NAFTA, Trade, and Development
... all of the effects of trade liberalization can be attributed to NAFTA.iii In addition, macroeconomic factors such as financial crises, exchange rates, oil prices, and business cycles were important determinants of what actually occurred.iv Subsequent trade agreements, both multilateral (the formatio ...
... all of the effects of trade liberalization can be attributed to NAFTA.iii In addition, macroeconomic factors such as financial crises, exchange rates, oil prices, and business cycles were important determinants of what actually occurred.iv Subsequent trade agreements, both multilateral (the formatio ...
The Role of Tariffs in US Development, 1870-1913
... Paterson (1986) clearly document that economies of scale in U.S. manufacturing were substantial and pervasive during this period. Also Crafts and Venables (2001) argue that the agglomeration effect was an important force behind the industrialization of the U.S. These additional features allow me to ...
... Paterson (1986) clearly document that economies of scale in U.S. manufacturing were substantial and pervasive during this period. Also Crafts and Venables (2001) argue that the agglomeration effect was an important force behind the industrialization of the U.S. These additional features allow me to ...
secondary school improvement programme (ssip) 2015 - Sci
... bigger repayment instalments. This may indicate that the business cycle could be heading for a downward cycle, businesses might have to cut down production, unemployment may increase and economic growth will decline. ...
... bigger repayment instalments. This may indicate that the business cycle could be heading for a downward cycle, businesses might have to cut down production, unemployment may increase and economic growth will decline. ...
The Established Strategy for Economic Recovery in the United
... disagreement within the macroeconomic policymaking process ceases. Disagreements however tend to be more muted than in successive phases of the model, focusing less on macroeconomic norms, objectives and policy instruments and more on microeconomic policy and normative concerns regarding the sustai ...
... disagreement within the macroeconomic policymaking process ceases. Disagreements however tend to be more muted than in successive phases of the model, focusing less on macroeconomic norms, objectives and policy instruments and more on microeconomic policy and normative concerns regarding the sustai ...
Chapter 3 PPT
... • Because labor productivity is constant, define a unit labor requirement as the constant number of hours of labor required to produce one unit of output. aLW is the unit labor requirement for wine in the domestic country. For example, if aLW = 2, then it takes 2 hours of labor to produce one lite ...
... • Because labor productivity is constant, define a unit labor requirement as the constant number of hours of labor required to produce one unit of output. aLW is the unit labor requirement for wine in the domestic country. For example, if aLW = 2, then it takes 2 hours of labor to produce one lite ...
Chapter 3 PPT
... • Because labor productivity is constant, define a unit labor requirement as the constant number of hours of labor required to produce one unit of output. aLW is the unit labor requirement for wine in the domestic country. For example, if aLW = 2, then it takes 2 hours of labor to produce one lite ...
... • Because labor productivity is constant, define a unit labor requirement as the constant number of hours of labor required to produce one unit of output. aLW is the unit labor requirement for wine in the domestic country. For example, if aLW = 2, then it takes 2 hours of labor to produce one lite ...
A Perspective On The California Economy Office of the Legislative Analyst December 1988
... areas of particular importance to the state include the agricultural sector, aerospace (including the defense-related industries), and foreign trade. For example: • Agriculture. California had farm production in 1987that totaled nearly $16 billion. It is the nation's leading farm state and the top p ...
... areas of particular importance to the state include the agricultural sector, aerospace (including the defense-related industries), and foreign trade. For example: • Agriculture. California had farm production in 1987that totaled nearly $16 billion. It is the nation's leading farm state and the top p ...
Keynesianism and the Scandinavian Models of - unu
... laissez faire tradition and a weak Socialist tradition. The modern industrialized economy had come to being on its own without much ...
... laissez faire tradition and a weak Socialist tradition. The modern industrialized economy had come to being on its own without much ...
Switzerland: Latin America Economic Relations Report 2016
... situation. In 2015, growth was slightly negative for the first time in six years and should remain that way this year. For many countries, recent economic difficulties are linked to the end of the super cycle for commodities, which account for more than 50% of Latin American exports. Since mid-2014, ...
... situation. In 2015, growth was slightly negative for the first time in six years and should remain that way this year. For many countries, recent economic difficulties are linked to the end of the super cycle for commodities, which account for more than 50% of Latin American exports. Since mid-2014, ...
economic growth
... ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES • If the economy at an early stage of economic development does not have a comparative advantage in manufactured products, is there a way to increase the size of this sector? • Yes, Governments can use domestic policies such as low taxes on manufacturing, direct gove ...
... ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES • If the economy at an early stage of economic development does not have a comparative advantage in manufactured products, is there a way to increase the size of this sector? • Yes, Governments can use domestic policies such as low taxes on manufacturing, direct gove ...
two centuries of convergence?
... had begun to spread elsewhere, to Canada, to the rest of the United States, to the Netherlands, to Germany, to Switzerland, to what is now Austria, to what is now the Czech Republic, and to France. However, all of these economies found themselves further from Britain in industrial structure in 1870 ...
... had begun to spread elsewhere, to Canada, to the rest of the United States, to the Netherlands, to Germany, to Switzerland, to what is now Austria, to what is now the Czech Republic, and to France. However, all of these economies found themselves further from Britain in industrial structure in 1870 ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the... of Economic Research Volume Title: International Economic Cooperation
... by individual foreign countries that fiscal expansion in their countries would lead not to appreciation, as in the United States, but rather to depreciation, as a result of loss of confidence in the sustainability of their balance of payments deficit. 8 The failure of the Mitterrand expansion in 198 ...
... by individual foreign countries that fiscal expansion in their countries would lead not to appreciation, as in the United States, but rather to depreciation, as a result of loss of confidence in the sustainability of their balance of payments deficit. 8 The failure of the Mitterrand expansion in 198 ...
Shifting blame for manufacturing job loss
... While domestic manufacturing output has declined as a share of GDP, there has been an enormous surge of net imports in the manufacturing sector. To measure whether or not consumers and businesses are really demanding less in the way of manufactured output, net imports as well as domestic production ...
... While domestic manufacturing output has declined as a share of GDP, there has been an enormous surge of net imports in the manufacturing sector. To measure whether or not consumers and businesses are really demanding less in the way of manufactured output, net imports as well as domestic production ...
Exemplar for Internal Assessment Resource Economics
... will increase, pushing up prices. We can see this from the AS/AD model from the price level shifting up from PL to PL1 due to the shift right of the AD curve. In the long run however we will see inflation decrease because as human capital increases due to the education policy we will see production ...
... will increase, pushing up prices. We can see this from the AS/AD model from the price level shifting up from PL to PL1 due to the shift right of the AD curve. In the long run however we will see inflation decrease because as human capital increases due to the education policy we will see production ...
S2012029_en.pdf
... Intrinsic to the equality of rights agenda is a minimum standard of well-being for all citizens that is progressive over time and is in step with the positive impacts of structural change. The State and tax policy should therefore play an increasingly robust role in providing social protection netwo ...
... Intrinsic to the equality of rights agenda is a minimum standard of well-being for all citizens that is progressive over time and is in step with the positive impacts of structural change. The State and tax policy should therefore play an increasingly robust role in providing social protection netwo ...
01 IEA Britain`s Econ Perf - Institute of Economic Affairs
... leading economies which he documents and analyses. He offers a plethora of data of the most interesting kinds. As one of the world’s most widely respected economic historians, he presents the best available data at every stage, and he warns us of their imperfections. As an economic historian who is ...
... leading economies which he documents and analyses. He offers a plethora of data of the most interesting kinds. As one of the world’s most widely respected economic historians, he presents the best available data at every stage, and he warns us of their imperfections. As an economic historian who is ...
Pattern and Sustainability of China`s Economic Growth
... trade disputes with other countries. Net export is increasing, accounting for 6.7% of GDP in 2006. Foreign exchange reserves, resulted from both trade surplus and capital inflow, mounting up to 1.066 trillion US dollars by the end of 2006; a large part of which was used to buy US treasure bonds. Ba ...
... trade disputes with other countries. Net export is increasing, accounting for 6.7% of GDP in 2006. Foreign exchange reserves, resulted from both trade surplus and capital inflow, mounting up to 1.066 trillion US dollars by the end of 2006; a large part of which was used to buy US treasure bonds. Ba ...
The impact of Brexit on foreign investment in the UK Swati Dhingra
... producer and KPMG (2014) argues that ‘much of the recent investment by car manufacturers is in new vehicles which will be predominantly for sale to the EU market.’ In 2014, the car industry contributed around 5.1% to UK exports, and about 40% of its car exports were to the EU. 2 In a survey of its m ...
... producer and KPMG (2014) argues that ‘much of the recent investment by car manufacturers is in new vehicles which will be predominantly for sale to the EU market.’ In 2014, the car industry contributed around 5.1% to UK exports, and about 40% of its car exports were to the EU. 2 In a survey of its m ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Timothy J. Kehoe Kim J. Ruhl
... The terms of trade — the price of imports relative to the price of exports — vary greatly over time and country. This variation makes the terms of trade a natural candidate for explaining country performance. Intuitively, we can think about foreign trade as a production technology: a country’s expor ...
... The terms of trade — the price of imports relative to the price of exports — vary greatly over time and country. This variation makes the terms of trade a natural candidate for explaining country performance. Intuitively, we can think about foreign trade as a production technology: a country’s expor ...
natural resource abundance, human capital and economic growth in
... Blomstrom and Meller, 1990). However, it is hard to find successful experiences of development in the second half of the twentieth century. In fact, it is easy to find experiences where this sector has been blamed for the underdevelopment or low growth rates of some economies (Bravo-Ortega and Grego ...
... Blomstrom and Meller, 1990). However, it is hard to find successful experiences of development in the second half of the twentieth century. In fact, it is easy to find experiences where this sector has been blamed for the underdevelopment or low growth rates of some economies (Bravo-Ortega and Grego ...
Why Do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?
... certain plausible conditions. An important precursor to this paper is a study by David Cameron published in 1978 (Cameron 1978). Cameron showed that the best single predictor of the increase in an OECD government's tax revenue (as a share of GDP) between 1960 and 1975 was the economy's openness in 1 ...
... certain plausible conditions. An important precursor to this paper is a study by David Cameron published in 1978 (Cameron 1978). Cameron showed that the best single predictor of the increase in an OECD government's tax revenue (as a share of GDP) between 1960 and 1975 was the economy's openness in 1 ...
China`s Emergence and Prospects as a Trading Nation
... Thus, through 1990, foreign investment was modest in size, geographically concentrated, and overwhelmingly oriented outward. In 1992 China began to offer significant domestic market access to foreign investors, particularly those who could offer "advanced technology." The definition of advanced tech ...
... Thus, through 1990, foreign investment was modest in size, geographically concentrated, and overwhelmingly oriented outward. In 1992 China began to offer significant domestic market access to foreign investors, particularly those who could offer "advanced technology." The definition of advanced tech ...
Study on Selection Index System of Leading Industries under
... dominant and driving role for other industries, which decides that selection of leading industries has to correspond with development stage of regional economy and industrialization development level, and leading industries should have the fundamental conditions of self-development and the ability t ...
... dominant and driving role for other industries, which decides that selection of leading industries has to correspond with development stage of regional economy and industrialization development level, and leading industries should have the fundamental conditions of self-development and the ability t ...
III. trade policies and practices by measure
... The tariff continues to be the Maldives' principal source of tax revenue, accounting for around two thirds of tax receipts, as well as its main trade policy instrument. During the period under review, the average applied MFN rate (21.4% in 2008) changed marginally, due to a change in nomenclature ra ...
... The tariff continues to be the Maldives' principal source of tax revenue, accounting for around two thirds of tax receipts, as well as its main trade policy instrument. During the period under review, the average applied MFN rate (21.4% in 2008) changed marginally, due to a change in nomenclature ra ...
Convergence and Development Traps: How did emerging
... mixes two aspects: a macroeconomic analysis of factors that may lock a country in a lowlevel equilibrium, and a microeconomic theory explaining why a poor individual stays poor. Obviously, the two notions are not independent, but they are not synonymous either: an underdevelopment trap may be, for i ...
... mixes two aspects: a macroeconomic analysis of factors that may lock a country in a lowlevel equilibrium, and a microeconomic theory explaining why a poor individual stays poor. Obviously, the two notions are not independent, but they are not synonymous either: an underdevelopment trap may be, for i ...