General Pharmacokinetics
... c) Activation of inactive drug. Few drugs (so called prodrugs) are inactive as such. They need conversion in the body to one or more active metabolites (e.g. levodopa, benfothiamine, enalapril, perindopril). The prodrug may offer advantages: their active forms may be more stable; they can have bette ...
... c) Activation of inactive drug. Few drugs (so called prodrugs) are inactive as such. They need conversion in the body to one or more active metabolites (e.g. levodopa, benfothiamine, enalapril, perindopril). The prodrug may offer advantages: their active forms may be more stable; they can have bette ...
Non-Price Competition in “Substitute" Drugs: The
... The FTC challenged Lundbeck’s acquisition of the rights to NeoProfen and lost. The courts concluded that though Indocin and NeoProfen are meant to treat the same disease, they are not in the same “market” because “treatment decisions are based solely on perceived clinical advantages/disadvantages of ...
... The FTC challenged Lundbeck’s acquisition of the rights to NeoProfen and lost. The courts concluded that though Indocin and NeoProfen are meant to treat the same disease, they are not in the same “market” because “treatment decisions are based solely on perceived clinical advantages/disadvantages of ...
Routes of drug administration
... First pass - The liver is by-passed thus there is no loss of drug by first pass effect for buccal administration. Bioavailability thus is higher. Rapid absorption - Because of the good blood supply to the area absorption is usually quite rapid. Drug stability - pH in mouth relatively neutral (cf. st ...
... First pass - The liver is by-passed thus there is no loss of drug by first pass effect for buccal administration. Bioavailability thus is higher. Rapid absorption - Because of the good blood supply to the area absorption is usually quite rapid. Drug stability - pH in mouth relatively neutral (cf. st ...
NIDA InfoFacts- Hallucinogens
... • PCP. The use of PCP as an approved anesthetic in humans was discontinued in 1965 because patients often became agitated, delusional, and irrational while recovering from its anesthetic effects. PCP is a “dissociative drug,” meaning that it distorts perceptions of sight and sound and produces feeli ...
... • PCP. The use of PCP as an approved anesthetic in humans was discontinued in 1965 because patients often became agitated, delusional, and irrational while recovering from its anesthetic effects. PCP is a “dissociative drug,” meaning that it distorts perceptions of sight and sound and produces feeli ...
Polypharmacy—August 2010
... As an FYI… • Approximately one in four persons taking a prescription medication also takes a dietary supplement. Asthma, insomnia, depression, chronic GI disorders, pain, memory problems, and menopausal symptoms are the medical conditions for which supplements are most commonly used. Patients at hi ...
... As an FYI… • Approximately one in four persons taking a prescription medication also takes a dietary supplement. Asthma, insomnia, depression, chronic GI disorders, pain, memory problems, and menopausal symptoms are the medical conditions for which supplements are most commonly used. Patients at hi ...
Basic Principles of Pharmacology
... Is the drug getting into patient? • Pharmacokinetic process: Is the drug getting to its site of action? • Pharmacodynamic process: Is the drug producing the required pharmacological effect? • Therapeutic process (clinical pharmacology): Is the pharmacological effect being translated into therapeutic ...
... Is the drug getting into patient? • Pharmacokinetic process: Is the drug getting to its site of action? • Pharmacodynamic process: Is the drug producing the required pharmacological effect? • Therapeutic process (clinical pharmacology): Is the pharmacological effect being translated into therapeutic ...
NIDA InfoFacts - Hallucinogens
... • PCP. The use of PCP as an approved anesthetic in humans was discontinued in 1965 because patients often became agitated, delusional, and irrational while recovering from its anesthetic effects. PCP is a “dissociative drug,” meaning that it distorts perceptions of sight and sound and produces feeli ...
... • PCP. The use of PCP as an approved anesthetic in humans was discontinued in 1965 because patients often became agitated, delusional, and irrational while recovering from its anesthetic effects. PCP is a “dissociative drug,” meaning that it distorts perceptions of sight and sound and produces feeli ...
tetrahydrogestrinone (THG)
... periods up to 12 days in direct comparison to testosterone propionate (o.1mg/animal/day s. c.): THG induced (a dose dependent) androgenic effect on prostate and vesicular seminales parameters and LH serum levels in doses of 1,3,10mg/animal. This androgenic stimulation could be antagonized by the sim ...
... periods up to 12 days in direct comparison to testosterone propionate (o.1mg/animal/day s. c.): THG induced (a dose dependent) androgenic effect on prostate and vesicular seminales parameters and LH serum levels in doses of 1,3,10mg/animal. This androgenic stimulation could be antagonized by the sim ...
Dependence, Tolerance, and Addiction to Benzodiazepines: Clinical
... There is little reliable data on the nature and extent of habituation o r psychological dependence associated with benzodiazepine treatment. Many individuals ingest these drugs over long periods of time, but this certainly does not imply true habituation nor that their use of these derivatives is in ...
... There is little reliable data on the nature and extent of habituation o r psychological dependence associated with benzodiazepine treatment. Many individuals ingest these drugs over long periods of time, but this certainly does not imply true habituation nor that their use of these derivatives is in ...
file (Parkinsons Disease Topic
... A delayed or completely absent onset of drug Due to delayed gastric emptying or decreased absorption in the duodenum Intervention: ...
... A delayed or completely absent onset of drug Due to delayed gastric emptying or decreased absorption in the duodenum Intervention: ...
PIO Nas - Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan
... expectorations, shows effects as antagonizing the formation “in loco” of free radicals and ascontrasting the action of elastase enzyme. From pharmacological studies results that Erdosteine, as such, does not posses these properties but only after metabolization, into active metabolites which have th ...
... expectorations, shows effects as antagonizing the formation “in loco” of free radicals and ascontrasting the action of elastase enzyme. From pharmacological studies results that Erdosteine, as such, does not posses these properties but only after metabolization, into active metabolites which have th ...
Anticoagulants - Faculty Sites
... Objective 6: name the lab tests that are the basis to determine the effectiveness and dosage of heparin ...
... Objective 6: name the lab tests that are the basis to determine the effectiveness and dosage of heparin ...
View Document
... Effects on ability to drive and use machines Common adverse effects include drowsiness, sedation, amnesia, impaired muscular function, unsteadiness and ataxia may adversely effect the ability to drive or use machines, These are dose related and may persist into the following day, even after a single ...
... Effects on ability to drive and use machines Common adverse effects include drowsiness, sedation, amnesia, impaired muscular function, unsteadiness and ataxia may adversely effect the ability to drive or use machines, These are dose related and may persist into the following day, even after a single ...
of 2011 Edition A DEA REsouRcE GuiDE
... The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) places all substances which were in some manner regulated under existing federal law into one of five schedules. This placement is based upon the substance’s medical use, potential for abuse, and safety or dependence liability. The Act also provides a mechanism fo ...
... The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) places all substances which were in some manner regulated under existing federal law into one of five schedules. This placement is based upon the substance’s medical use, potential for abuse, and safety or dependence liability. The Act also provides a mechanism fo ...
Medical treatment for vertigo - ORL
... hypertrophy, glaucoma. Side-effects: somnolence, in case of prolonged use accommodation problems, dry mouth, urine retention, confusion or excitation in elderly people. In rare cases, tremor and gastrointestinal complaints. Very rare cases of leucopenia, agranulocytosis. Dosage: For an acute attack ...
... hypertrophy, glaucoma. Side-effects: somnolence, in case of prolonged use accommodation problems, dry mouth, urine retention, confusion or excitation in elderly people. In rare cases, tremor and gastrointestinal complaints. Very rare cases of leucopenia, agranulocytosis. Dosage: For an acute attack ...
Opioid Receptors - Science Mission
... opioid system (mu opioid receptor) Also affects dopaminergic system Enhances dopamine by inhibition of inhibitory GABAergic neurons Acts primarily on dopaminergic, as well as on serotonergic and noradrenergic presynaptic reuptake transporters Also affects mu and kappa opioid systems ...
... opioid system (mu opioid receptor) Also affects dopaminergic system Enhances dopamine by inhibition of inhibitory GABAergic neurons Acts primarily on dopaminergic, as well as on serotonergic and noradrenergic presynaptic reuptake transporters Also affects mu and kappa opioid systems ...
5th Lecture 1433
... An inverse agonist has higher affinity for R than for R* and thus will shift the equilibrium from the active (R*) to resting state (R) state A neutral antagonist has equal affinity for R and R* so does not by itself affect the conformational equilibrium but reduces by competition the binding of ...
... An inverse agonist has higher affinity for R than for R* and thus will shift the equilibrium from the active (R*) to resting state (R) state A neutral antagonist has equal affinity for R and R* so does not by itself affect the conformational equilibrium but reduces by competition the binding of ...
4-Antimanic (edited)..
... are the most commonly prescribed 60-80% success in reducing acute manic and hypomanic states It reduces the risk of suicide related to bipolar disorder ...
... are the most commonly prescribed 60-80% success in reducing acute manic and hypomanic states It reduces the risk of suicide related to bipolar disorder ...
CHEMICAL TRANSMITTERS IN THE CNS Drugs acting on CNS
... c. Bile: enterohepatic circulation. & Some are excreted in stool d. Milk: may affect suckling baby e. Renal: the major excretory route ...
... c. Bile: enterohepatic circulation. & Some are excreted in stool d. Milk: may affect suckling baby e. Renal: the major excretory route ...
kinetics.
... c) Activation of inactive drug. Few drugs (so called prodrugs) are inactive as such. They need conversion in the body to one or more active metabolites (e.g. levodopa, benfothiamine, enalapril, perindopril). The prodrug may offer advantages: their active forms may be more stable; they can have bette ...
... c) Activation of inactive drug. Few drugs (so called prodrugs) are inactive as such. They need conversion in the body to one or more active metabolites (e.g. levodopa, benfothiamine, enalapril, perindopril). The prodrug may offer advantages: their active forms may be more stable; they can have bette ...
NOVEL PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES treatments FOR
... exposed to a series of neutral and cocaine-related cues. Interestingly, under treatment conditions with valproate, participants reported higher craving (i.e., “desire to use now”) in response to cue exposure when compared to placebo condition. Due to limited sample size, however, further study of th ...
... exposed to a series of neutral and cocaine-related cues. Interestingly, under treatment conditions with valproate, participants reported higher craving (i.e., “desire to use now”) in response to cue exposure when compared to placebo condition. Due to limited sample size, however, further study of th ...
Respiratory System
... Route of administration Spacers : A spacer is a large-volume chamber attached to a metered-dose inhaler. Spacers decrease the deposition of drug in the mouth caused by improper inhaler technique . Spacers improve delivery of inhaled glucocorticoids and are advised for virtually all patients, especi ...
... Route of administration Spacers : A spacer is a large-volume chamber attached to a metered-dose inhaler. Spacers decrease the deposition of drug in the mouth caused by improper inhaler technique . Spacers improve delivery of inhaled glucocorticoids and are advised for virtually all patients, especi ...
Drug - Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics
... retinol for women is 700 mcg • One 547mL Fuze Vitalize bottle contains 3000 mcg • Increased risk of liver damage ...
... retinol for women is 700 mcg • One 547mL Fuze Vitalize bottle contains 3000 mcg • Increased risk of liver damage ...
Oral Fluid Drug Screen Device
... The OrALert™ Oral Fluid Drug Screen Device for AMP/mAMP/COC/OPI/THC/PCP is an immunoassay based on the principle of competitive binding. Drugs that may be present in the oral fluid specimen compete against their respective drug conjugates for binding sites on their specific antibody. During testing, ...
... The OrALert™ Oral Fluid Drug Screen Device for AMP/mAMP/COC/OPI/THC/PCP is an immunoassay based on the principle of competitive binding. Drugs that may be present in the oral fluid specimen compete against their respective drug conjugates for binding sites on their specific antibody. During testing, ...
Stimulant
Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic ""up"" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as ""uppers"". Depressants or ""downers"", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be their functional opposites. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.