Late cardiotoxicity
... dose was between 500 and 550 mg/m2, but increased to 18% when the dose was increased to 551–600 mg/m2 and to as much as 36% when the total dose was at least 601 mg/m2 The prognosis of the cardiomyopathy, once developed, is grave, and it is difficult to predict which individuals will develop heart fa ...
... dose was between 500 and 550 mg/m2, but increased to 18% when the dose was increased to 551–600 mg/m2 and to as much as 36% when the total dose was at least 601 mg/m2 The prognosis of the cardiomyopathy, once developed, is grave, and it is difficult to predict which individuals will develop heart fa ...
753_Module3_KidneyFunction
... Fun facts Receive 20% of Cardiac Ouput Account for 7% of oxygen consumption in the body Filter 120 ml/min of plasma into nephron (measured by determining creatinine) Only 1% actually ends up in urine ** Something important must be going on ! Three primary roles for kidneys 1. Excrete metabolic end p ...
... Fun facts Receive 20% of Cardiac Ouput Account for 7% of oxygen consumption in the body Filter 120 ml/min of plasma into nephron (measured by determining creatinine) Only 1% actually ends up in urine ** Something important must be going on ! Three primary roles for kidneys 1. Excrete metabolic end p ...
Transderm Sc¯op - Transderm Scop
... both the drug and dosage form. The system is programmed to deliver in-vivo approximately 1.0 mg of scopolamine at an approximately constant rate to the systemic circulation over 3 days. Upon application to the post-auricular skin, an initial priming dose of scopolamine is released from the adhesive ...
... both the drug and dosage form. The system is programmed to deliver in-vivo approximately 1.0 mg of scopolamine at an approximately constant rate to the systemic circulation over 3 days. Upon application to the post-auricular skin, an initial priming dose of scopolamine is released from the adhesive ...
Nanotechnology in Drug Discovery-Development and
... • Drug filled nano-capsules, release their biological compounds on contact with cancers only. • Nanotechnology will be applied at all stages of drug development, from formulations for optimal delivery to diagnostic applications in clinical trials. ...
... • Drug filled nano-capsules, release their biological compounds on contact with cancers only. • Nanotechnology will be applied at all stages of drug development, from formulations for optimal delivery to diagnostic applications in clinical trials. ...
12th Conference in Advanced Medicinal Chemistry
... identification and preparation of biologically active compounds, the study of their metabolism, the interpretation of their mode of action at the molecular level and the construction of structure-activity ...
... identification and preparation of biologically active compounds, the study of their metabolism, the interpretation of their mode of action at the molecular level and the construction of structure-activity ...
PowerPoint 簡報 - kitasato
... Is it reasonable to extrapolate from foreign clinical data that the medicine is insensitive to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors in Asians and that its clinical differences in efficacy and safety are acceptable? Yes No bridging study required ...
... Is it reasonable to extrapolate from foreign clinical data that the medicine is insensitive to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors in Asians and that its clinical differences in efficacy and safety are acceptable? Yes No bridging study required ...
Summer Newsletter June 2016
... Plan (GCHP) was increasing. Since then, the epidemic of opiate-induced deaths has become much more prominent in the news. Opiate use by GCHP members has not diminished. In April, the second-most prescribed drug was acetaminophen/hydrocodone, with 3,719 prescriptions. During the same month last year, ...
... Plan (GCHP) was increasing. Since then, the epidemic of opiate-induced deaths has become much more prominent in the news. Opiate use by GCHP members has not diminished. In April, the second-most prescribed drug was acetaminophen/hydrocodone, with 3,719 prescriptions. During the same month last year, ...
CNS Drug Design: Balancing Physicochemical
... this area is still in its infancy.16 A successful small molecule CNS drug candidate typically complies with the free drug hypothesis and displays a ratio of the unbound drug in the brain to the unbound drug in the plasma (Kp,uu value) close to 1.19,35 With a Kp,uu in mouse of 0.98, the antidepressan ...
... this area is still in its infancy.16 A successful small molecule CNS drug candidate typically complies with the free drug hypothesis and displays a ratio of the unbound drug in the brain to the unbound drug in the plasma (Kp,uu value) close to 1.19,35 With a Kp,uu in mouse of 0.98, the antidepressan ...
Prepared by Grant McLaren, Department of
... Other drugs have just the opposite effect: They act as agonists by binding with these proteins and directly triggering release of the neurotransmitter. (See steps 4 and 5 in ...
... Other drugs have just the opposite effect: They act as agonists by binding with these proteins and directly triggering release of the neurotransmitter. (See steps 4 and 5 in ...
Introduction - Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
... temperature of 25ºC in view. So even with high standards of manufacture, the quality of a product cannot be guaranteed once it has been subjected to tropical conditions. Stability of Drugs in Tropics: One important aspect of drug problems in the tropics is the effect of weather on drugs. Heat, light ...
... temperature of 25ºC in view. So even with high standards of manufacture, the quality of a product cannot be guaranteed once it has been subjected to tropical conditions. Stability of Drugs in Tropics: One important aspect of drug problems in the tropics is the effect of weather on drugs. Heat, light ...
Epinephrine Injection, USP
... Use of epinephrine with excessive doses of digitalis, mercurial diuretics, or other drugs that sensitize the heart to arrhythmias is not recommended. Anginal pain may be induced when coronary insufficiency is present. The effects of epinephrine may be potentiated by tricyclic antidepressants; certai ...
... Use of epinephrine with excessive doses of digitalis, mercurial diuretics, or other drugs that sensitize the heart to arrhythmias is not recommended. Anginal pain may be induced when coronary insufficiency is present. The effects of epinephrine may be potentiated by tricyclic antidepressants; certai ...
Factorial design Advantages of the factorial design Interaction plot
... A two-way design enables us to examine the joint (or interaction) effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. An interaction means that the effect of one independent variable has on a dependent variable is not the same for all levels of the other independent variable. We cannot ge ...
... A two-way design enables us to examine the joint (or interaction) effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. An interaction means that the effect of one independent variable has on a dependent variable is not the same for all levels of the other independent variable. We cannot ge ...
One Step Multi-Drug, Multi-Line Screen Test Device
... Methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant drug that strongly activates certain systems in the brain. Methamphetamine is closely related chemically to amphetamine, but the central nervous system effects of Methamphetamine are greater. Methamphetamine is made in illegal laboratories and has a high pot ...
... Methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant drug that strongly activates certain systems in the brain. Methamphetamine is closely related chemically to amphetamine, but the central nervous system effects of Methamphetamine are greater. Methamphetamine is made in illegal laboratories and has a high pot ...
Pegicol™ – Oral treatment for chronic constipation and faecal
... and electrolytes. Polyethylene glycol exerts its laxative effect by virtue of its osmotic effect in the gut. Water is kept in the lumen, which softens stools and promotes bowel movement. The electrolytes contained in the formulation ensure that there is virtually no net gain or net loss of sodium, p ...
... and electrolytes. Polyethylene glycol exerts its laxative effect by virtue of its osmotic effect in the gut. Water is kept in the lumen, which softens stools and promotes bowel movement. The electrolytes contained in the formulation ensure that there is virtually no net gain or net loss of sodium, p ...
interferon alfa-2b - Cancer Care Ontario
... antiviral, antiproliferative, cytostatic, immunomodulatory, differentiating, and inhibitory of cellular genes, including oncogenes. Interferons can act directly on tumour cells as well as effector cells such as NK cells, T cells, and macrophages. ...
... antiviral, antiproliferative, cytostatic, immunomodulatory, differentiating, and inhibitory of cellular genes, including oncogenes. Interferons can act directly on tumour cells as well as effector cells such as NK cells, T cells, and macrophages. ...
Role of Phenazopyridine in Urinary ...
... properties.13 Its usefulness is however limited by classic antimuscarinic side effects. Dry mouth is the most common and bothersome complaint, followed by constipation, blurred vision, dry eyes, urinary retention and drowsiness. These adverse effects, particularly dry mouth, are often severe enough ...
... properties.13 Its usefulness is however limited by classic antimuscarinic side effects. Dry mouth is the most common and bothersome complaint, followed by constipation, blurred vision, dry eyes, urinary retention and drowsiness. These adverse effects, particularly dry mouth, are often severe enough ...
汤慧芳_抗疟药
... – highly effective for both the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of falciparum malaria（恶性疟疾）, and it is now approved for both indications in the USA. – For chemoprophylaxis, Malarone must be taken daily. It has an advantage over mefloquine and doxycycline in requiring shorter periods of treatment befo ...
... – highly effective for both the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of falciparum malaria（恶性疟疾）, and it is now approved for both indications in the USA. – For chemoprophylaxis, Malarone must be taken daily. It has an advantage over mefloquine and doxycycline in requiring shorter periods of treatment befo ...
SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES: A REVIEW
... Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) introduced in 1991 represent an alternative carrier system to tradition colloidal carriers such as - emulsions, liposomes and polymeric micro – and nanoparticles1. Nanoparticles made from solid lipids are attracting major attention as novel colloidal drug carrier for ...
... Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) introduced in 1991 represent an alternative carrier system to tradition colloidal carriers such as - emulsions, liposomes and polymeric micro – and nanoparticles1. Nanoparticles made from solid lipids are attracting major attention as novel colloidal drug carrier for ...
Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs
... – Is extremely important in medicine as an analgesic (painkiller). ...
... – Is extremely important in medicine as an analgesic (painkiller). ...
University of Groningen Merits and demerits of the converting
... mediatedpathogenesis.Their high incidencemay be a consequenceof a specialfearureof the patients enrolled in this study to developsideeffects, the designof the study,or both. !7ith regard to the patients,recenrstudies have shown an increaseof immune reactivity in patients with malignant hypertension. ...
... mediatedpathogenesis.Their high incidencemay be a consequenceof a specialfearureof the patients enrolled in this study to developsideeffects, the designof the study,or both. !7ith regard to the patients,recenrstudies have shown an increaseof immune reactivity in patients with malignant hypertension. ...
Click here for handout
... interoceptive signals (e.g., change in spatial orientation, pressure on the body) and unusual and sometimes recurring themes across sessions such as revisiting childhood memories, cartoon‐like imagery, and contact with “entities.” ...
... interoceptive signals (e.g., change in spatial orientation, pressure on the body) and unusual and sometimes recurring themes across sessions such as revisiting childhood memories, cartoon‐like imagery, and contact with “entities.” ...
N Gokal Counting the Costs
... Again, these will have fixed and variable components. Some indirect costs, such as lost productivity or lost earnings, may be borne by society as a whole or by the patient. These may well be significant, but may be of less concern to the hospital. There will also be a related cost associated with pa ...
... Again, these will have fixed and variable components. Some indirect costs, such as lost productivity or lost earnings, may be borne by society as a whole or by the patient. These may well be significant, but may be of less concern to the hospital. There will also be a related cost associated with pa ...
Celebrex
... high-risk patients who had undergone coronary bypass surgery. Bextra is also being linked to Stevens Johnson Syndrome, a rare inflammatory skin disorder that can be life-threatening - up to 27 percent of those affected incur long term eye damage or vision loss, and up to 15 percent die. Bextra has o ...
... high-risk patients who had undergone coronary bypass surgery. Bextra is also being linked to Stevens Johnson Syndrome, a rare inflammatory skin disorder that can be life-threatening - up to 27 percent of those affected incur long term eye damage or vision loss, and up to 15 percent die. Bextra has o ...
Synthesis and Pharmacological Screening of novel 1,5
... Group-I : Control Group-II : Ficus bengalensis.Linn aqueous extract was administered at a dose of 200mg/kg/day by oral route for 14 days Group-III : Ficus bengalensis.Linn aqueous extract was administered at a dose of 400mg/kg/day by oral route for 14 days Group-IV : Standard - Levamisole was admini ...
... Group-I : Control Group-II : Ficus bengalensis.Linn aqueous extract was administered at a dose of 200mg/kg/day by oral route for 14 days Group-III : Ficus bengalensis.Linn aqueous extract was administered at a dose of 400mg/kg/day by oral route for 14 days Group-IV : Standard - Levamisole was admini ...
Differential Influences of Ethanol on Early Exposure to Racemic
... volunteers, ethanol was found to significantly increase positive subjective responses to dl-MPH (Patrick et al., 2007), consistent with the illicit popularity of this drug combination. The influence of ethanol on dl-MPH pharmacokinetics (Patrick et al., 2007) includes (1) an increase in the rate of ...
... volunteers, ethanol was found to significantly increase positive subjective responses to dl-MPH (Patrick et al., 2007), consistent with the illicit popularity of this drug combination. The influence of ethanol on dl-MPH pharmacokinetics (Patrick et al., 2007) includes (1) an increase in the rate of ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.