URL - StealthSkater
... aspect of each individual electron obeys the interference pattern, never going to the "forbidden regions". However, one must watch out not to think of this wave as just an ordinary wave of classical physics. For one thing, for the many-body system the wave lives in a 3N+1 dimensional "configuration ...
... aspect of each individual electron obeys the interference pattern, never going to the "forbidden regions". However, one must watch out not to think of this wave as just an ordinary wave of classical physics. For one thing, for the many-body system the wave lives in a 3N+1 dimensional "configuration ...
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... numbers are discrete sets of integers or half-integers, although they could approach infinity in some cases. This is distinguished from classical mechanics where the values can range continuously. Quantum numbers often describe specifically the energy levels of electrons in atoms, but other possibil ...
... numbers are discrete sets of integers or half-integers, although they could approach infinity in some cases. This is distinguished from classical mechanics where the values can range continuously. Quantum numbers often describe specifically the energy levels of electrons in atoms, but other possibil ...
Maritime Applications of Quantum Computation
... |ψi may be described P as a superposition of basis states {|ei i} in H, i.e. |ψi = i ci |ei i, ci ∈ C. 1) The qubit: In classical computation, information is stored and manipulated in the form of bits. The mathematical structure of a classical bit is rather simple. It suffices to define two ‘logical ...
... |ψi may be described P as a superposition of basis states {|ei i} in H, i.e. |ψi = i ci |ei i, ci ∈ C. 1) The qubit: In classical computation, information is stored and manipulated in the form of bits. The mathematical structure of a classical bit is rather simple. It suffices to define two ‘logical ...
Quantum Phase Transitions - Subir Sachdev
... Normally, we do this by raising temperature. The resulting phase transition between phases characterized by (1) and (2) is well understood, and described by the well-developed theory of classical phase transitions. This shall not be our interest here. Rather, we are interested in moving from magneti ...
... Normally, we do this by raising temperature. The resulting phase transition between phases characterized by (1) and (2) is well understood, and described by the well-developed theory of classical phase transitions. This shall not be our interest here. Rather, we are interested in moving from magneti ...
Quantum information processing by nuclear magnetic resonance
... novel way to encode and process information. The information is primary; the underlying physical system only matters as a vehicle for that information. Quantum computer scientists view a set of n interacting spins-1/2 not for the insight it offers into the nature of magnetic materials, but as a way ...
... novel way to encode and process information. The information is primary; the underlying physical system only matters as a vehicle for that information. Quantum computer scientists view a set of n interacting spins-1/2 not for the insight it offers into the nature of magnetic materials, but as a way ...
Very brief introduction to Conformal Field Theory
... The entanglement entropy in a bipartition A U B scales as ...
... The entanglement entropy in a bipartition A U B scales as ...
Particles in a Quantum Ontology of Properties
... Such a mere possibility remains mysterious and one wonders whether one cannot do without it. From a scientific viewpoint it is natural to wonder whether it is not possible to work directly with the physical properties themselves that characterize a system. The situation in quantum mechanics reinforc ...
... Such a mere possibility remains mysterious and one wonders whether one cannot do without it. From a scientific viewpoint it is natural to wonder whether it is not possible to work directly with the physical properties themselves that characterize a system. The situation in quantum mechanics reinforc ...
Ch.1 Identical particles
... is based on experimental observation. Indeed, this is how Pauli came to formulate his famous principle [Pauli (1925)]. By analyzing experimental Zeeman spectra of atoms, he concluded that electrons in the atom could not occupy the same single-particle (sp) quantum state. In order to deal with this o ...
... is based on experimental observation. Indeed, this is how Pauli came to formulate his famous principle [Pauli (1925)]. By analyzing experimental Zeeman spectra of atoms, he concluded that electrons in the atom could not occupy the same single-particle (sp) quantum state. In order to deal with this o ...
Quantum algorithms for shortest paths problems in structured instances
... 2. Pick a random sample S of O(n/ℓ) nodes that with high probability hits some shortest path for each pair of nodes with a shortest path on many (≥ ℓ) nodes. Compute the distances d(s, v) and d(s, v) for all s ∈ S and v ∈ V using a variant of Dijkstra’s algorithm particular to the shortest paths pro ...
... 2. Pick a random sample S of O(n/ℓ) nodes that with high probability hits some shortest path for each pair of nodes with a shortest path on many (≥ ℓ) nodes. Compute the distances d(s, v) and d(s, v) for all s ∈ S and v ∈ V using a variant of Dijkstra’s algorithm particular to the shortest paths pro ...
Quantum computing
Quantum computing studies theoretical computation systems (quantum computers) that make direct use of quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. Quantum computers are different from digital computers based on transistors. Whereas digital computers require data to be encoded into binary digits (bits), each of which is always in one of two definite states (0 or 1), quantum computation uses quantum bits (qubits), which can be in superpositions of states. A quantum Turing machine is a theoretical model of such a computer, and is also known as the universal quantum computer. Quantum computers share theoretical similarities with non-deterministic and probabilistic computers. The field of quantum computing was initiated by the work of Yuri Manin in 1980, Richard Feynman in 1982, and David Deutsch in 1985. A quantum computer with spins as quantum bits was also formulated for use as a quantum space–time in 1968.As of 2015, the development of actual quantum computers is still in its infancy, but experiments have been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed on a very small number of quantum bits. Both practical and theoretical research continues, and many national governments and military agencies are funding quantum computing research in an effort to develop quantum computers for civilian, business, trade, and national security purposes, such as cryptanalysis.Large-scale quantum computers will be able to solve certain problems much more quickly than any classical computers that use even the best currently known algorithms, like integer factorization using Shor's algorithm or the simulation of quantum many-body systems. There exist quantum algorithms, such as Simon's algorithm, that run faster than any possible probabilistic classical algorithm.Given sufficient computational resources, however, a classical computer could be made to simulate any quantum algorithm, as quantum computation does not violate the Church–Turing thesis.