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The Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API
The Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API

... A stored procedure is a group of SQL statements that form a logical unit and perform a particular task. String createProcedure = "create procedure SHOW_SUPPLIERS " + "as " + "select SUPPLIERS.SUP_NAME, COFFEES.COF_NAME " + "from SUPPLIERS, COFFEES " + "where SUPPLIERS.SUP_ID = COFFEES.SUP_ID " + "or ...
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... Programs written according to the JDBC API would talk to the JDBC driver manager, which in turn, would use the drivers that were plugged into it at that moment to talk to the actual database. JDBC consists of two layers. 1. JDBC API, it communicates with the JDBC manager driver API, sending it the v ...
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... from the DB to the answer. The big O is evaluated in terms of the size of the database, which is always nite. The following languages are equivalent w.r.t. expressive power: 1. Relational Algebra expressions 2. Safe relational calculus queries (tuple or domain) 3. Datalog with Safe non-recursive ru ...
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... AS has many varied applications, and in many situations, data analysts use SAS, to automate reporting and data summarization processes. Proc SQL is a powerful procedure, which could be used to pull data from databases, manipulate and summarize the data within SAS, as per the requirement and then ema ...
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...  may be all to revoke all privileges the revokee may hold.  If includes public, all users lose the privilege except those granted it explicitly.  If the same privilege was granted twice to the same user by different grantors, the user may retain the privilege after ...
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Open Database Connectivity

In computing, ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) is a standard programming language middleware API for accessing database management systems (DBMS). The designers of ODBC aimed to make it independent of database systems and operating systems. An application written using ODBC can be ported to other platforms, both on the client and server side, with few changes to the data access code.ODBC accomplishes DBMS independence by using an ODBC driver as a translation layer between the application and the DBMS. The application uses ODBC functions through an ODBC driver manager with which it is linked, and the driver passes the query to the DBMS. An ODBC driver can be thought of as analogous to a printer driver or other driver, providing a standard set of functions for the application to use, and implementing DBMS-specific functionality. An application that can use ODBC is referred to as ""ODBC-compliant"". Any ODBC-compliant application can access any DBMS for which a driver is installed. Drivers exist for all major DBMSs, many other data sources like address book systems and Microsoft Excel, and even for text or CSV files.ODBC was originally developed by Microsoft during the early 1990s, and became the basis for the Call Level Interface (CLI) standardized by SQL Access Group in the Unix and mainframe world. ODBC retained a number of features that were removed as part of the CLI effort. Full ODBC was later ported back to those platforms, and became a de facto standard considerably better known than CLI. The CLI remains similar to ODBC, and applications can be ported from one platform to the other with few changes.
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