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Social marketing transformed: Kotler, Polonsky and Hastings reflect
Social marketing transformed: Kotler, Polonsky and Hastings reflect

... argued for a broader remit for marketing, one that superseded toothpaste and soap; challenging detractors (Luck, 1969; Bartels, 1976) who believed that this would divert marketing attention away from critical issues. Although social marketing is no longer controversial and has found ‘‘its true natur ...
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... global company. This means that the old school seller must work his way around the different parts of the organization in different geographies to find the person who owns the problem that his product can to solve. Once again, the old school sales model will show that it comes in to late, when the f ...
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... maintaining a positive image, handling or heading off unfavorable stories or events, and maintaining positive relationships with the media. Reach: Measure of consumers’ exposure to marketing communications; the percentage of the target population exposed to a specific marketing communication, such a ...
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... environment. Despite the search engine or network used, PPC brings certain common benefits for businesses large and small. The first of these advantages is speed to market. While it can take several months for search engine optimization to bear fruit, it takes only hours for a PPC campaign to start ...
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... reviews (Yu & Hang, 2010). Since consumer reviews influence consumers’ perceptions and provide insights into their needs, Yu and Hang suggested that this framework was ...
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... We use a combination of methods to assess the Foundation Certificate in Marketing. For the Marketing Principles module, there will be an external assessment consisting of a 90 minute online test, in which you answer 50 multiple-choice questions. In the Customer Communications module, the external as ...
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... the results of their programs. In this context, marketing decisions are often made without the information, expertise, and measurable feedback needed. As Procter & Gamble’s Chief Marketing Officer has said, “Marketing is a $450 billion industry, and we are making decisions with less data and discipl ...
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Target audience

A target audience is the intended audience or readership of a publication, advertisement, or other message. In marketing and advertising, it is a specific group of people within the target market at which a product or the marketing message of a product is aimed (Kotler 2000). For example, if a company sells new diet programs for men with heart disease (target market), the communication may be aimed at those men but also perhaps at their spouses (target audience). Targeted marketing and targeted advertising strive for narrowcasting rather than broadcasting.A target audience can be formed of people of a certain age group, gender, marital status, etc., e.g. teenagers, females, single people, etc. A combination of factors, e.g. men aged 20–30 is a common target audience. Other groups, although not the main focus, may also be interested. Discovering the appropriate target market(s)and determining the target audience is one of the most important activities in marketing management (Niewenhuizen et al. 2000). Perhaps the biggest mistake it is possible to make in targeting is trying to reach everybody and ending up appealing to no-one.
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