... of formation physics. This is the goal of physical morphology. We adopt the view that bulges are ellipticals living in the middle of disks. Ellipticals form via mergers (Toomre 1977a, Schweizer 1990). Therefore, we do not use the term bulge for every central component that is in excess of the inward ...
Document
... the problems span a wide spectrum of topics while many problems overlap several areas. The problems themselves are remarkable for their versatility in applying the physical laws and principles, their up-to-date realistic situations, and their scanty demand on mathematical skills. Many of the problem ...
... the problems span a wide spectrum of topics while many problems overlap several areas. The problems themselves are remarkable for their versatility in applying the physical laws and principles, their up-to-date realistic situations, and their scanty demand on mathematical skills. Many of the problem ...
What Is Physics?
... The leftmost, small image is a computer model of a torus-shaped magnet that is holding a hot plasma within its magnetic field, shown here as circular loops. The central small image is of a human eye overlying the visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The image on the right is of a w ...
... The leftmost, small image is a computer model of a torus-shaped magnet that is holding a hot plasma within its magnetic field, shown here as circular loops. The central small image is of a human eye overlying the visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The image on the right is of a w ...
The Einstein–Vlasov System/Kinetic Theory H˚ akan Andr´ easson
... In general relativity, kinetic theory has been used relatively sparsely to model phenomenological matter in comparison to fluid models, although interest has increased in recent years. From a mathematical point of view there are fundamental advantages to using a kinetic description. In non-curved sp ...
... In general relativity, kinetic theory has been used relatively sparsely to model phenomenological matter in comparison to fluid models, although interest has increased in recent years. From a mathematical point of view there are fundamental advantages to using a kinetic description. In non-curved sp ...
Mechanical Systems - Rose
... Later in life, Newton worked as a highly paid government official in London with little further interest in mathematical research. I thought you might be interested in knowing a few other facts about Newton. Newton believed deeply in the necessity of a God. His theological views are characterized by ...
... Later in life, Newton worked as a highly paid government official in London with little further interest in mathematical research. I thought you might be interested in knowing a few other facts about Newton. Newton believed deeply in the necessity of a God. His theological views are characterized by ...
Clusters: age scales for stellar physics
... are extremely important. As a matter of fact, there is a scarcity of them and, moreover, several results do not agree with each other completely. One example is the different age scales for open clusters, since there are several ways to estimate this parameter, as we will see. Among them, the so cal ...
... are extremely important. As a matter of fact, there is a scarcity of them and, moreover, several results do not agree with each other completely. One example is the different age scales for open clusters, since there are several ways to estimate this parameter, as we will see. Among them, the so cal ...
- Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes
... the discovery of one of the coldest quasi-stellar objects known in the Universe. The spectral lines of neutral potassium between 767 and 770 nm indicated that it was an object with high surface gravity, as was expected for a brown dwarf, and the presence of prominent bands of titanium oxide and, esp ...
... the discovery of one of the coldest quasi-stellar objects known in the Universe. The spectral lines of neutral potassium between 767 and 770 nm indicated that it was an object with high surface gravity, as was expected for a brown dwarf, and the presence of prominent bands of titanium oxide and, esp ...
Exploring the Most Bizarre Ideas in Cosmology Astronomers
... simply fails to deliver the goods; fails to give a satisfactory account of observed phenomena. Yet, at other times a theory looks good but simply does not jell with the general line of thinking at the time. Sometimes, theories of this type eventually have their day in the Sun as evidence in their fa ...
... simply fails to deliver the goods; fails to give a satisfactory account of observed phenomena. Yet, at other times a theory looks good but simply does not jell with the general line of thinking at the time. Sometimes, theories of this type eventually have their day in the Sun as evidence in their fa ...
Modified Newtonian dynamics
In physics, modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a theory that proposes a modification of Newton's laws to account for observed properties of galaxies. Created in 1983 by Israeli physicist Mordehai Milgrom, the theory's original motivation was to explain the fact that the velocities of stars in galaxies were observed to be larger than expected based on Newtonian mechanics. Milgrom noted that this discrepancy could be resolved if the gravitational force experienced by a star in the outer regions of a galaxy was proportional to the square of its centripetal acceleration (as opposed to the centripetal acceleration itself, as in Newton's Second Law), or alternatively if gravitational force came to vary inversely with radius (as opposed to the inverse square of the radius, as in Newton's Law of Gravity). In MOND, violation of Newton's Laws occurs at extremely small accelerations, characteristic of galaxies yet far below anything typically encountered in the Solar System or on Earth.MOND is an example of a class of theories known as modified gravity, and is an alternative to the hypothesis that the dynamics of galaxies are determined by massive, invisible dark matter halos. Since Milgrom's original proposal, MOND has successfully predicted a variety of galactic phenomena that are difficult to understand from a dark matter perspective. However, MOND and its generalisations do not adequately account for observed properties of galaxy clusters, and no satisfactory cosmological model has been constructed from the theory.