2011 - University of Colorado Boulder
... listed in Tables 1 and 2, the averaged viscosities for the upper mantle and lower mantle are ~4.5 × 1019 Pas and ~7 × 1021 Pas, respectively. The internal heating ratio for this case determined a posteriori from the surface and CMB heat fluxes is ~61% (Table 2), implying a significant but reasonable f ...
... listed in Tables 1 and 2, the averaged viscosities for the upper mantle and lower mantle are ~4.5 × 1019 Pas and ~7 × 1021 Pas, respectively. The internal heating ratio for this case determined a posteriori from the surface and CMB heat fluxes is ~61% (Table 2), implying a significant but reasonable f ...
Geology and Mineral Resources of Dwyer Quadrangle, Grant, Luna
... Dwyer quadrangle is a 15-minute quadrangle located in southwestern New Mexico, southeast of the town of Santa Rita. The major part of this report deals with the Tertiary volcanic history of the quadrangle and the petrology of the volcanic rocks. Up to 8,000 feet of volcanic rocks lie on a basement o ...
... Dwyer quadrangle is a 15-minute quadrangle located in southwestern New Mexico, southeast of the town of Santa Rita. The major part of this report deals with the Tertiary volcanic history of the quadrangle and the petrology of the volcanic rocks. Up to 8,000 feet of volcanic rocks lie on a basement o ...
GEOLOGY OF THE KÜTAHYA-BOLKARDAĞ BELT Abstract
... been formed. A third phase paragenesis that represented by actinolite and white mica formation overprints HP/LT metamorphic paragenesis. The same paragenesis is observed in diabase dikes that intersects Göktepe Metamorphics. The last two phases are considered as a product of Alpine HP/LT metamorphis ...
... been formed. A third phase paragenesis that represented by actinolite and white mica formation overprints HP/LT metamorphic paragenesis. The same paragenesis is observed in diabase dikes that intersects Göktepe Metamorphics. The last two phases are considered as a product of Alpine HP/LT metamorphis ...
2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole Chapter 3 Geology of the Oceans
... • The world ocean has four main basins: the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Arctic. • Life first evolved in the ocean. • The earth’s crust is composed of moving plates. • New seafloor is produced at ocean ridges and old seafloor is removed at ocean trenches. © 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole ...
... • The world ocean has four main basins: the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Arctic. • Life first evolved in the ocean. • The earth’s crust is composed of moving plates. • New seafloor is produced at ocean ridges and old seafloor is removed at ocean trenches. © 2006 Thomson-Brooks Cole ...
Origin of the Easter Submarine Alignment: morphology and
... other names. This chain extends over 2900 km from Easter Island up to its joining point with the Nazca Ridge (Fig. 1) and is formed by large seamounts, which can reach heights of more than 3000 m above the adjacent seafloor. This chain crosses the East Pacific Rise at about 27°S (González-Ferrán, 19 ...
... other names. This chain extends over 2900 km from Easter Island up to its joining point with the Nazca Ridge (Fig. 1) and is formed by large seamounts, which can reach heights of more than 3000 m above the adjacent seafloor. This chain crosses the East Pacific Rise at about 27°S (González-Ferrán, 19 ...
Density modeling of the Escollos Alijos Seamount
... the World Geodetic System (WGS84) ellipsoid. The geoid undulation highlights several fracture zones, roughly oriented in an E-W direction, plus many seamounts. Geoid undulations are due to density anomalies, as the geoid is warped up above mass excesses and down above mass deficiencies. Long-wavelen ...
... the World Geodetic System (WGS84) ellipsoid. The geoid undulation highlights several fracture zones, roughly oriented in an E-W direction, plus many seamounts. Geoid undulations are due to density anomalies, as the geoid is warped up above mass excesses and down above mass deficiencies. Long-wavelen ...
New bathymetry and magnetic lineations identifications in the
... the gravity modeling indicates a reasonable oceanic crustal thickness of 6–7 km in the E–W trending magnetic lineation area (Figure 9a). The modeled crustal thickness is compatible with the existence of oceanic crust in the northernmost SCS. To the south of profile BB’, the Eastern Transect seismic r ...
... the gravity modeling indicates a reasonable oceanic crustal thickness of 6–7 km in the E–W trending magnetic lineation area (Figure 9a). The modeled crustal thickness is compatible with the existence of oceanic crust in the northernmost SCS. To the south of profile BB’, the Eastern Transect seismic r ...
Popov_a
... composition (Kartsalevo, Raevo, Keremidoto, etc.) associate with the Triassic greenschists and metadiabases in this region. They are located in the confines of the Gramatikovo ore field. There are also some occurrences of ilmenite-chlorite schists in this region. ...
... composition (Kartsalevo, Raevo, Keremidoto, etc.) associate with the Triassic greenschists and metadiabases in this region. They are located in the confines of the Gramatikovo ore field. There are also some occurrences of ilmenite-chlorite schists in this region. ...
Anatolide platform in Turkey
... basins vary significantly because most of the previous studies have attempted to interpret the formation of the basins within the context of arc-related (or active continental margin) tectonic settings. These models are mostly based on the assumption that there was an oceanic area (the Inner Tauride ...
... basins vary significantly because most of the previous studies have attempted to interpret the formation of the basins within the context of arc-related (or active continental margin) tectonic settings. These models are mostly based on the assumption that there was an oceanic area (the Inner Tauride ...
Advances in the geology of the Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana
... diagrams suggest that the felsic gneisses have an arc affinity, whereas most mafic samples fall in ocean floor fields. Both have strongly negative εNd (although the mafic samples are less so) suggesting contamination by older, evolved continental crust (Mueller et al., 2004, this volume, Chapter 9). ...
... diagrams suggest that the felsic gneisses have an arc affinity, whereas most mafic samples fall in ocean floor fields. Both have strongly negative εNd (although the mafic samples are less so) suggesting contamination by older, evolved continental crust (Mueller et al., 2004, this volume, Chapter 9). ...
GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE The Paradigm for 2014 That
... Knowledge Into Global Books of Knowledge • Step 2: From Today’s Books of Knowledge to Innovative Capacity Building • Step 3: From Today’s Paradigm to Tomorrow’s ...
... Knowledge Into Global Books of Knowledge • Step 2: From Today’s Books of Knowledge to Innovative Capacity Building • Step 3: From Today’s Paradigm to Tomorrow’s ...
The West Philippine Basin: An Eocene to early Oligocene back arc
... and its boundaries, we propose a comprehensive Cenozoic history of the basin. Our model shows that it is a back arc basin that developed between two opposed subduction zones. Rifting started around 55 Ma and spreading ended at 33/30 Ma. The initial spreading axis was parallel to the paleo-Philippine ...
... and its boundaries, we propose a comprehensive Cenozoic history of the basin. Our model shows that it is a back arc basin that developed between two opposed subduction zones. Rifting started around 55 Ma and spreading ended at 33/30 Ma. The initial spreading axis was parallel to the paleo-Philippine ...
1.6 General age and tectonic setting of the Arabian Shield
... distant beginnings more than 2,000 million years ago to present day processes that are sculpting and changing the rocks and landscape of the shield. The core of the history covers a 300-million-year period between 850 Ma to 550 Ma during which most of the rocks of the shield developed by processes o ...
... distant beginnings more than 2,000 million years ago to present day processes that are sculpting and changing the rocks and landscape of the shield. The core of the history covers a 300-million-year period between 850 Ma to 550 Ma during which most of the rocks of the shield developed by processes o ...
Stratigraphic subdivision of the Hidden and Louis formations, Flin
... Louis formations is marked by mafic tuff that represents a significant and mappable hiatus in volcanism traceable throughout the Flin Flon area. The Hidden formation defines the onset of hangingwall volcanism and comprises, from oldest to youngest, the 1920 unit, the Reservoir member and the Stockwell ...
... Louis formations is marked by mafic tuff that represents a significant and mappable hiatus in volcanism traceable throughout the Flin Flon area. The Hidden formation defines the onset of hangingwall volcanism and comprises, from oldest to youngest, the 1920 unit, the Reservoir member and the Stockwell ...
The transition from diffuse to focused extension: Modeled evolution
... the Late Cretaceous, extension was broadly distributed throughout much of West Antarctica. A second stage of extension in the late Paleogene was focused primarily in the Victoria Land Basin, near the boundary with the East Antarctic craton. The transition to focused extension was roughly coeval with ...
... the Late Cretaceous, extension was broadly distributed throughout much of West Antarctica. A second stage of extension in the late Paleogene was focused primarily in the Victoria Land Basin, near the boundary with the East Antarctic craton. The transition to focused extension was roughly coeval with ...
here - Eric Twelker
... What is AJ: The AJ is a roughly stratabound “mesothermal” gold deposit that produced 2.9 million ounces of gold between 1883 and 1944. Some Enigmas: • The deposit is located in intensely folded rocks at a particular stratigraphic horizon even though folding is not common in the area. • Primary struc ...
... What is AJ: The AJ is a roughly stratabound “mesothermal” gold deposit that produced 2.9 million ounces of gold between 1883 and 1944. Some Enigmas: • The deposit is located in intensely folded rocks at a particular stratigraphic horizon even though folding is not common in the area. • Primary struc ...
Physical Geography
... chances were good that they had been laid down at the same time. Detailed studies between 1820 and 1850 of the strata and fossils of Europe produced the sequence of geological phases still used today. The process was dominated by British geologists, and the names of the phases reflect that dominance ...
... chances were good that they had been laid down at the same time. Detailed studies between 1820 and 1850 of the strata and fossils of Europe produced the sequence of geological phases still used today. The process was dominated by British geologists, and the names of the phases reflect that dominance ...
Q and its Variation in the Earth`s Crust and Upper Mantle.
... measured Q values for that wave largely reflect intrinsic properties of the crust. All of the measurements that we discuss in this section can be placed in one of two major categories: (1) those in which seismic source effects cancel and (2) those in which assumptions are made about the seismic sour ...
... measured Q values for that wave largely reflect intrinsic properties of the crust. All of the measurements that we discuss in this section can be placed in one of two major categories: (1) those in which seismic source effects cancel and (2) those in which assumptions are made about the seismic sour ...
Geology and Mineral Potential of the Warner Pass Map Sheet
... most extensively exposed areas of this unit occur east of Big Creek, hut critical exposures are distributed throughout the northwestern part of the study area, where it occurs below a marked angular unconformity separating it from overlying strata of Unit 6. Theunit is characterized by variable prop ...
... most extensively exposed areas of this unit occur east of Big Creek, hut critical exposures are distributed throughout the northwestern part of the study area, where it occurs below a marked angular unconformity separating it from overlying strata of Unit 6. Theunit is characterized by variable prop ...
Large igneous province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including liquid rock (intrusive) or volcanic rock formations (extrusive), when hot magma extrudes from inside the Earth and flows out. The source of many or all LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with plate tectonics. Types of LIPs can include large volcanic provinces (LVP), created through flood basalt and large plutonic provinces (LPP). Eleven distinct flood basalt episodes occurred in the past 250 million years, creating volcanic provinces, which coincided with mass extinctions in prehistoric times. Formation depends on a range of factors, such as continental configuration, latitude, volume, rate, duration of eruption, style and setting (continental vs. oceanic), the preexisting climate state, and the biota resilience to change.