Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
... Pharmaceutical dosage form – determines the physical form of the final pharmaceutical preparation. – is a drug delivery system which is formed by technological processing (drug formulation). – must reflect therapeutic intentions, route of administrations, dosing etc. – Pharmaceutical dosage form co ...
... Pharmaceutical dosage form – determines the physical form of the final pharmaceutical preparation. – is a drug delivery system which is formed by technological processing (drug formulation). – must reflect therapeutic intentions, route of administrations, dosing etc. – Pharmaceutical dosage form co ...
Pediatric Dosage Calculation
... Read a label • Some dosage questions will require you to read a drug label ...
... Read a label • Some dosage questions will require you to read a drug label ...
SEMINAR ON DRUG EXCIPIENT COMPATIBILTY STUDY (As a …
... o Place the drug in the solution of additives. o Both flint and amber vials are used. o This will provide information about -Susceptibility to oxidation. -Susceptibility to light exposure. -Susceptibility to heavy metals. o In case of oral liquids, compatibility with ethanol, glycerin ,sucrose, pres ...
... o Place the drug in the solution of additives. o Both flint and amber vials are used. o This will provide information about -Susceptibility to oxidation. -Susceptibility to light exposure. -Susceptibility to heavy metals. o In case of oral liquids, compatibility with ethanol, glycerin ,sucrose, pres ...
The Drug Development Process
... Test the potential to produce tumors in animals Lifetime exposure in rats and mice (2 years) Large doses (MTD) are generally used Effects may be due to exaggerated pharmacodynamics Not always needed in advance of safety and efficacy trials ...
... Test the potential to produce tumors in animals Lifetime exposure in rats and mice (2 years) Large doses (MTD) are generally used Effects may be due to exaggerated pharmacodynamics Not always needed in advance of safety and efficacy trials ...
Drug Design:
... in order to design drugs that are easier and cheaper to synthesize. Oversimplification can result in molecules that are too flexible, resulting in decreased activity and selectivity. 7-Rigidification is used on flexible lead compounds. The aim is to reduce the number of conformations available while ...
... in order to design drugs that are easier and cheaper to synthesize. Oversimplification can result in molecules that are too flexible, resulting in decreased activity and selectivity. 7-Rigidification is used on flexible lead compounds. The aim is to reduce the number of conformations available while ...
WHO Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring The
... event and a drug, the relationship being unknown or incompletely documented previously. Note: – A signal is an evaluated association which is considered important to investigate further. – A signal may refer to new information on an already known association. – Usually more than a single report is r ...
... event and a drug, the relationship being unknown or incompletely documented previously. Note: – A signal is an evaluated association which is considered important to investigate further. – A signal may refer to new information on an already known association. – Usually more than a single report is r ...
Minal Patel Ppt
... miconazole (sample D) had a potency lower than the innovator drug. This may imply that Sample D is not bioequivalent to Daktarin®. ...
... miconazole (sample D) had a potency lower than the innovator drug. This may imply that Sample D is not bioequivalent to Daktarin®. ...
To convert units (u) to kilograms (kg) the following conversion factors
... clicking on the pair of upward pointing arrows located at the top right-hand corner. To view the parameters again click on the pair of downward pointing arrows. For both types of report the user can vary the level of aggregation of the data displayed using the +/symbols to expand and collapse the ge ...
... clicking on the pair of upward pointing arrows located at the top right-hand corner. To view the parameters again click on the pair of downward pointing arrows. For both types of report the user can vary the level of aggregation of the data displayed using the +/symbols to expand and collapse the ge ...
Can-Fite BioPharma Ltd. (Form: 6-K, Received: 01/06
... This presentation contains forward - looking statements, about Can - Fite’s expectations, beliefs or intentions regarding, among other things, its product development efforts, business, financial condition, results of operations, strategies or prospects . In addition, from time to time, Can Fite or ...
... This presentation contains forward - looking statements, about Can - Fite’s expectations, beliefs or intentions regarding, among other things, its product development efforts, business, financial condition, results of operations, strategies or prospects . In addition, from time to time, Can Fite or ...
Synthetic Drugs What every parent and caregiver needs to know
... Miley Cyrus sings “dancing with Molly” in her popular song, “We Can’t Stop”. This type of portrayal can make Molly seem like a fun party drug. There are even websites such as www.whatismolly.com that coach young people on how to “roll responsibly.” However, it is always dangerous to get high despite ...
... Miley Cyrus sings “dancing with Molly” in her popular song, “We Can’t Stop”. This type of portrayal can make Molly seem like a fun party drug. There are even websites such as www.whatismolly.com that coach young people on how to “roll responsibly.” However, it is always dangerous to get high despite ...
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
... Recognize that metabolism can occur in the intestines, liver or blood Route of orally administered drugs: Absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract Then pass through the portal venous system to the liver where they are exposed to first pass effect, which may limit systemic circulation Once in ...
... Recognize that metabolism can occur in the intestines, liver or blood Route of orally administered drugs: Absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract Then pass through the portal venous system to the liver where they are exposed to first pass effect, which may limit systemic circulation Once in ...
kutki churna - International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and
... the present era of widely expanded commercialized pharma sector due to various factors like availability of the herbs, increasing pollution and deforestation, etc. Therefore it’s the need of the hour to focus our attention on the stability of Ayurvedic drugs. Churna Kalpana, the most commonly used A ...
... the present era of widely expanded commercialized pharma sector due to various factors like availability of the herbs, increasing pollution and deforestation, etc. Therefore it’s the need of the hour to focus our attention on the stability of Ayurvedic drugs. Churna Kalpana, the most commonly used A ...
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
... Recognize that metabolism can occur in the intestines, liver or blood Route of orally administered drugs: Absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract Then pass through the portal venous system to the liver where they are exposed to first pass effect, which may limit systemic circulation Once in ...
... Recognize that metabolism can occur in the intestines, liver or blood Route of orally administered drugs: Absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract Then pass through the portal venous system to the liver where they are exposed to first pass effect, which may limit systemic circulation Once in ...
A Medicinal Chemistry Perspec8ve on Picking the Right
... A substance will not work unless it is bound -Paul Ehrlich, 1913 ...
... A substance will not work unless it is bound -Paul Ehrlich, 1913 ...
PPT here
... Phospholipid raw materials are naturally occurring substances and as such require extensive purification thus making them costly ...
... Phospholipid raw materials are naturally occurring substances and as such require extensive purification thus making them costly ...
In silico methods: ADMET vs receptor affinity
... Validate/refine models based on new pharmacological data ...
... Validate/refine models based on new pharmacological data ...
Sulfanomides
... • UTIs are prevalent in women of child-bearing age and in the elderly population. • E. coli is the most common pathogen, causing about 80% of uncomplicated upper and lower UTIs. • cotrimoxazole and the quinolones • UTIs may be treated with any one of a group of agents called urinary tract antiseptic ...
... • UTIs are prevalent in women of child-bearing age and in the elderly population. • E. coli is the most common pathogen, causing about 80% of uncomplicated upper and lower UTIs. • cotrimoxazole and the quinolones • UTIs may be treated with any one of a group of agents called urinary tract antiseptic ...
January / February 2016
... be eliminated by metabolic processes.1 For effective systemic delivery, a relatively high drug concentration must circulate in the plasma to achieve a therapeutic dose within the eye. Oral drugs can be suitable for posterior segment treatment, although this exposes the whole body to the drug, often ...
... be eliminated by metabolic processes.1 For effective systemic delivery, a relatively high drug concentration must circulate in the plasma to achieve a therapeutic dose within the eye. Oral drugs can be suitable for posterior segment treatment, although this exposes the whole body to the drug, often ...
Instructor`s definition of addiction
... addiction are somewhat less accepted. Some very controversial behaviors that do not constitute addiction in my opinion include video games, pornography, and internet use in general. It is also important to keep in mind the distinction between addiction and other compulsive behaviors, such as OCD, wh ...
... addiction are somewhat less accepted. Some very controversial behaviors that do not constitute addiction in my opinion include video games, pornography, and internet use in general. It is also important to keep in mind the distinction between addiction and other compulsive behaviors, such as OCD, wh ...
Slide 1
... ▼PHENYTOIN (t1/2 6–24 h) has saturation kinetics. It is extensively hydroxylated in the liver and this process becomes saturated at the doses needed for therapeutic effect (therapeutic plasma concentration range is 10–20 mg/L). Phenytoin is a potent inducer of hepatic metabolizing enzymes affecting ...
... ▼PHENYTOIN (t1/2 6–24 h) has saturation kinetics. It is extensively hydroxylated in the liver and this process becomes saturated at the doses needed for therapeutic effect (therapeutic plasma concentration range is 10–20 mg/L). Phenytoin is a potent inducer of hepatic metabolizing enzymes affecting ...
Effects of antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive Medicines on
... 27 preg in 23 W with M to mod SLE In 17 of the preg the drug was used at a dose 200-400 mg OD through gestation. The outcome of these cases included two abortion, two prenatal, one infant with CHB Six patient HQ was started during the 1st trimester and in the remaining four therapy was stopped after ...
... 27 preg in 23 W with M to mod SLE In 17 of the preg the drug was used at a dose 200-400 mg OD through gestation. The outcome of these cases included two abortion, two prenatal, one infant with CHB Six patient HQ was started during the 1st trimester and in the remaining four therapy was stopped after ...
11-Ambrose
... • Consider using demographic models to predict drug exposures in patients from whom pharmacokinetic samples were not collected, where appropriate • Consider using surrogates for exposure, like dose/patient weight/MIC when patient pharmacokinetics are not available ...
... • Consider using demographic models to predict drug exposures in patients from whom pharmacokinetic samples were not collected, where appropriate • Consider using surrogates for exposure, like dose/patient weight/MIC when patient pharmacokinetics are not available ...
here
... For example, many drugs’ potencies and therapeutic effects are limited or otherwise reduced because of the partial degradation that occurs before they reach their desired target in the body. The benefits of drug delivery systems manifest in many ways, for instance, once ingested, time-release medica ...
... For example, many drugs’ potencies and therapeutic effects are limited or otherwise reduced because of the partial degradation that occurs before they reach their desired target in the body. The benefits of drug delivery systems manifest in many ways, for instance, once ingested, time-release medica ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.