Chapter 1: History of Methamphetamine
... synthesized in 1887, but because there was very little interest in it, the substance went unnoticed until it became the alternative to ephedrine (Feldman et al., 1997). By the 1930s, all the major effects of amphetamine were known. While researching the effects, it was discovered that amphetamines c ...
... synthesized in 1887, but because there was very little interest in it, the substance went unnoticed until it became the alternative to ephedrine (Feldman et al., 1997). By the 1930s, all the major effects of amphetamine were known. While researching the effects, it was discovered that amphetamines c ...
Ariel FARM 19 5
... be observed with 5 and 10 mgíkg doses in the papaverine-treated group during the punished period. With these doses the mean frequency of response of the Saline and PAP group was similar during the unpunished period. A significant reduction of lever presses in unpunished or in punished period can be ...
... be observed with 5 and 10 mgíkg doses in the papaverine-treated group during the punished period. With these doses the mean frequency of response of the Saline and PAP group was similar during the unpunished period. A significant reduction of lever presses in unpunished or in punished period can be ...
ICH E10 - Duke People
... and risks within the conditions specified in the product labeling. This decision is based on the information available at the time of approval. The knowledge related to the safety profile of the product can change over time through expanded use in terms of patient characteristics and the number of p ...
... and risks within the conditions specified in the product labeling. This decision is based on the information available at the time of approval. The knowledge related to the safety profile of the product can change over time through expanded use in terms of patient characteristics and the number of p ...
Registration process of API - International Journal of Pharma
... intended to be used in the manufacture of a drug (medicinal) product and that, when used in the production of a drug, becomes an active ingredient of the drug product. Such substances are intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatmen ...
... intended to be used in the manufacture of a drug (medicinal) product and that, when used in the production of a drug, becomes an active ingredient of the drug product. Such substances are intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatmen ...
Properties of Ingredients in Dasanga Guggulu
... century. It is defined as elevated concentrations of any or all the lipids in the plasma, including hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, etc1.Less physical activities, sedentary life style and mental stress are negatively influenced on increasing serum lipids level. Due to modernization of th ...
... century. It is defined as elevated concentrations of any or all the lipids in the plasma, including hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, etc1.Less physical activities, sedentary life style and mental stress are negatively influenced on increasing serum lipids level. Due to modernization of th ...
OBSERVATION OF METOPROLOL TARTARATE RELEASE FROM BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC IMPLANTS Research Article
... IDDS has received extensive attention over the past few decades. This interest has been fostered by the potential advantages these technology may provide including decrease of overall drug dose, associated with possible reduction or local or systemic side effects, as well as prolonged delivery perio ...
... IDDS has received extensive attention over the past few decades. This interest has been fostered by the potential advantages these technology may provide including decrease of overall drug dose, associated with possible reduction or local or systemic side effects, as well as prolonged delivery perio ...
Street Names
... when he accidentally ingests it. Later he ingests 0.25 mg of it thinking it is a minimal dose, when in actuality it is 10 times the dose needed to produce an effect. “My visual field wavered and everything appeared deformed as in a faulty mirror. Space and time became more and more disorganized and ...
... when he accidentally ingests it. Later he ingests 0.25 mg of it thinking it is a minimal dose, when in actuality it is 10 times the dose needed to produce an effect. “My visual field wavered and everything appeared deformed as in a faulty mirror. Space and time became more and more disorganized and ...
INVESTIGATION OF ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF ETHANOLIC WIGHTIANA Research Article
... Analgesic potential of ethanolic extract of Flemingia wightiana was investigated on male swiss albino mice by hot plate, tail flick, tail immersion, tail clip and acetic acid induced writhing methods. Anti-inflammatory effect was tested on wistar rats using carragenan, dextran, histamine and cotton ...
... Analgesic potential of ethanolic extract of Flemingia wightiana was investigated on male swiss albino mice by hot plate, tail flick, tail immersion, tail clip and acetic acid induced writhing methods. Anti-inflammatory effect was tested on wistar rats using carragenan, dextran, histamine and cotton ...
Схема написания истории болезни на кафедре фтизиатрии и
... metallic sound, noise of a cracked pot). Topographic percussion: heihjt of lung tops in front (Standard - 3-4 cm above the clavicle)________ and posteriorly (Standard - at the level of neural processes of VII cervical vertebra)________, Kronis fields (Standars – 4-7 cm, on the left this zone is 1-1. ...
... metallic sound, noise of a cracked pot). Topographic percussion: heihjt of lung tops in front (Standard - 3-4 cm above the clavicle)________ and posteriorly (Standard - at the level of neural processes of VII cervical vertebra)________, Kronis fields (Standars – 4-7 cm, on the left this zone is 1-1. ...
Computer-Aided Drug Design of Bioactive Natural Products (PDF
... and a number of hydrogen-bond acceptors < 10 [56]. However, these rules are used as guidelines rather than as absolute cut-offs for determining drug-like properties [44]. Recently, the importance of other physicochemical and structural properties influencing drug-like properties has been suggested i ...
... and a number of hydrogen-bond acceptors < 10 [56]. However, these rules are used as guidelines rather than as absolute cut-offs for determining drug-like properties [44]. Recently, the importance of other physicochemical and structural properties influencing drug-like properties has been suggested i ...
Public Assessment Report Irbesartan Elpen 75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg
... Those who are allergic to irbesartan or any other ingredients of this medicine, are more than 3 months pregnant. (It is also better to avoid Irbesartan Elpen in early pregnancy – see pregnancy section), have diabetes or impaired kidney function and you are treated with a blood pressure lowerin ...
... Those who are allergic to irbesartan or any other ingredients of this medicine, are more than 3 months pregnant. (It is also better to avoid Irbesartan Elpen in early pregnancy – see pregnancy section), have diabetes or impaired kidney function and you are treated with a blood pressure lowerin ...
DOPAMINE ANTAGONISTS: PHENOTHIAZINE/THIOXANTHENE SAR
... determining therapeutic response. Plus, therapeutic levels are only available for a small number of these agents. However, monitoring may help decrease the incidence of toxicity because plasma levels are relatively stable in each individual. ...
... determining therapeutic response. Plus, therapeutic levels are only available for a small number of these agents. However, monitoring may help decrease the incidence of toxicity because plasma levels are relatively stable in each individual. ...
Clinical pharmacology of filgrastim following high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation.
... cxcluding the patient with a WBC count of 70 X ...
... cxcluding the patient with a WBC count of 70 X ...
LUPRON DEPOT - 3 Month 22.5 mg Package Insert Page 1 of 8
... assay which was employed in the study. Detectable levels of leuprolide were present at all measurement points in all patients. The initial burst, followed by the rapid decline to a steadystate level, was similar to the release pattern seen with the monthly formulation. Distribution The mean steady-s ...
... assay which was employed in the study. Detectable levels of leuprolide were present at all measurement points in all patients. The initial burst, followed by the rapid decline to a steadystate level, was similar to the release pattern seen with the monthly formulation. Distribution The mean steady-s ...
EFFECT OF VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL /PROCESSING FACTORS ON STABILITY OF THE FORMULATION AND
... is dependent on the microenvironment pH. The pH modifier was not able to achieve adequate microenvironment pH control for the DMP 754 drug product when added using a dry manufacturing process. While DMP 754 required the use of a pH modifier added in solution during wet granulation in order to impro ...
... is dependent on the microenvironment pH. The pH modifier was not able to achieve adequate microenvironment pH control for the DMP 754 drug product when added using a dry manufacturing process. While DMP 754 required the use of a pH modifier added in solution during wet granulation in order to impro ...
Halcion: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
... -As presented at the Anesthesia Research Foundation Workshop on Enteral Sedation in Dentistry. Washington D. C. 2003 ...
... -As presented at the Anesthesia Research Foundation Workshop on Enteral Sedation in Dentistry. Washington D. C. 2003 ...
Part 7. EXCRETION OF DRUGS ELIMINATION MECHANISMS
... NOTE: Both the drug (the parent compound) and its metabolites can be excreted. However, excretion of the drug is an elimination mechanism for the drug, whereas excretion of the metabolite is NOT. Excretion of the metabolite is an elimination mechanism for the metabolite only, not for the parent comp ...
... NOTE: Both the drug (the parent compound) and its metabolites can be excreted. However, excretion of the drug is an elimination mechanism for the drug, whereas excretion of the metabolite is NOT. Excretion of the metabolite is an elimination mechanism for the metabolite only, not for the parent comp ...
GENERIC DRUGS: OPTIMIZING THE FUTURE
... $30 billion face generic competition as many major brand name drugs lose market exclusivity. However, the industry will face the full impact of patients shifting to lowercost generics, as well as other brands in their therapy classes, in 2012. This is due to the timing and expected competitive inten ...
... $30 billion face generic competition as many major brand name drugs lose market exclusivity. However, the industry will face the full impact of patients shifting to lowercost generics, as well as other brands in their therapy classes, in 2012. This is due to the timing and expected competitive inten ...
Chapter 6
... integrating both types of treatments is the most effective approach. These can include residential and outpatient approaches. ...
... integrating both types of treatments is the most effective approach. These can include residential and outpatient approaches. ...
CAPSULE DOSAGE FORM INTRODUCTION:
... containment of liquids and semi-solids. In combination with a liquid fill, provides an attractive and viable dosage form, particularly for poorly soluble compounds. The use of hot melts is also viable with Licaps, as they may be filled at temperatures up to 70° C. ...
... containment of liquids and semi-solids. In combination with a liquid fill, provides an attractive and viable dosage form, particularly for poorly soluble compounds. The use of hot melts is also viable with Licaps, as they may be filled at temperatures up to 70° C. ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... is due to factors such as polypharmacy, suboptimal monitoring, non-adherence and pathological or agerelated physiological changes. Regular performance of pharmacy-initiated medication reviews is prominent among methods that have been advocated to reduce the extent and seriousness of such problems.[1 ...
... is due to factors such as polypharmacy, suboptimal monitoring, non-adherence and pathological or agerelated physiological changes. Regular performance of pharmacy-initiated medication reviews is prominent among methods that have been advocated to reduce the extent and seriousness of such problems.[1 ...
pharmacogenetics of pain
... would lead to an increase in activity. An inhibitor (Table 4) is a medication that reduces the metabolism of another drug. This may result in excessively high concentrations, increased effect and toxicity. If the drug in question is a pro-drug there may be a decreased effect as a result of its inhib ...
... would lead to an increase in activity. An inhibitor (Table 4) is a medication that reduces the metabolism of another drug. This may result in excessively high concentrations, increased effect and toxicity. If the drug in question is a pro-drug there may be a decreased effect as a result of its inhib ...
Regulatory Considerations in the Post-Vioxx Era
... Celebrex, Vioxx and Bextra, all COX-2 selective inhibitors, are differentiated from other NSAIDs (e.g., naproxen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen) by limiting selectivity for the COX-1 inhibitor, which helps to maintain a normal stomach lining. Before the development of COX-2 selective inhibitors, NSAIDs inhi ...
... Celebrex, Vioxx and Bextra, all COX-2 selective inhibitors, are differentiated from other NSAIDs (e.g., naproxen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen) by limiting selectivity for the COX-1 inhibitor, which helps to maintain a normal stomach lining. Before the development of COX-2 selective inhibitors, NSAIDs inhi ...
SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION AND VALIDATION OF AMOLODIPINE AND METAPROLOL
... (more accurately called the R-(+)Fig-1A and the S-(-)- enantiomers) Fig-1B. Only the (S)- form of this molecule is active against hypertension. When a mixture of (R) and (S)-forms (called a racemic mixture) is used, patients may experience adverse side-effects such as headache, dizziness, abdominal ...
... (more accurately called the R-(+)Fig-1A and the S-(-)- enantiomers) Fig-1B. Only the (S)- form of this molecule is active against hypertension. When a mixture of (R) and (S)-forms (called a racemic mixture) is used, patients may experience adverse side-effects such as headache, dizziness, abdominal ...
Post- Operative nausea and Vomiting (PONV)
... c. h/o motion sickness or h/o ponv d. Environmental: use of postop opioids, emetogenic surgery (type + duration) e. Obesity- believed to 2/2 excessive production of estrogen from adipose tissue and excessive stores of anesthetic agents w/I adipose. f. Conditions that predispose to delayed gastric em ...
... c. h/o motion sickness or h/o ponv d. Environmental: use of postop opioids, emetogenic surgery (type + duration) e. Obesity- believed to 2/2 excessive production of estrogen from adipose tissue and excessive stores of anesthetic agents w/I adipose. f. Conditions that predispose to delayed gastric em ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.