and a charge of +1, while electrons had essentially no mass and a charge of -1. Moseley had shown convincingly that the charge on the nucleus increases in steps of ...
... As of 1930, only two known elementary particles had been identified, the proton and the electron. Protons were known to have a mass of 1 and a charge of +1, while electrons had essentially no mass and a charge of -1. Moseley had shown convincingly that the charge on the nucleus increases in steps of ...
Quantum parallelism
... f(x). Use interference to obtain information that depends on many values f(x). Requires algebraic structure. Ideal for number-theoretic problems (factoring). ...
... f(x). Use interference to obtain information that depends on many values f(x). Requires algebraic structure. Ideal for number-theoretic problems (factoring). ...
electric field spectroscopy of ultracold polar molecular dimers
... know, is to encode the electron’s interaction with all the other electrons in the parent ion. The entire series of energy levels is described by a simple formula that is flexible enough to apply to any atom. What I would like to do here is to derive an analogue of the Rydberg formula for an electric ...
... know, is to encode the electron’s interaction with all the other electrons in the parent ion. The entire series of energy levels is described by a simple formula that is flexible enough to apply to any atom. What I would like to do here is to derive an analogue of the Rydberg formula for an electric ...
Chapter 11
... Quanta - the amount of energy needed to move from one energy level to another. Quantum leap in energy. Schrödinger derived an equation that described the energy and position of the electrons in an atom Treated electrons as waves ...
... Quanta - the amount of energy needed to move from one energy level to another. Quantum leap in energy. Schrödinger derived an equation that described the energy and position of the electrons in an atom Treated electrons as waves ...
views of dark energy
... picture seem plausible to me. In the last decade or so, we’ve learned (through work of Maldacena and others) that it is definitely possible to make a stable quantum gravity vacuum of negative vacuum energy. Supersymmetrically, zero is also possible. But it is extremely unclear whether in the presenc ...
... picture seem plausible to me. In the last decade or so, we’ve learned (through work of Maldacena and others) that it is definitely possible to make a stable quantum gravity vacuum of negative vacuum energy. Supersymmetrically, zero is also possible. But it is extremely unclear whether in the presenc ...
Coherence versus decoherence – a few illustrative examples
... being ‘gauged away’ from the partition function, there is a deeper cause for null diamagnetism in classical statistical mechanics. It turns out that the diamagnetic contribution of those electrons which collide on the boundary and get reflected back into the enclosure exactly cancels that of the bul ...
... being ‘gauged away’ from the partition function, there is a deeper cause for null diamagnetism in classical statistical mechanics. It turns out that the diamagnetic contribution of those electrons which collide on the boundary and get reflected back into the enclosure exactly cancels that of the bul ...
Energy Levels and Sub
... new model of the atom. In order to write a mathematical expression that would allow them to predict ionization energies and calculate the wavelengths that show up in an element’s spectrum (which is precisely what Niels Bohr was trying to do, but only managed to do it for Hydrogen), it was necessary ...
... new model of the atom. In order to write a mathematical expression that would allow them to predict ionization energies and calculate the wavelengths that show up in an element’s spectrum (which is precisely what Niels Bohr was trying to do, but only managed to do it for Hydrogen), it was necessary ...
superposition - University of Illinois at Urbana
... “macroscopically distinct” than those of dust particles! ...
... “macroscopically distinct” than those of dust particles! ...
Orbital
... An energy-level diagram for electronic transitions. (b) an orbittransition diagram, which accounts for the experimental spectrum. (Note that the orbits shown are schematic. They are not drawn to scale.) (c) The resulting line spectrum on a photographic plate. Note that the lines in the visible regio ...
... An energy-level diagram for electronic transitions. (b) an orbittransition diagram, which accounts for the experimental spectrum. (Note that the orbits shown are schematic. They are not drawn to scale.) (c) The resulting line spectrum on a photographic plate. Note that the lines in the visible regio ...
Particle in a box
In quantum mechanics, the particle in a box model (also known as the infinite potential well or the infinite square well) describes a particle free to move in a small space surrounded by impenetrable barriers. The model is mainly used as a hypothetical example to illustrate the differences between classical and quantum systems. In classical systems, for example a ball trapped inside a large box, the particle can move at any speed within the box and it is no more likely to be found at one position than another. However, when the well becomes very narrow (on the scale of a few nanometers), quantum effects become important. The particle may only occupy certain positive energy levels. Likewise, it can never have zero energy, meaning that the particle can never ""sit still"". Additionally, it is more likely to be found at certain positions than at others, depending on its energy level. The particle may never be detected at certain positions, known as spatial nodes.The particle in a box model provides one of the very few problems in quantum mechanics which can be solved analytically, without approximations. This means that the observable properties of the particle (such as its energy and position) are related to the mass of the particle and the width of the well by simple mathematical expressions. Due to its simplicity, the model allows insight into quantum effects without the need for complicated mathematics. It is one of the first quantum mechanics problems taught in undergraduate physics courses, and it is commonly used as an approximation for more complicated quantum systems.