Critical Thinking
... water in a hot desert only to find out there really is no water. It is enough to drive anyone nuts! Kara Little: What causes these illusions? Captain P. Nutt: Changes in air temperature cause changes in air density. Mirages are caused when light is bent as it passes through layers of air that have d ...
... water in a hot desert only to find out there really is no water. It is enough to drive anyone nuts! Kara Little: What causes these illusions? Captain P. Nutt: Changes in air temperature cause changes in air density. Mirages are caused when light is bent as it passes through layers of air that have d ...
GENERATION OF HYDROGEN BY Rhodobacter sphaeroides
... Purple nonsulphur bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides are capable of photoheterotrophic growth when they are supplied with energy by light, with organic compounds being used as carbon and nitrogen sources. The energy in the form of quanta of light absorbed by photosynthetic complexes is converted into ...
... Purple nonsulphur bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides are capable of photoheterotrophic growth when they are supplied with energy by light, with organic compounds being used as carbon and nitrogen sources. The energy in the form of quanta of light absorbed by photosynthetic complexes is converted into ...
Finland
... It is visible from high southern latitudes in Antarctica, South America, New Zealand, and Australia ...
... It is visible from high southern latitudes in Antarctica, South America, New Zealand, and Australia ...
Intro to light
... Is light really a wave? Intensity (J/m2) ~ amplitude of the light electric field Energy (J) ~ frequency of the light electro-magnetic field Light oscillating electric field: ...
... Is light really a wave? Intensity (J/m2) ~ amplitude of the light electric field Energy (J) ~ frequency of the light electro-magnetic field Light oscillating electric field: ...
1. AP Intro Optics GOOD
... Refractive index (N) is defined as the relative speed at which light moves through a material with respect to its speed in a vacuum. The index of refraction, N, of other transparent materials is defined through the ...
... Refractive index (N) is defined as the relative speed at which light moves through a material with respect to its speed in a vacuum. The index of refraction, N, of other transparent materials is defined through the ...
Document
... • Karen went to the beach last week, and because it was a cloudy day she did not use any sunscreen. To her dismay, she came back with a slight sunburn. How is this possible? ...
... • Karen went to the beach last week, and because it was a cloudy day she did not use any sunscreen. To her dismay, she came back with a slight sunburn. How is this possible? ...
GCSE Physics M Manser
... M Manser 1. WHAT IS REFRACTION Refraction is _______________________ of a wave when ___________________________. The change in direction is caused by ____________________________ of the wave. The more the speed changes _______________________________________. ...
... M Manser 1. WHAT IS REFRACTION Refraction is _______________________ of a wave when ___________________________. The change in direction is caused by ____________________________ of the wave. The more the speed changes _______________________________________. ...
Bioluminescence
Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria and terrestrial invertebrates such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is produced by symbiotic organisms such as Vibrio bacteria.The principal chemical reaction in bioluminescence involves the light-emitting pigment luciferin and the enzyme luciferase, assisted by other proteins such as aequorin in some species. The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of luciferin. In some species, the type of luciferin requires cofactors such as calcium or magnesium ions, and sometimes also the energy-carrying molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In evolution, luciferins vary little: one in particular, coelenterazine, is found in nine different animal (phyla), though in some of these, the animals obtain it through their diet. Conversely, luciferases vary widely in different species. Bioluminescence has arisen over forty times in evolutionary history.Both Aristotle and Pliny the Elder mentioned that damp wood sometimes gives off a glow and many centuries later Robert Boyle showed that oxygen was involved in the process, both in wood and in glow-worms. It was not until the late nineteenth century that bioluminescence was properly investigated. The phenomenon is widely distributed among animal groups, especially in marine environments where dinoflagellates cause phosphorescence in the surface layers of water. On land it occurs in fungi, bacteria and some groups of invertebrates, including insects.The uses of bioluminescence by animals include counter-illumination camouflage, mimicry of other animals, for example to lure prey, and signalling to other individuals of the same species, such as to attract mates. In the laboratory, luciferase-based systems are used in genetic engineering and for biomedical research. Other researchers are investigating the possibility of using bioluminescent systems for street and decorative lighting, and a bioluminescent plant has been created.