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The Growth of Specialty Pharmacy
The Growth of Specialty Pharmacy

... conditions or undergoing chemotherapy treatment may visit infusion centers for ongoing therapy; and 3) patients who are taking self-injectable, oral or inhalable medications or those using skin patches may need concurrent treatment in physician offices, outpatient hospitals, other ambulatory care s ...
The Role of Subculture Theory in the Treatment and
The Role of Subculture Theory in the Treatment and

... Criminal justice programs that recognize such a multifaceted approach have become more common in recent years and more numerous in varied approaches (New York Commission on Drugs and the Courts, 2000). This is evident in the literature where comparative studies involving comparing them to traditiona ...
Comparisons of Food and Drug Administration and European
Comparisons of Food and Drug Administration and European

... include a medication guide, a patient package insert, a communication plan, and elements to ensure safe use. Examples of elements to ensure safe use include 1) dispensing only by pharmacies, practitioners, or health care settings that are specially certified and (2) the product being dispensed only ...
Global Action Plan on HIV Drug Resistance 2017–2021 Global
Global Action Plan on HIV Drug Resistance 2017–2021 Global

... use all available resources to expand access to ARVs. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) warns that after significant reductions, declines in new HIV infections among adults have stalled, failing to decline for at least 5 years and are even rising in some regions (7). If not add ...
West of Scotland Chronic Non Malignant Pain Opioid Prescribing
West of Scotland Chronic Non Malignant Pain Opioid Prescribing

... Renal Impaired patients For those patients with renal impairment, the likelihood of opioid toxicity with any opioid increases and the following guiding principles should be followed when prescribing opioids; ...
Drug Policy in Context - DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law
Drug Policy in Context - DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law

... practices of more than seventy-five years in which the most dominant feature has been an intense moral disapproval of drugs. The British, on the other hand, do not have this history of demonizing drugs and those who use them. As a consequence, their increasing reliance on criminal justice institutio ...
Stakeholders` Challenges and Red Flag Warning Signs
Stakeholders` Challenges and Red Flag Warning Signs

... balance to ensure that efforts aimed to minimize the potential for diversion, misuse, and abuse of controlled substance prescription medications do not restrict access for patients with legitimate medical need. Each of the stakeholder organizations plays an important role in addressing prescription ...
Cannabis A Short Review r Discussion Pape
Cannabis A Short Review r Discussion Pape

... remains  the  second  most  cited  drug  after  alcohol  in  car  crashes.  In  a  major  nationally‐representative U.S. sample found that more than 8 percent of weekend,  nighttime drivers tested positive for cannabis, nearly four times of the percentage of  drivers with the U.S. legal limit for al ...
MEDICAL CANNABIS - REVIEW OF RISKS AND
MEDICAL CANNABIS - REVIEW OF RISKS AND

... overdose in the United States. A recent study (2016) showed that in 17 studied medical cannabis states, the number of prescription doses decreased by almost 5,000 per doctor per year (40% of them were analgesics). OTHER CONSIDERATIONS Driving and performance of hazardous tasks - Patients must not dr ...
Fine-Tuning Specialty Distribution
Fine-Tuning Specialty Distribution

... is a very unique business model. Vaccines distributed by McKesson in support of this program are federally-funded to the grantees; therefore, no cost of goods is transacted, large stockpiles are managed in case of epidemics and substantial variation in seasonal demand exists particularly during flu ...
Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Capsules, USP Butalbital
Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Capsules, USP Butalbital

... Acetaminophen has been associated with cases of acute liver failure, at times resulting in liver transplant and death. Most of the cases of liver injury are associated with the use of acetaminophen at doses that exceed 4000 milligrams per day, and often involve more than one acetaminophen-containing ...
post exposure management: hepatitis b, hepatitis c and hiv
post exposure management: hepatitis b, hepatitis c and hiv

... In general, the risk of transmission is much greater for HBV than for both HCV and HIV. Risk of transmission for each of the 3 pathogens is summarized here. HBV The risk of transmission of HBV following a needle stick exposure from an infected source ranges from 6 to 30%(2). Risk of transmission fro ...
General Practitioners and HIV
General Practitioners and HIV

... accounting for 3% of newly acquired HIV infections in 2009, but is particularly prevalent in parts of Europe and Asia (including countries of the former Soviet Union) and the USA. Transmission by blood products largely occurred before the introduction of antibody screening in 1985 in Australia and w ...
Running head: NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME 1
Running head: NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME 1

... There has been some association with increased rate of NAS and longer hospital stay in infants born to mothers with poly-drug use. There is also a correlation between a higher methadone use and decrease amount of poly-drug use which suggests a higher dose of methadone reduces poly-drug use and side ...
FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS (FDTs): CURRENT STATUS, NEW
FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS (FDTs): CURRENT STATUS, NEW

... Candy Process and sublimation. In 1986, the first lyophilized fast-dissolving technology Zydis® was introduced (By Cardinal formerly R. P. Scherer) and several technologies are still improving. Keywords: Fast dissolving tablets, Patented technologies, Development approaches, Taste masking approaches ...
Alcohol dependence - Irish College of General Practitioners
Alcohol dependence - Irish College of General Practitioners

... Severe alcohol dependence is by far the biggest treatment challenge for any clinician and nearly all these cases will need to be referred by the GP for specialist care. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and the outcomes tend to be far poorer than in patients with less severe ...
sulfa allergy: cross-reactivity versus multiple
sulfa allergy: cross-reactivity versus multiple

... COX-2 inhibitors. Authors performed three meta-analyses and looked at data from 14 randomized controlled trials involving 11008 patients. In the first meta-analysis, patients with a reported allergy to sulfonylarylamines and non-sufonylarylamines, such as furosemide, thiazide diuretics or sulfonylur ...
European Union Standards for Tuberculosis Care ECDC/ERS TASK FORCE REPORT
European Union Standards for Tuberculosis Care ECDC/ERS TASK FORCE REPORT

... A Delphi process was performed to define the list of standards based on prior evidence [1, 2]. The panel of experts was asked to assign priorities to the first draft of 45 proposed standards and to complete the literature synopsis of the standards-supporting evidence with a score ranging from 5 (hig ...
Orally dissolving strips: A new approach to oral drug delivery system
Orally dissolving strips: A new approach to oral drug delivery system

... in existence for a number of years, they have recently become the new area of interest in fast‑dissolve pharmaceutical drug delivery. Dissolvable OTF or OS have evolved over the past few years from confection and oral care markets in the form of breath strips and become a novel and widely accepted f ...
2013 Prescription Drug Abuse: STRATEGIES
2013 Prescription Drug Abuse: STRATEGIES

... example, after Florida initiated a ...
Enteral Products
Enteral Products

... ? Chelates with multivalent cations: Ca, Iron, Mg or binds to EN protein Holding TF before and after each dose: often recommended but has not shown to improve absorption Ciprofloxacin: Option: increase dose for Levofloxacin – no data Moxifloxacin – best bioavailability with EN Best absorbed in faste ...
OBSERVATION OF METOPROLOL TARTARATE RELEASE FROM BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC IMPLANTS  Research Article
OBSERVATION OF METOPROLOL TARTARATE RELEASE FROM BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC IMPLANTS Research Article

... This interest has been fostered by the potential advantages these technology may provide including decrease of overall drug dose, associated with possible reduction or local or systemic side effects, as well as prolonged delivery period at desired releasing rate. The minimization of dosing frequency ...
Pain Management After Knee Replacement
Pain Management After Knee Replacement

... has been shown to be associated with an increased longevity of the prosthesis. Bariatric surgery, be that gastric banding or gastric sleeve, is designed to change eating habits and absorption of food. The latter of the procedures is the more complicated, but also the most powerful, procedure. These ...
CLINICAL SAFETY DATA MANAGEMENT:
CLINICAL SAFETY DATA MANAGEMENT:

... activity and potential efficacy and may guide the dosage and dose regimen in later studies. d) Early Measurement of Drug Activity Preliminary studies of activity or potential therapeutic benefit may be conducted in Phase I as a secondary objective. Such studies are generally performed in later phase ...
clinical safety data management
clinical safety data management

... activity and potential efficacy and may guide the dosage and dose regimen in later studies. d) Early Measurement of Drug Activity Preliminary studies of activity or potential therapeutic benefit may be conducted in Phase I as a secondary objective. Such studies are generally performed in later phase ...
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Harm reduction



Harm reduction (or harm minimization) is a range of public health policies designed to reduce the harmful consequences associated with various human behaviors, both legal and illegal. Harm reduction policies are used to manage behaviors such as recreational drug use and sexual activity in numerous settings that range from services through to geographical regions. Critics of harm reduction typically believe that tolerating risky or illegal behaviour sends a message to the community that such behaviours are acceptable and that some of the actions proposed by proponents of harm reduction do not reduce harm over the long term.Needle-exchange programmes reduce the likelihood of users of heroin and other drugs sharing the syringes and using them more than once. Syringe-sharing can lead to infections such as HIV or hepatitis C can spread from user to users through the reuse of syringes contaminated with infected blood. Needle and syringe programme (NSP) and Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) outlets in some settings offer basic primary health care. Safe injection site are legally sanctioned, medically supervised facilities designed to address public nuisance associated with drug use and provide a hygienic and stress-free environment for drug consumers. The facilities provide sterile injection equipment, information about drugs and basic health care, treatment referrals, and access to medical staff.Opioid replacement therapy (ORT), or opioid substitution therapy (OST), is the medical procedure of replacing an illegal opioid, such as heroin, with a longer acting but less euphoric opioid; methadone or buprenorphine are typically used and the drug is taken under medical supervision. Another approach is Heroin assisted treatment, in which medical prescriptions for pharmaceutical heroin (diacetylmorphine) are provided to heroin-dependent people. Toronto's Seaton House became the first homeless shelter in Canada to operate a ""wet shelter"" on a ""managed alcohol"" principle in which clients are served a glass of wine once an hour unless staff determine that they are too inebriated to continue. Previously, homeless alcoholics opted to stay on the streets often seeking alcohol from unsafe sources such as mouthwash, rubbing alcohol or industrial products which, in turn, resulted in frequent use of emergency medical facilities.A high amount of media coverage exists informing users of the dangers of driving drunk. Most alcohol users are now aware of these dangers and safe ride techniques like 'designated drivers' and free taxicab programmes are reducing the number of drunk-driving accidents. Many schools now provide safer sex education to teen and pre-teen students, who may engage in sexual activity. Since some adolescents are going to have sex, a harm-reductionist approach supports a sexual education which emphasizes the use of protective devices like condoms and dental dams to protect against unwanted pregnancy and the transmission of STIs. Since 1999 some countries have legalized prostitution, such as Germany (2002) and New Zealand (2003).Many street-level harm-reduction strategies have succeeded in reducing HIV transmission in injecting drug users and sex-workers. HIV education, HIV testing, condom use, and safer-sex negotiation greatly decreases the risk to the disease.
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