Chapter 10: Section 1 Continental Drift
... • As the hot material rises, the cooler, denser material flows away from the hot material and sinks into the mantle to replace the rising material. • As the mantle material moves, it drags the overlying tectonic plates along with it. ...
... • As the hot material rises, the cooler, denser material flows away from the hot material and sinks into the mantle to replace the rising material. • As the mantle material moves, it drags the overlying tectonic plates along with it. ...
file: RE Lab Plate Tect Maps v2
... case. For subduction zones, indicate which is the overriding plate and which the under riding plate. b. Indicate with small arrows the direction of relative motion across each plate boundary. c. Indicate with larger arrows the general direction of motion of each plate across the Earth’s surface. ...
... case. For subduction zones, indicate which is the overriding plate and which the under riding plate. b. Indicate with small arrows the direction of relative motion across each plate boundary. c. Indicate with larger arrows the general direction of motion of each plate across the Earth’s surface. ...
Chapter 2
... - A logical inference would be that spreading rates, and pulses of spreading activity were also variable in the geologic past. Evidence from ancient rocks indicates that crustal plates existed as long as 3.5 billion years ago and moved at an average rate of about 1.7 cm/yr. - Iceland is one locality ...
... - A logical inference would be that spreading rates, and pulses of spreading activity were also variable in the geologic past. Evidence from ancient rocks indicates that crustal plates existed as long as 3.5 billion years ago and moved at an average rate of about 1.7 cm/yr. - Iceland is one locality ...
anddestructiveforces_powerpoint
... energy in the Earth’s crust. • It is caused by a strain on the fault lines of the Earth’s crust. When the energy of the strain is released, similar to a rubber band snapping, the earthquake occurs. • At the Earth's surface, earthquakes cause a shaking or displacement of the ground and sometimes caus ...
... energy in the Earth’s crust. • It is caused by a strain on the fault lines of the Earth’s crust. When the energy of the strain is released, similar to a rubber band snapping, the earthquake occurs. • At the Earth's surface, earthquakes cause a shaking or displacement of the ground and sometimes caus ...
2 - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... 4. Why are some regions subject to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions while others are not? 5. How did Earth’s surface environment, and the life it contains, evolve over billions of years? 6. What changes are likely in the future? ...
... 4. Why are some regions subject to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions while others are not? 5. How did Earth’s surface environment, and the life it contains, evolve over billions of years? 6. What changes are likely in the future? ...
Changes in Earth`s Surface
... • Ultimately: heat transported from core and mantle to surface • Heat transported by convection • Core is ~5,000°C and surface is ~0°C • Where mantle rises: rifting • Where mantle sinks: subduction zones ...
... • Ultimately: heat transported from core and mantle to surface • Heat transported by convection • Core is ~5,000°C and surface is ~0°C • Where mantle rises: rifting • Where mantle sinks: subduction zones ...
magma and lava types of eruptions notes
... Ocean: - occur at mid-ocean ridges The lava oozes out and cools _______________ into rounded shapes called ______________ ________________ Land: - may spread lava evenly over _____________ of square kilometers Form ______________ ________________: mountain with broad base and gently sloping ...
... Ocean: - occur at mid-ocean ridges The lava oozes out and cools _______________ into rounded shapes called ______________ ________________ Land: - may spread lava evenly over _____________ of square kilometers Form ______________ ________________: mountain with broad base and gently sloping ...
Final Exam, Fall, 2015
... 14. Felsic magmas typically produce plutonic rocks, rather than volcanic ones, because a. felsic magmas are formed deep in the mantle, and it's too far to the surface. b. felsic magmas only form in the crust, not in volcanoes. c. felsic magmas are much more viscous than mafic magmas. d. felsic magma ...
... 14. Felsic magmas typically produce plutonic rocks, rather than volcanic ones, because a. felsic magmas are formed deep in the mantle, and it's too far to the surface. b. felsic magmas only form in the crust, not in volcanoes. c. felsic magmas are much more viscous than mafic magmas. d. felsic magma ...
Earth`s Layers FOLDABLE© Question Sheet
... Challenge: Perhaps you have imagined digging a tunnel through the earth that comes out the other side. Figure it out ... How many kilometers would you have to dig? Show your work! ...
... Challenge: Perhaps you have imagined digging a tunnel through the earth that comes out the other side. Figure it out ... How many kilometers would you have to dig? Show your work! ...
Volcanoes
... Sometimes volcanic gases can mix with rock fragments forming a pyroclastic flow. This is a dense cloud of superhot gases and rock fragments that races downhill. It can be as hot as 800°C (1500°F) and can travel faster than 160 kilometers per hour (100 mi/h). Pyroclastic flows are the most dangerous ...
... Sometimes volcanic gases can mix with rock fragments forming a pyroclastic flow. This is a dense cloud of superhot gases and rock fragments that races downhill. It can be as hot as 800°C (1500°F) and can travel faster than 160 kilometers per hour (100 mi/h). Pyroclastic flows are the most dangerous ...
volcanoes 1 - Earth Science Teachers` Association
... the sea but we cannot see them. The volcanoes under the sea erupt lava into very cold water which cools the lava down very quickly, forming into a dark dense rock consisting of very small crystals (basalt). Whereas, the lava from volcanoes erupting onto the land tends to cool more slowly which allow ...
... the sea but we cannot see them. The volcanoes under the sea erupt lava into very cold water which cools the lava down very quickly, forming into a dark dense rock consisting of very small crystals (basalt). Whereas, the lava from volcanoes erupting onto the land tends to cool more slowly which allow ...
Earthquakes and Volcanoes – the essentials!
... This is where two plates diverge and pull apart. As a gap appears between the two plates, lava can escape in a line or fissure. The lava creates new oceanic crust and forms mid-ocean ridges such as the one that runs down the centre of the Atlantic Ocean. Volcanoes can be found in certain locations b ...
... This is where two plates diverge and pull apart. As a gap appears between the two plates, lava can escape in a line or fissure. The lava creates new oceanic crust and forms mid-ocean ridges such as the one that runs down the centre of the Atlantic Ocean. Volcanoes can be found in certain locations b ...
Slide 1
... 2. Shallow-focus quakes are produced in the weak rock as the descending plate sinks. 3. As the descending plate (and weak rock section) goes deeper the earthquake foci become deeper. 4. No earthquakes have been produced below 700 km. This is where the rock begins to soften and melt. ...
... 2. Shallow-focus quakes are produced in the weak rock as the descending plate sinks. 3. As the descending plate (and weak rock section) goes deeper the earthquake foci become deeper. 4. No earthquakes have been produced below 700 km. This is where the rock begins to soften and melt. ...
The theory of Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries
... under the continental plate into the mantle where it melts. That melted plate rises up to create a volcanic arc on the continental crust. The continental crust is also pushed up causing mountains. ...
... under the continental plate into the mantle where it melts. That melted plate rises up to create a volcanic arc on the continental crust. The continental crust is also pushed up causing mountains. ...
Magmas and Igneous Rocks
... If the raised geothermal gradient becomes higher than the initial melting temperature at any pressure, then a partial melt will form. Liquid from this partial melt can be separated from the remaining crystals because, in general, liquids have a lower density than solids. Basaltic magmas appear to or ...
... If the raised geothermal gradient becomes higher than the initial melting temperature at any pressure, then a partial melt will form. Liquid from this partial melt can be separated from the remaining crystals because, in general, liquids have a lower density than solids. Basaltic magmas appear to or ...
Geology :: 9. Convergent and transform fault plate margins
... Computer-aided calculations indicate the temperature changes with time in 5 and 10 million years after the start of subduction. ...
... Computer-aided calculations indicate the temperature changes with time in 5 and 10 million years after the start of subduction. ...
Newark Basin
... Most of the Watchung Mountains throughout central New Jersey are examples of extrusive igneous rocks, displaying characteristic columnar jointing and stacked lava flows. ...
... Most of the Watchung Mountains throughout central New Jersey are examples of extrusive igneous rocks, displaying characteristic columnar jointing and stacked lava flows. ...
What are rocks?
... Shale is a fine grained stone made from compacted mud. Shale is used to make pottery, china, tile and bricks. The second is sandstone. Sandstone is made from quarts that are held together by cement, and often used to make buildings. ...
... Shale is a fine grained stone made from compacted mud. Shale is used to make pottery, china, tile and bricks. The second is sandstone. Sandstone is made from quarts that are held together by cement, and often used to make buildings. ...
deep-ocean trench
... Many people had noticed the shapes of the continents seemed to fit together like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. As long ago as 1620, the English thinker Francis Bacon noticed just how similar the coasts of South America and Africa are. ...
... Many people had noticed the shapes of the continents seemed to fit together like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. As long ago as 1620, the English thinker Francis Bacon noticed just how similar the coasts of South America and Africa are. ...
Mantle plumes persevere
... superplume. Another recent study shows that these geochemical variations also could have been caused by small-scale mantle convection causing a variation in plate thickness beneath this hotspot 23 and thus creating different melting regimes in the shallow upper mantle. It is entirely plausible that ...
... superplume. Another recent study shows that these geochemical variations also could have been caused by small-scale mantle convection causing a variation in plate thickness beneath this hotspot 23 and thus creating different melting regimes in the shallow upper mantle. It is entirely plausible that ...
Plate Motion and Convection Currents
... movement of plates, but there is still much to find out about how the plates move and how convection currents work. For example, it is known that sometimes heat from the molten asthenosphere does not move evenly in convection currents but comes to the surface as gushes of hot material that melts thr ...
... movement of plates, but there is still much to find out about how the plates move and how convection currents work. For example, it is known that sometimes heat from the molten asthenosphere does not move evenly in convection currents but comes to the surface as gushes of hot material that melts thr ...
Large igneous province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including liquid rock (intrusive) or volcanic rock formations (extrusive), when hot magma extrudes from inside the Earth and flows out. The source of many or all LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with plate tectonics. Types of LIPs can include large volcanic provinces (LVP), created through flood basalt and large plutonic provinces (LPP). Eleven distinct flood basalt episodes occurred in the past 250 million years, creating volcanic provinces, which coincided with mass extinctions in prehistoric times. Formation depends on a range of factors, such as continental configuration, latitude, volume, rate, duration of eruption, style and setting (continental vs. oceanic), the preexisting climate state, and the biota resilience to change.