chapter- ii literature review
... 2.1 Magnetism of materials The origin of magnetism of materials comes from the orbital and spin motions of electrons, in which the electrons interact with one another. The best way to understand different types of magnetism is to describe how materials respond to magnetic fields. The main different ...
... 2.1 Magnetism of materials The origin of magnetism of materials comes from the orbital and spin motions of electrons, in which the electrons interact with one another. The best way to understand different types of magnetism is to describe how materials respond to magnetic fields. The main different ...
Atomically crafted spin lattices as model systems for quantum
... to speak of collective spin excitations, but still small enough in order for these excitations to be coherent throughout the system. It is in this region that we can learn how the collective quantum mechanical behaviour of interacting spins eventually gives rise to the emergence of the magnetic prop ...
... to speak of collective spin excitations, but still small enough in order for these excitations to be coherent throughout the system. It is in this region that we can learn how the collective quantum mechanical behaviour of interacting spins eventually gives rise to the emergence of the magnetic prop ...
221A Lecture Notes on Spin
... When we introduce spin in non-relativistic quantum mechanics, it looks ad hoc. We just say we add an additional contribution to the total angular momentum. What actually is it? The cartoonish explanation is that particles are spinning like a top. Spin is said to be an intrinsic property of quantum m ...
... When we introduce spin in non-relativistic quantum mechanics, it looks ad hoc. We just say we add an additional contribution to the total angular momentum. What actually is it? The cartoonish explanation is that particles are spinning like a top. Spin is said to be an intrinsic property of quantum m ...
Compass models: Theory and physical motivations
... in certain superconducting Josephson-junction arrays (Xu and Moore, 2004; Nussinov and Fradkin, 2005) and exchange interactions in ultracold atomic gasses (Duan, Demler, and Lukin, 2003; Wu, 2008). Last but not least, quantum compass models have recently made an entrance onto the scene of quantum in ...
... in certain superconducting Josephson-junction arrays (Xu and Moore, 2004; Nussinov and Fradkin, 2005) and exchange interactions in ultracold atomic gasses (Duan, Demler, and Lukin, 2003; Wu, 2008). Last but not least, quantum compass models have recently made an entrance onto the scene of quantum in ...
Generation of arbitrary Dicke states in spinor Bose±Einstein
... this need not be the case. In order to create squeezed states with arbitrary prescribed value of hJ^z i m0 and arbitrary Dicke states, we propose to use instead the following method: ®rst, a coupling pulse of appropriate strength is applied to the ground state jj; ji, creating an initial CSS with ...
... this need not be the case. In order to create squeezed states with arbitrary prescribed value of hJ^z i m0 and arbitrary Dicke states, we propose to use instead the following method: ®rst, a coupling pulse of appropriate strength is applied to the ground state jj; ji, creating an initial CSS with ...
Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
... governed by an ordinary differential equation of first order (i.e. Newton’s second law), so that the whole dynamics of a given system can be described by stating the position and the velocity of its constituents at some time t0 , it is evident that through each point of Λ there runs exactly one traj ...
... governed by an ordinary differential equation of first order (i.e. Newton’s second law), so that the whole dynamics of a given system can be described by stating the position and the velocity of its constituents at some time t0 , it is evident that through each point of Λ there runs exactly one traj ...
Non-Perturbative Aspects of Nonlinear Sigma Models
... Model would naturally allow for a term which breaks this symmetry. A mechanism is required which explains the suppression of such term. It is a topological operator which is invariant under small variations of the fields and one would hence expect that it is not affected by quantum fluctuations. Explic ...
... Model would naturally allow for a term which breaks this symmetry. A mechanism is required which explains the suppression of such term. It is a topological operator which is invariant under small variations of the fields and one would hence expect that it is not affected by quantum fluctuations. Explic ...
Conformal Bootstrap Approach to O(N) Fixed Points in Five
... four-point correlation functions and were studied extensively starting from the early developments. To demonstrate utility of the conformal bootstrap program in higher dimensions, we explicitly work out for O(N ) symmetric four-point correlation functions in five dimensions. The study required us to ...
... four-point correlation functions and were studied extensively starting from the early developments. To demonstrate utility of the conformal bootstrap program in higher dimensions, we explicitly work out for O(N ) symmetric four-point correlation functions in five dimensions. The study required us to ...
“New Horizons in Condensed Matter Physics”
... presence of an external potential this system becomes a quantum dot, a device that confines single electrons on a nanometre scale. The graphene dot is a close analogue of a relativistic atom, with the important feature that the strength of the confining potential is experimentally tunable. This enab ...
... presence of an external potential this system becomes a quantum dot, a device that confines single electrons on a nanometre scale. The graphene dot is a close analogue of a relativistic atom, with the important feature that the strength of the confining potential is experimentally tunable. This enab ...
Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters and Complexity
... statistical mechanics to explain the simple behavior of complex systems. Statistical mechanics brings together concepts and methods that infiltrate into many fields of science, engineering, and mathematics. Ensembles, entropy, phases, Monte Carlo, emergent laws, and criticality – all are concepts and ...
... statistical mechanics to explain the simple behavior of complex systems. Statistical mechanics brings together concepts and methods that infiltrate into many fields of science, engineering, and mathematics. Ensembles, entropy, phases, Monte Carlo, emergent laws, and criticality – all are concepts and ...
Lindblad driving for nonequilibrium steady
... In this Bachelor thesis we provide a first consistency check for a Lindblad approach in the context of nonequilibrium transport in quantum impurity models with local interactions. To this end we discuss the derivation and steady-state properties of quantum master equations (QME) in Lindblad form for ...
... In this Bachelor thesis we provide a first consistency check for a Lindblad approach in the context of nonequilibrium transport in quantum impurity models with local interactions. To this end we discuss the derivation and steady-state properties of quantum master equations (QME) in Lindblad form for ...
Hyperfine interaction and spin decoherence in quantum dots
... In this thesis we address several aspects of hyperfine interaction and decoherence in quantum dots. First, we analyze some aspects of the decoherence that arises from the hyperfine interaction. In the case of driven single-spin oscillations we show that hyperfine interaction leads to a universal pha ...
... In this thesis we address several aspects of hyperfine interaction and decoherence in quantum dots. First, we analyze some aspects of the decoherence that arises from the hyperfine interaction. In the case of driven single-spin oscillations we show that hyperfine interaction leads to a universal pha ...
Quantum Mediated Effective Interactions for Spatially Complex
... and one can ask about the nature of the ground state resulting from minimizing the magnetic interactions. More often than not, a ground state, defined by specifying the spin orientation or the spin state at every site on the discrete lattice, is complex. Complex meaning that the spin arrangement in ...
... and one can ask about the nature of the ground state resulting from minimizing the magnetic interactions. More often than not, a ground state, defined by specifying the spin orientation or the spin state at every site on the discrete lattice, is complex. Complex meaning that the spin arrangement in ...
Sum rule of the correlation function
... studied in nuclear collisions for bombarding energies from tens of MeV [1] to hundreds of GeV [2]. These functions provide information about space-time characteristics of particle sources in the collisions. As shown by one of us [3], the correlation function integrated over particle relative momentu ...
... studied in nuclear collisions for bombarding energies from tens of MeV [1] to hundreds of GeV [2]. These functions provide information about space-time characteristics of particle sources in the collisions. As shown by one of us [3], the correlation function integrated over particle relative momentu ...
Interplay of driving, nonlinearity and dissipation in nanoscale and ultracold atom systems
... dimensionality, (ii) the statistics of its constituent particles, (iii) the strength of the particle-particle interactions and (iv) the degree of disorder of the system: (i) Not all condensed matter systems are embedded in the ordinary threedimensional space. Reduced dimensionality arises in a latti ...
... dimensionality, (ii) the statistics of its constituent particles, (iii) the strength of the particle-particle interactions and (iv) the degree of disorder of the system: (i) Not all condensed matter systems are embedded in the ordinary threedimensional space. Reduced dimensionality arises in a latti ...
Topology of electronic bands and Topological Order
... For ν = 1/3: unique ground state on the sphere but 3-fold degenerate ground state on the torus. In general FQHE ...
... For ν = 1/3: unique ground state on the sphere but 3-fold degenerate ground state on the torus. In general FQHE ...
Chapter 1 The Kondo screening cloud: what it is and
... of non-magnetic impurities and taking into account electron-electron interactions even away from the impurity location. Thus searches for effects at this length scale represent both an experimental challenge to find sufficiently ideal systems and also an opportunity to study the limits of validity o ...
... of non-magnetic impurities and taking into account electron-electron interactions even away from the impurity location. Thus searches for effects at this length scale represent both an experimental challenge to find sufficiently ideal systems and also an opportunity to study the limits of validity o ...
Quantized magnetoresistance in atomic-size
... The entire electrochemical cell was rotated by a step motor in a magnetic field of 1 T produced by an electromagnet. Both the angle and the conductance were synchronically recorded as a function of time. The angular rotation was performed from 0° to 180°, with 0° corresponding to the magnetic field ...
... The entire electrochemical cell was rotated by a step motor in a magnetic field of 1 T produced by an electromagnet. Both the angle and the conductance were synchronically recorded as a function of time. The angular rotation was performed from 0° to 180°, with 0° corresponding to the magnetic field ...