Chapter 3 - Martinos Center
... vessel segment can be modeled reasonably well by Poisseuile’s Law (eq. 3.1, p.4), however the nonNewtonian rheology of blood becomes more important as the vessel size drops and the shear rate increases. According to Poisseuile’s Law, vessel diameter exerts a fourth-order influence on vascular resist ...
... vessel segment can be modeled reasonably well by Poisseuile’s Law (eq. 3.1, p.4), however the nonNewtonian rheology of blood becomes more important as the vessel size drops and the shear rate increases. According to Poisseuile’s Law, vessel diameter exerts a fourth-order influence on vascular resist ...
AQA GCSE Biology My Revision Notes
... Nerve impulses are very short lived; hormone action is generally longer. ...
... Nerve impulses are very short lived; hormone action is generally longer. ...
Chapter Three
... The ability of the body to perform prolonged, largemuscle, dynamic exercise at moderate to high levels of intensity This is a key health-related component of fitness Having an understanding of the body processes involved in cardiorespiratory endurance exercise can help you design a safe and effectiv ...
... The ability of the body to perform prolonged, largemuscle, dynamic exercise at moderate to high levels of intensity This is a key health-related component of fitness Having an understanding of the body processes involved in cardiorespiratory endurance exercise can help you design a safe and effectiv ...
Organ systems of the worm HW 11/25
... What Are the Seven Organ Systems of the Earthworm by Rob Hainer, Demand Media Earthworms need damp soil to keep their skin moist. Earthworms are simple creatures that pack a powerful environmental punch. They live in moist soil, digging tunnels that aerate the soil for plants and processing vegetati ...
... What Are the Seven Organ Systems of the Earthworm by Rob Hainer, Demand Media Earthworms need damp soil to keep their skin moist. Earthworms are simple creatures that pack a powerful environmental punch. They live in moist soil, digging tunnels that aerate the soil for plants and processing vegetati ...
Most mollusks have shells, and echinoderms have spiny skeletons.
... organism to take in a lot of oxygen in just one area of its body. It is made up of many folds of tissue that create a large surface area. Blood picks up the oxygen and moves it to the rest of the animal’s body. In most bivalves, the gills also filter food from the water. Check Your Reading ...
... organism to take in a lot of oxygen in just one area of its body. It is made up of many folds of tissue that create a large surface area. Blood picks up the oxygen and moves it to the rest of the animal’s body. In most bivalves, the gills also filter food from the water. Check Your Reading ...
Respiratory - GEOCITIES.ws
... Bronchioles only account for ~20% of resistance to air flow in the lung itself, despite their small individual diameter, because of their large number. (total area is increased - more airways open even though they are smaller) Relative pressures on inspiration are Negative; on expiration are Positiv ...
... Bronchioles only account for ~20% of resistance to air flow in the lung itself, despite their small individual diameter, because of their large number. (total area is increased - more airways open even though they are smaller) Relative pressures on inspiration are Negative; on expiration are Positiv ...
My Body - Rocky River
... As soon as the food reaches you’re mouth salvia appears in your mouth. It may seem gross, but salvia has a important job in the digestive system. It helps you break down your food while your chewing. The esophagus Is a long tube that carries the food down your throat. The Esophagus actually has a mu ...
... As soon as the food reaches you’re mouth salvia appears in your mouth. It may seem gross, but salvia has a important job in the digestive system. It helps you break down your food while your chewing. The esophagus Is a long tube that carries the food down your throat. The Esophagus actually has a mu ...
3. Respiration - Ping Pong
... increased in obstructive lungdisease. There is also friction between the thorax and lung. Inflation of the lung is an active process that is initiated by a contraction of the diaphragm. The chest will expand and the pleural pressure will become more negative. The transpulmonary pressure will increas ...
... increased in obstructive lungdisease. There is also friction between the thorax and lung. Inflation of the lung is an active process that is initiated by a contraction of the diaphragm. The chest will expand and the pleural pressure will become more negative. The transpulmonary pressure will increas ...
Section 28.1 Summary – pages 741 - 746
... • The success of arthropods can be attributed in part to their varied life cycles, high reproductive output, and structural adaptations, such as small size, a hard exoskeleton, and jointed appendages. ...
... • The success of arthropods can be attributed in part to their varied life cycles, high reproductive output, and structural adaptations, such as small size, a hard exoskeleton, and jointed appendages. ...
module
... z All animals exchange gases with their surroundings by the mechanism of diffusion. z A gas diffuses across a membrane from outside where its concentration (partial pressure) is higher than inside where its concentration is lower. z Thus oxygen is taken up and carbon dioxide is released from the res ...
... z All animals exchange gases with their surroundings by the mechanism of diffusion. z A gas diffuses across a membrane from outside where its concentration (partial pressure) is higher than inside where its concentration is lower. z Thus oxygen is taken up and carbon dioxide is released from the res ...
Chapter 1 Notes
... The lymphatic system returns fluid to the blood and aids in body defense - fluid enters the system by diffusing into tiny lymph capillaries; the systems drains back into the circulatory system Along the lymph vessel are lymph nodes: filter lymph and attack viruses and bacteria ...
... The lymphatic system returns fluid to the blood and aids in body defense - fluid enters the system by diffusing into tiny lymph capillaries; the systems drains back into the circulatory system Along the lymph vessel are lymph nodes: filter lymph and attack viruses and bacteria ...
MAMMAL FACT SHEET What are Mammals?
... hair that nurse their young using specialized mammary glands. Mammals have other important evolutionary adaptations as well. Dogs, bats, horses, whales (although, not covered in hair) and humans are all examples of today’s mammals. The first mammals appeared on Earth about 225 million years ago in t ...
... hair that nurse their young using specialized mammary glands. Mammals have other important evolutionary adaptations as well. Dogs, bats, horses, whales (although, not covered in hair) and humans are all examples of today’s mammals. The first mammals appeared on Earth about 225 million years ago in t ...
Paper 1 - TheAllPapers
... 29 In arthropods, growth occurs only after the exoskeleton is shed and before the new one hardens. Which graph shows a typical growth curve for an arthropod? ...
... 29 In arthropods, growth occurs only after the exoskeleton is shed and before the new one hardens. Which graph shows a typical growth curve for an arthropod? ...
Respiratory System
... Your lungs are pink, spongy organs. Inside each of them there are tubes, called bronchi, that branch out into smaller and smaller tubes. They must get really small, because all together you have about 1,500 miles of airway tubing! At the very end of the tubes are tiny sacs called alveoli. You have a ...
... Your lungs are pink, spongy organs. Inside each of them there are tubes, called bronchi, that branch out into smaller and smaller tubes. They must get really small, because all together you have about 1,500 miles of airway tubing! At the very end of the tubes are tiny sacs called alveoli. You have a ...
Drift, not selection, shapes toll-like receptor variation among oceanic
... the immune system are of particular interest, not least because of their obvious importance for individual and population survival (reviewed in Sommer 2005; Acevedo-Whitehouse & Cunningham 2006), but also because they are expected to be under strong and direct selection from pathogens (Trowsdale & P ...
... the immune system are of particular interest, not least because of their obvious importance for individual and population survival (reviewed in Sommer 2005; Acevedo-Whitehouse & Cunningham 2006), but also because they are expected to be under strong and direct selection from pathogens (Trowsdale & P ...
Adaptive population divergence: markers, QTL and traits
... populations (or clades of populations) that are reciprocally monophyletic, because these probably represent independently evolving clades or evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) [5]. There are several definitions of ESU in the literature, which vary in the degree of emphasis placed on molecular v ...
... populations (or clades of populations) that are reciprocally monophyletic, because these probably represent independently evolving clades or evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) [5]. There are several definitions of ESU in the literature, which vary in the degree of emphasis placed on molecular v ...
Lecture #11 – Animal Circulation and Gas Exchange Systems
... • But…..plants rely on diffusion for gas exchange…..how do they get so big??? ...
... • But…..plants rely on diffusion for gas exchange…..how do they get so big??? ...
Cambrian Explosion of Life: the Big Bang in Metazoan Evolution
... Animalia. About 37 phyla are recognized among present day animals, and almost all of them were established by the close of the Cambrian explosion, including all shelled invertebrates like mollusca, echinodermata and arthropoda (Figure 3). Thus, the evolution of major life forms as represented in the ...
... Animalia. About 37 phyla are recognized among present day animals, and almost all of them were established by the close of the Cambrian explosion, including all shelled invertebrates like mollusca, echinodermata and arthropoda (Figure 3). Thus, the evolution of major life forms as represented in the ...
Patent ductus arteriosus, bottle-meal, and fatal myocardial ischemia
... compromises coronary artery perfusion. Bottle feeding represents an important physical effort in every neonate. Very low birth weight newborn cannot increase their resting metabolic rate more than 15% for physical activity (8). Bottle-feeding signifi cantly increases respiratory rate and can decre ...
... compromises coronary artery perfusion. Bottle feeding represents an important physical effort in every neonate. Very low birth weight newborn cannot increase their resting metabolic rate more than 15% for physical activity (8). Bottle-feeding signifi cantly increases respiratory rate and can decre ...
Evolutionary rescue by beneficial mutations in environments that
... time. Here, the outcome is determined by two competing forces: local adaptation, which favours range expansion, and gene flow, which inhibits it. An ecological situation faced by some species is when there are two discrete habitat types, and selection is ‘hard’ (i.e. the number of individuals surviv ...
... time. Here, the outcome is determined by two competing forces: local adaptation, which favours range expansion, and gene flow, which inhibits it. An ecological situation faced by some species is when there are two discrete habitat types, and selection is ‘hard’ (i.e. the number of individuals surviv ...
Evolutionary rescue by beneficial mutations in
... time. Here, the outcome is determined by two competing forces: local adaptation, which favours range expansion, and gene flow, which inhibits it. An ecological situation faced by some species is when there are two discrete habitat types, and selection is ‘hard’ (i.e. the number of individuals surviv ...
... time. Here, the outcome is determined by two competing forces: local adaptation, which favours range expansion, and gene flow, which inhibits it. An ecological situation faced by some species is when there are two discrete habitat types, and selection is ‘hard’ (i.e. the number of individuals surviv ...
Document
... Aquatic animals have gills Land animals have lungs Both allow for gas exchange Some fish have extra respiratory organs-air sacs • Lancelets and sea snakes, amphibians also respire by diffusion across body surfaces ...
... Aquatic animals have gills Land animals have lungs Both allow for gas exchange Some fish have extra respiratory organs-air sacs • Lancelets and sea snakes, amphibians also respire by diffusion across body surfaces ...
June 2015 Question Paper 11
... 20 When the temperature of the air is higher than body temperature, which of these control mechanisms can help to maintain a constant body temperature? constriction of blood vessels in skin ...
... 20 When the temperature of the air is higher than body temperature, which of these control mechanisms can help to maintain a constant body temperature? constriction of blood vessels in skin ...
Organisms at high altitude
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Organisms can live at high altitude, either on land, or while flying. Decreased oxygen availability and decreased temperature make life at high altitude challenging. Despite these environmental conditions, many species have been successfully adapted at high altitudes. Animals have developed physiological adaptations to enhance oxygen uptake and delivery to tissues which can be used to sustain metabolism. The strategies used by animals to adapt to high altitude depend on their morphology and phylogeny.