![Vulnerability and Feedbacks of Permafrost to Climate Change](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016887127_1-e47830e51942363bcf24a90f97993917-300x300.png)
Vulnerability and Feedbacks of Permafrost to Climate Change
... or growth) will affect methane emissions and carbon sequestration and thus permafrost– carbon cycle feedbacks. Changes in thermokarst lake extent observed during recent decades show both increases and decreases in area depending on region. Other processes also degrade permafrost and mobilize deep s ...
... or growth) will affect methane emissions and carbon sequestration and thus permafrost– carbon cycle feedbacks. Changes in thermokarst lake extent observed during recent decades show both increases and decreases in area depending on region. Other processes also degrade permafrost and mobilize deep s ...
Climate phoenix - Grattan Institute
... degrees. 1 To give ourselves a good chance of meeting this target, humans will need to stop adding to the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere during the second half of this century. 2 The Climate Change Authority and others believe that Australia should achieve net zero emissions by 2050 if it is to ...
... degrees. 1 To give ourselves a good chance of meeting this target, humans will need to stop adding to the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere during the second half of this century. 2 The Climate Change Authority and others believe that Australia should achieve net zero emissions by 2050 if it is to ...
WORKING GROUP III CONTRIBUTION TO THE IPCC FIFTH ASSESSMENT REPORT (AR5)
... comparisons of costs and benefits, treatment of discounting, incidence (households and firms), game theory and supra-national agreements, shadow prices and market prices as well as a critique of the economic paradigm, distortions and second-best solutions, and non-price models of consumer behavior. ...
... comparisons of costs and benefits, treatment of discounting, incidence (households and firms), game theory and supra-national agreements, shadow prices and market prices as well as a critique of the economic paradigm, distortions and second-best solutions, and non-price models of consumer behavior. ...
Read and the brochure here
... Fossil fuels contain specific ratios of carbon isotopes, which are different from those in the atmosphere or in renewable energy sources. In particular, fossil fuels do not contain radioactive carbon (14C). A contribution of fossil fuel CO2 therefore reduces the atmospheric 14C/C ratio at the measur ...
... Fossil fuels contain specific ratios of carbon isotopes, which are different from those in the atmosphere or in renewable energy sources. In particular, fossil fuels do not contain radioactive carbon (14C). A contribution of fossil fuel CO2 therefore reduces the atmospheric 14C/C ratio at the measur ...
NEPA, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND PUBLIC LANDS DECISION MAKING
... change. The difficulty stems predominantly from the global scale and the perceived uncertainty of climate change. Though scientists generally agree that anthropogenic climate change is real, substantial uncertainty exists about the primary driver of climate change—future greenhouse gas (GHG) emissio ...
... change. The difficulty stems predominantly from the global scale and the perceived uncertainty of climate change. Though scientists generally agree that anthropogenic climate change is real, substantial uncertainty exists about the primary driver of climate change—future greenhouse gas (GHG) emissio ...
Chapter 17 CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE COURTS: JURISDICTION
... scientific uncertainty concerning specific impacts of climate change and the contribution of specific activities, such as GHG emissions from a particular facility, to a specific injury, such as melting ice, make the “fairly traceable” requirement potentially difficult to show. In addition, the contr ...
... scientific uncertainty concerning specific impacts of climate change and the contribution of specific activities, such as GHG emissions from a particular facility, to a specific injury, such as melting ice, make the “fairly traceable” requirement potentially difficult to show. In addition, the contr ...
CATF, AG fires, 11/16 - Clean Air Task Force
... burning that reaches the Arctic in spring. Remote sensing of fires in non-‐forest lands, combined with analysis of chemical transport models and fire emissions databases, reveal that concentrations of black ...
... burning that reaches the Arctic in spring. Remote sensing of fires in non-‐forest lands, combined with analysis of chemical transport models and fire emissions databases, reveal that concentrations of black ...
Smoke, Mirrors & Hot Air How ExxonMobil Uses Big Tobacco’s Tactics
... $686 million.9 When Raymond retired at the end of 2005, he received an exorbitant retirement package worth nearly $400 million, prompting sharp criticism from shareholders.10 ExxonMobil is now headed by CEO Rex Tillerson, but the corporate policies Raymond forged so far remain largely intact. Ex ...
... $686 million.9 When Raymond retired at the end of 2005, he received an exorbitant retirement package worth nearly $400 million, prompting sharp criticism from shareholders.10 ExxonMobil is now headed by CEO Rex Tillerson, but the corporate policies Raymond forged so far remain largely intact. Ex ...
Center for Economic and Policy Studies Rethinking Environmental
... centers of political power, subnational governments have substantial ability to change the direction of national policy. We explore some of the interesting questions raised in establishing cost-effective climate policy in countries with a federal structure of government. In the next section of the p ...
... centers of political power, subnational governments have substantial ability to change the direction of national policy. We explore some of the interesting questions raised in establishing cost-effective climate policy in countries with a federal structure of government. In the next section of the p ...
When It Rains, It Pours - The Public Interest Network
... Environment America Research & Policy Center gratefully acknowledges the following individuals for providing technical review: Dr. Kenneth Kunkel, Director of the Center for Atmospheric Science at the Illinois State Water Survey; and Dr. David Easterling, Chief of the Scientific Services Division at ...
... Environment America Research & Policy Center gratefully acknowledges the following individuals for providing technical review: Dr. Kenneth Kunkel, Director of the Center for Atmospheric Science at the Illinois State Water Survey; and Dr. David Easterling, Chief of the Scientific Services Division at ...
https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/sa1stbiennialupdatereport.pdf
... before the end of 2014. This report follows the Biennial Reporting Guidelines for Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention, and therefore comprises of the following ...
... before the end of 2014. This report follows the Biennial Reporting Guidelines for Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention, and therefore comprises of the following ...
S2013034_en.pdf
... developing countries and the participation of these countries in carbon markets. It analyzes the interactions among the economy, the energy sector and the environment. In particular, it assesses the economic effects of the reduction of GHG under the Kyoto Protocol, and the economic implications that ...
... developing countries and the participation of these countries in carbon markets. It analyzes the interactions among the economy, the energy sector and the environment. In particular, it assesses the economic effects of the reduction of GHG under the Kyoto Protocol, and the economic implications that ...
A NEPA Climate Paradox: Taking Greenhouse Gases into Account
... project-related GHG emissions. In Center for Biological Diversity v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,27 the Ninth Circuit ruled that the impact of GHG emissions on climate change is “precisely the kind of cumulative impact[] analysis that NEPA requires agencies to conduct.”28 Although ...
... project-related GHG emissions. In Center for Biological Diversity v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,27 the Ninth Circuit ruled that the impact of GHG emissions on climate change is “precisely the kind of cumulative impact[] analysis that NEPA requires agencies to conduct.”28 Although ...
The Emissions Gap Report 2016
... This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as ...
... This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as ...
Consequences of Considering Carbon–Nitrogen
... where Cmax is the maximum rate of C assimilation, and kC is the CO2 concentration at which C assimilation proceeds at one-half of its maximum rate (i.e., Cmax). The sensitivity of plant uptake on kC is defined not by the absolute value of f(CO2(t)), which decreases with kC, but by the ratio of f(CO2 ...
... where Cmax is the maximum rate of C assimilation, and kC is the CO2 concentration at which C assimilation proceeds at one-half of its maximum rate (i.e., Cmax). The sensitivity of plant uptake on kC is defined not by the absolute value of f(CO2(t)), which decreases with kC, but by the ratio of f(CO2 ...
A Question of Balance - Yale Economics
... signals—such as greater high-latitude warming—that are distinguishing indicators of this particular type of warming. Recent evidence and model predictions suggest that global mean surface temperature will rise sharply in the next century and beyond. Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report ...
... signals—such as greater high-latitude warming—that are distinguishing indicators of this particular type of warming. Recent evidence and model predictions suggest that global mean surface temperature will rise sharply in the next century and beyond. Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report ...
CDP_UoE Workshop Presentation_CDP
... Disclose information related with electricity accounted for at zero emissions factor ...
... Disclose information related with electricity accounted for at zero emissions factor ...
teaching manual - Live and Learn
... livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur in a particular community or a society over some specified future time period. ...
... livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur in a particular community or a society over some specified future time period. ...
NFU`s work on climate change
... • We believe that the UK farmers can continue to supply food and fuel for a growing global population whilst helping the natural environment and society to adjust to climate change • Agriculture is also part of the solution to climate change. A 'green energy revolution' will be needed to meet the Cl ...
... • We believe that the UK farmers can continue to supply food and fuel for a growing global population whilst helping the natural environment and society to adjust to climate change • Agriculture is also part of the solution to climate change. A 'green energy revolution' will be needed to meet the Cl ...
Environment, Politics and Development Working Paper Series
... global poor. One of the leading processes for cementing this growing connection between climate change [mitigation] and development is what is known as the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) which came out of Kyoto in 1997, but was firmed up subsequently in the Marrakech Accords in 2001 (see table 1 ...
... global poor. One of the leading processes for cementing this growing connection between climate change [mitigation] and development is what is known as the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) which came out of Kyoto in 1997, but was firmed up subsequently in the Marrakech Accords in 2001 (see table 1 ...
Leadership in Climate Change Mitigation
... as a leader. Large countries have more cheap mitigation options in absolute terms. They will thus find it cheaper to finance large absolute abatement. Large country size also facilitates the development of low carbon technology as a reaction to emission reductions. On the downside, large countries w ...
... as a leader. Large countries have more cheap mitigation options in absolute terms. They will thus find it cheaper to finance large absolute abatement. Large country size also facilitates the development of low carbon technology as a reaction to emission reductions. On the downside, large countries w ...
Methane, the Clathrate-gun conjecture and a disturbed
... Pliocene, 5Ma to around 3Ma (million years ago), when sea levels were significantly higher than present, perhaps 25m higher. [Temperatures are based on deep ocean core records. Relationships between ocean and ground surface temperature (GST) are discussed in this reference.] During the increasingly ...
... Pliocene, 5Ma to around 3Ma (million years ago), when sea levels were significantly higher than present, perhaps 25m higher. [Temperatures are based on deep ocean core records. Relationships between ocean and ground surface temperature (GST) are discussed in this reference.] During the increasingly ...
the impacts of global climate change on grassland ecosystems
... different downscaling techniques can produce significantly different patterns of local climate in a region. Another weakness of GCMs is their inability to reproduce the climate variability on the timescales experienced by vegetation. Various methods exist for generating daily climatological data usi ...
... different downscaling techniques can produce significantly different patterns of local climate in a region. Another weakness of GCMs is their inability to reproduce the climate variability on the timescales experienced by vegetation. Various methods exist for generating daily climatological data usi ...
Briefing Paper: Climate Change and Health
... While industrial countries have started to protect themselves by developing adaptation interventions, middle income countries have only limited such capabilities and low income countries are hardly capable of doing this at all. The latter however will carry the main burden of the change although the ...
... While industrial countries have started to protect themselves by developing adaptation interventions, middle income countries have only limited such capabilities and low income countries are hardly capable of doing this at all. The latter however will carry the main burden of the change although the ...
The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the
... methane and nitrous oxide emissions in particular can contribute to climate change2,3. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively4–6, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate sy ...
... methane and nitrous oxide emissions in particular can contribute to climate change2,3. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively4–6, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate sy ...