parallel
... Shared-disk too, but less standard Shared-mem easy, costly. Doesn’t scaleup. Shared-nothing cheap, scales well, harder to implement. ...
... Shared-disk too, but less standard Shared-mem easy, costly. Doesn’t scaleup. Shared-nothing cheap, scales well, harder to implement. ...
Chapter 4: Advanced SQL - United International College
... only values greater than a specified value. create domain hourly_wage numeric(5,2) constraint value_test check(value > = 4.00) ...
... only values greater than a specified value. create domain hourly_wage numeric(5,2) constraint value_test check(value > = 4.00) ...
September 2014 report
... (inconsistency and loss of data) generated by the three types of anomalies. Most candidates were able to provide an example of an update anomaly, but not so much for insert and delete anomalies. For example, a typical mistake is to assume that a new staff cannot be inserted if they do not have a roo ...
... (inconsistency and loss of data) generated by the three types of anomalies. Most candidates were able to provide an example of an update anomaly, but not so much for insert and delete anomalies. For example, a typical mistake is to assume that a new staff cannot be inserted if they do not have a roo ...
Concurrent Control
... • Serial Schedule: The operations of each concurrent transaction are executed consecutively without any interleaved operations from other transactions. • Nonserial Schedule: The operations from a set of concurrent transactions are interleaved. – Maximizing database availability ...
... • Serial Schedule: The operations of each concurrent transaction are executed consecutively without any interleaved operations from other transactions. • Nonserial Schedule: The operations from a set of concurrent transactions are interleaved. – Maximizing database availability ...
Pclec08
... General Principle: Data compliance with a set of rules Rules Location: Best embodied in the DBMS If they are contained in an application, there is the danger of saturating a network and causing degraded performance. This is particularly so in client / server computing - but are ALL the rules applica ...
... General Principle: Data compliance with a set of rules Rules Location: Best embodied in the DBMS If they are contained in an application, there is the danger of saturating a network and causing degraded performance. This is particularly so in client / server computing - but are ALL the rules applica ...
Document
... How two or more databases can be temporarily combined without creating a new database, modifying a database table, or modifying landscape features; What types of GIS processes are available when there is a need to associate data from different sources; How non-spatial data can be associated with spa ...
... How two or more databases can be temporarily combined without creating a new database, modifying a database table, or modifying landscape features; What types of GIS processes are available when there is a need to associate data from different sources; How non-spatial data can be associated with spa ...
Structure and Functions of Computer Database Systems
... hardware, and by independent suppliers—especially for IBM and its clones, and for the DEC VAX System. For the microcomputer, the DBMS may have restricted capabilities. Because of limited processing power, such DBMS may have reduced file access capabilities and no query language at all. Examples of D ...
... hardware, and by independent suppliers—especially for IBM and its clones, and for the DEC VAX System. For the microcomputer, the DBMS may have restricted capabilities. Because of limited processing power, such DBMS may have reduced file access capabilities and no query language at all. Examples of D ...
Document
... • At this layer, the set of relational operator supported by the DBMS are implemented. • The most common of the operators are: ...
... • At this layer, the set of relational operator supported by the DBMS are implemented. • The most common of the operators are: ...
PowerPoint Slides - The Astro Home Page
... Discuss the terms character, field, record, and file ...
... Discuss the terms character, field, record, and file ...
Analysis Services
... You have small/medium models that fit in server memory You need a non-multidimensional model You have simple models (and not need neither of the unsupported features) You really never understood MDX (just give a try to DAX, although is not so simple than they say) You are an enthusiastic a ...
... You have small/medium models that fit in server memory You need a non-multidimensional model You have simple models (and not need neither of the unsupported features) You really never understood MDX (just give a try to DAX, although is not so simple than they say) You are an enthusiastic a ...
Performance Matters
... features such as column store indexes and memory optimized tables (SQL 2014). ...
... features such as column store indexes and memory optimized tables (SQL 2014). ...
Relation
... … × Xk. If all of the Xj for j = 1 to k are the same set X, then L is more simply called a k-ary relation over X. The set F(L) is called the figure of L and, providing that the sequence of sets X1, …, Xk is fixed throughout a given discussion or determinate in context, one may regard the relation L ...
... … × Xk. If all of the Xj for j = 1 to k are the same set X, then L is more simply called a k-ary relation over X. The set F(L) is called the figure of L and, providing that the sequence of sets X1, …, Xk is fixed throughout a given discussion or determinate in context, one may regard the relation L ...
Introduction to GIS - University of Vermont
... created between one or more flat files or tables based on the idea that each pair of tables has a field in common, or “key”. In a relational database, the records are generally different in each table The advantages: each table can be prepared and maintained separately, tables can remain separate un ...
... created between one or more flat files or tables based on the idea that each pair of tables has a field in common, or “key”. In a relational database, the records are generally different in each table The advantages: each table can be prepared and maintained separately, tables can remain separate un ...
Simulating MDBS Transaction Management Protocols
... Simulating a MDBS with different protocols will provide insight into the performance of the protocols and any possible improvements. Current protocols are inadequate for use in wide-scale. production multidatabase systems. ...
... Simulating a MDBS with different protocols will provide insight into the performance of the protocols and any possible improvements. Current protocols are inadequate for use in wide-scale. production multidatabase systems. ...
Architecture
... In order to set the scene for the module we are going to start by looking at some of the many considerations when thinking about building software. I want to start by examining a perfectly reasonable looking web application and think about the kinds of problems created by its faulty design. Once we ...
... In order to set the scene for the module we are going to start by looking at some of the many considerations when thinking about building software. I want to start by examining a perfectly reasonable looking web application and think about the kinds of problems created by its faulty design. Once we ...
- Courses - University of California, Berkeley
... • Generally, end-users of database data probably do not want to learn SQL in order to access the information in the database • Instead, they would prefer to use a familiar PC or Web interface that uses the graphical conventions and behaviors that they are familiar with • Today we will look at PC –st ...
... • Generally, end-users of database data probably do not want to learn SQL in order to access the information in the database • Instead, they would prefer to use a familiar PC or Web interface that uses the graphical conventions and behaviors that they are familiar with • Today we will look at PC –st ...
Midterm exam solution
... majors_offered is also a multi-valued attribute which violate the 1NF. To fix this, the best approach would be to create a new relation called major and link it with the department and course tables. ...
... majors_offered is also a multi-valued attribute which violate the 1NF. To fix this, the best approach would be to create a new relation called major and link it with the department and course tables. ...
Text S1.
... developed in Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 and validates system users. It does not permit modification of data, only invalidation of the CBC result if something went wrong. The system notes when and by whom a CBC result is invalidated. It also allows review of all the CBC counts performed for each stud ...
... developed in Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 and validates system users. It does not permit modification of data, only invalidation of the CBC result if something went wrong. The system notes when and by whom a CBC result is invalidated. It also allows review of all the CBC counts performed for each stud ...
week11 - Arms-A
... Provides call-level interface for the execution of SQL statements from a Java language program ...
... Provides call-level interface for the execution of SQL statements from a Java language program ...
Chapter 1 - Course categories
... Those who actually use and control the database content, and those who design, develop and maintain database applications (called “Actors on the Scene”), and Those who design and develop the DBMS software and related tools, and the computer systems operators (called “Workers Behind the ...
... Those who actually use and control the database content, and those who design, develop and maintain database applications (called “Actors on the Scene”), and Those who design and develop the DBMS software and related tools, and the computer systems operators (called “Workers Behind the ...
Applying Database Replication to Multi
... – Data consistency is guaranteed – Response time is good, even in WANs. – Scalability is not good. • Read-one / Write-All replication only scales if the percentage of reads is very high. • Future work: use partial replication (Write only a few servers) ...
... – Data consistency is guaranteed – Response time is good, even in WANs. – Scalability is not good. • Read-one / Write-All replication only scales if the percentage of reads is very high. • Future work: use partial replication (Write only a few servers) ...
CS263 - Computing - University of Surrey
... the relational model (SQL-92), and will therefore be backward-compatible with SQL3. ORDBMS - search, access and manipulate complex data types in the database with standard SQL (SQL3), without breaking the rules of the relational data model. OODBMS – The ODMG standard group’s OQL is now the de-facto ...
... the relational model (SQL-92), and will therefore be backward-compatible with SQL3. ORDBMS - search, access and manipulate complex data types in the database with standard SQL (SQL3), without breaking the rules of the relational data model. OODBMS – The ODMG standard group’s OQL is now the de-facto ...
Relational Database Systems 1 - IfIS
... • They should furthermore be able to – design and implement a database for any specified domain using ER-Diagrams or UML-Diagrams, the Relational Model and SQL-DDL – normalize a given relational database schema – enhance the database with views, indexes, constraints, and triggers – formulate data re ...
... • They should furthermore be able to – design and implement a database for any specified domain using ER-Diagrams or UML-Diagrams, the Relational Model and SQL-DDL – normalize a given relational database schema – enhance the database with views, indexes, constraints, and triggers – formulate data re ...
Relational model
The relational model for database management is an approach to managing data using a structure and language consistent with first-order predicate logic, first described in 1969 by Edgar F. Codd. In the relational model of a database, all data is represented in terms of tuples, grouped into relations. A database organized in terms of the relational model is a relational database.The purpose of the relational model is to provide a declarative method for specifying data and queries: users directly state what information the database contains and what information they want from it, and let the database management system software take care of describing data structures for storing the data and retrieval procedures for answering queries.Most relational databases use the SQL data definition and query language; these systems implement what can be regarded as an engineering approximation to the relational model. A table in an SQL database schema corresponds to a predicate variable; the contents of a table to a relation; key constraints, other constraints, and SQL queries correspond to predicates. However, SQL databases deviate from the relational model in many details, and Codd fiercely argued against deviations that compromise the original principles.