The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Economic Growth
... chapter, we provide overviews of the relevant literature and complement them with some new material.2 We concentrate on economically developed economies (OECD countries) and do not discuss the (sizeable presence of) self-employment in the agricultural sector. Explanations for economic growth have ge ...
... chapter, we provide overviews of the relevant literature and complement them with some new material.2 We concentrate on economically developed economies (OECD countries) and do not discuss the (sizeable presence of) self-employment in the agricultural sector. Explanations for economic growth have ge ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES WHY IS ECONOMIC POLICY
... after controlling for characteristics such as per-capita income and the age-structure of the population, investigated what significant differences remained in answers to the survey questions. These results from equations based on the mean values for each country are summarized in Table 1. We note thr ...
... after controlling for characteristics such as per-capita income and the age-structure of the population, investigated what significant differences remained in answers to the survey questions. These results from equations based on the mean values for each country are summarized in Table 1. We note thr ...
The Ups and Downs of Minimum Wage Policy
... models (Bowles 1985; Shapiro and Stiglitz 1984). These models also explained why wages do not get competed down to a level that eliminates unemployment. The persistence of unemployment provides the basis for another popular economic intuition that has justified minimum wages. In this approach, worker ...
... models (Bowles 1985; Shapiro and Stiglitz 1984). These models also explained why wages do not get competed down to a level that eliminates unemployment. The persistence of unemployment provides the basis for another popular economic intuition that has justified minimum wages. In this approach, worker ...
Capital Flight and the Hollowing Out of the Philippine Economy in
... of basic human needs, including human development.1 Moreover, it is argued that a neoliberal environment benefits everyone rather than only an influential segment in society. Proponents of neoliberal economic policies also argue that this idea is self-evident and it will be realized if, for example, ...
... of basic human needs, including human development.1 Moreover, it is argued that a neoliberal environment benefits everyone rather than only an influential segment in society. Proponents of neoliberal economic policies also argue that this idea is self-evident and it will be realized if, for example, ...
read the full report
... during that time. This makes UHMAD by itself among the top 215 largest companies in the state of Hawaii by sales revenues. If we measure UHMAD by its total budget, it is the 155th largest enterprise in the state. In addition to the immediate impact presented above, spending by UHMAD and its employee ...
... during that time. This makes UHMAD by itself among the top 215 largest companies in the state of Hawaii by sales revenues. If we measure UHMAD by its total budget, it is the 155th largest enterprise in the state. In addition to the immediate impact presented above, spending by UHMAD and its employee ...
The Effects of Labor and Product Market Reforms
... opposite direction—one of the following three alternative criteria has to be met: (1) the OECD Economic Survey uses strong normative language to define the action, suggestive of an important measure (for example, “major reform”); (2) the policy action is mentioned repeatedly across different editio ...
... opposite direction—one of the following three alternative criteria has to be met: (1) the OECD Economic Survey uses strong normative language to define the action, suggestive of an important measure (for example, “major reform”); (2) the policy action is mentioned repeatedly across different editio ...
CHAPTER 8 National Income and Environmental
... • Volunteer work is not accounted for. Standard measures do not count the benefits of volunteer work, even though such work can contribute to social well-being as much as paid work. • Household production is not included. While standard accounting measures include the paid labor from such market h ...
... • Volunteer work is not accounted for. Standard measures do not count the benefits of volunteer work, even though such work can contribute to social well-being as much as paid work. • Household production is not included. While standard accounting measures include the paid labor from such market h ...
Redefining the Role of the State
... long for the shortcomings of central planning to be recognised, a very important lesson from twentieth century economic history is the catastrophic failure of Soviet-style state-led industrialisation as a means of organising and co-ordinating economic activity on a sustainable basis (Sachs, 1999). F ...
... long for the shortcomings of central planning to be recognised, a very important lesson from twentieth century economic history is the catastrophic failure of Soviet-style state-led industrialisation as a means of organising and co-ordinating economic activity on a sustainable basis (Sachs, 1999). F ...
UK BUSINESS CONFIDENCE MONITOR Q1 2009 West Midlands Summary Report
... end of 2009. The latest UK Business Confidence Monitor data corroborates this, with firms reporting that they expect to cut their workforce over the coming year. As we predicted, inflation is disappearing as fast as it arrived. Commodity prices have fallen significantly and domestic demand is contra ...
... end of 2009. The latest UK Business Confidence Monitor data corroborates this, with firms reporting that they expect to cut their workforce over the coming year. As we predicted, inflation is disappearing as fast as it arrived. Commodity prices have fallen significantly and domestic demand is contra ...
Economic Freedom and Economic Volatility, pp. 60-76
... the economy goes through adjustments in technology and new products. Open capital markets means funds can pour in or out of an economy quickly. A large public sector (reducing a nation’s EF index number) will tend to have a smaller reaction to an economic downturn, and may not layoff as many employe ...
... the economy goes through adjustments in technology and new products. Open capital markets means funds can pour in or out of an economy quickly. A large public sector (reducing a nation’s EF index number) will tend to have a smaller reaction to an economic downturn, and may not layoff as many employe ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES SPECULATIVE GROWTH Ricardo J. Caballero Mohamad L. Hammour
... that create a wedge between private and social returns on investment, bubbles can arise even if the bubbleless economy is dynamically efficient (e.g., Saint-Paul, 1992; Grossman and Yanagawa, 1993; King and Ferguson, 1993). That is because dynamic efficiency requires that the social rate of return e ...
... that create a wedge between private and social returns on investment, bubbles can arise even if the bubbleless economy is dynamically efficient (e.g., Saint-Paul, 1992; Grossman and Yanagawa, 1993; King and Ferguson, 1993). That is because dynamic efficiency requires that the social rate of return e ...
What value is gross domestic product?
... Unfortunately, real GDP fails miserably as an indicator of sustainable economic welfare. To begin with, it fails to separate and compare the benefits and costs of economic activity. Indeed, real GDP often counts some costs as benefits. It has already been explained in relation to Hicksian income tha ...
... Unfortunately, real GDP fails miserably as an indicator of sustainable economic welfare. To begin with, it fails to separate and compare the benefits and costs of economic activity. Indeed, real GDP often counts some costs as benefits. It has already been explained in relation to Hicksian income tha ...
Title: Why Foreign Aid may be More Effective at Promoting Economic
... For some contrary evidence concerning this relationship, see Vreeland 2003, chapter 5. ...
... For some contrary evidence concerning this relationship, see Vreeland 2003, chapter 5. ...
Giancarlo Bertocco Money as an institution of capitalism. On the
... function of money as a means of exchange assumes importance, while in a capitalist economy the non neutrality of money is based on his store of wealth function.4 By specifying this function of money Keynes, in the General Theory, highlights the monetary nature of the interest rate and shows that th ...
... function of money as a means of exchange assumes importance, while in a capitalist economy the non neutrality of money is based on his store of wealth function.4 By specifying this function of money Keynes, in the General Theory, highlights the monetary nature of the interest rate and shows that th ...
economics notes – topic 3: economic issues
... Most economics traditionally believed that the most important factor determining economic growth was the ability of firms to produce goods and services i.e. the level of total output, or supply. John Maynard Keynes developed a theory that stated the most important influence on economic growth wa ...
... Most economics traditionally believed that the most important factor determining economic growth was the ability of firms to produce goods and services i.e. the level of total output, or supply. John Maynard Keynes developed a theory that stated the most important influence on economic growth wa ...
Consumer Awareness on Economic Indicators
... Economic indicators can have a huge impact on the market; therefore, knowing how to interpret and analyze them is important. History has shown strong correlations between economic growth and corporate profit growth. However, determining whether a specific company will grow its earnings based on one ...
... Economic indicators can have a huge impact on the market; therefore, knowing how to interpret and analyze them is important. History has shown strong correlations between economic growth and corporate profit growth. However, determining whether a specific company will grow its earnings based on one ...
Chapter 3 Productivity, Output, and Employment
... A permanent increase in the real wage rate has a _____ income effect on labor supply than a temporary increase in the real wage, so labor supply is _____ with a permanent wage increase than for a temporary wage increase. (a) larger; more (b) larger; less (c) smaller; more (d) smaller; less Answer: B ...
... A permanent increase in the real wage rate has a _____ income effect on labor supply than a temporary increase in the real wage, so labor supply is _____ with a permanent wage increase than for a temporary wage increase. (a) larger; more (b) larger; less (c) smaller; more (d) smaller; less Answer: B ...
Business Confidence and Depression Prevention: A Mesoeconomic
... of a representative firm that is not necessarily perfectly competitive to analyze the effects of economy-wide changes on aggregate output and the price level (dubbed "mesoeconomics" for brevity). It takes account of the profit-maximization calculation at the firm level as well as interfirm interacti ...
... of a representative firm that is not necessarily perfectly competitive to analyze the effects of economy-wide changes on aggregate output and the price level (dubbed "mesoeconomics" for brevity). It takes account of the profit-maximization calculation at the firm level as well as interfirm interacti ...
Principles of Economics Third Edition by Fred Gottheil
... contribute to the business cycle? • Having acquired additional capital stock through investment, firms must experience even higher sales. But if consumers simply maintain their level of consumption, inventories build up and investment declines, initiating the downward phase of the cycle. Gottheil - ...
... contribute to the business cycle? • Having acquired additional capital stock through investment, firms must experience even higher sales. But if consumers simply maintain their level of consumption, inventories build up and investment declines, initiating the downward phase of the cycle. Gottheil - ...
Human Capital Externality, Knowledge Spillover, and Sustainable
... verified theoretically and empirically that human capital plays a vital role in the process of economic growth, and it is also a fundamental element to promote long-term economic growth. In 1988, Lucas made one explanation to human capital externality2 , he divided the effect of human capital into i ...
... verified theoretically and empirically that human capital plays a vital role in the process of economic growth, and it is also a fundamental element to promote long-term economic growth. In 1988, Lucas made one explanation to human capital externality2 , he divided the effect of human capital into i ...
MARXIAN CRISIS THEORY AND THE POSTWAR U. S. ECONOMY
... been to move their production operations to low-wage areas of the world. This has been the main driving force behind the so-called “globalization” of recent decades: a world-wide search for lower wages in order to increase the rate of profit. Another strategy has been to make workers work harder and ...
... been to move their production operations to low-wage areas of the world. This has been the main driving force behind the so-called “globalization” of recent decades: a world-wide search for lower wages in order to increase the rate of profit. Another strategy has been to make workers work harder and ...
Economic Platforms: A Guide for Political Parties
... salaried individuals do not seek jobs in firms where employers will assume the costs of labor regulations. Different policy solutions may help reduce the size of the informal sector and provide incentives for firms and individuals to comply with regulations. In general terms, policies aimed at incre ...
... salaried individuals do not seek jobs in firms where employers will assume the costs of labor regulations. Different policy solutions may help reduce the size of the informal sector and provide incentives for firms and individuals to comply with regulations. In general terms, policies aimed at incre ...
the influence of direct democracy on the shadow economy
... the aim of this paper is to analyze theoretically and empirically, on a cross-country basis, the effects of direct democratic institutions on the size of the shadow economy. In our opinion, the development of the informal sector can also be considered as a consequence of the failure of public instit ...
... the aim of this paper is to analyze theoretically and empirically, on a cross-country basis, the effects of direct democratic institutions on the size of the shadow economy. In our opinion, the development of the informal sector can also be considered as a consequence of the failure of public instit ...