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Are Your Students High-Maintenance
Are Your Students High-Maintenance

... 6.1 - 6.4, 6.3B, 6.3C, 6.5 B 6.10 A, 6.10 C, 6.10D The Earth's layers; a limited number of the many known elements comprise the largest portion of solid Earth, living matter, oceans, and the atmosphere; the major tectonic plates: describe how plate tectonics causes major geological events. ...
Natural Hazards – Earthquakes, Volcanoes and
Natural Hazards – Earthquakes, Volcanoes and

... An earthquake is the sudden shaking of the ground due to the movement of tectonic plates. The convection currents in the mantle causes the plates to move away or towards each other, or slide past each other. Frictions occur along plate boundaries and build up pressure in the rocks. ...
Earth`s Stresses Convection currents fuel continental
Earth`s Stresses Convection currents fuel continental

General Geology Lab #2: Natural Disasters Related to Tectonics
General Geology Lab #2: Natural Disasters Related to Tectonics

... Before we begin with the computer exercises, let’s review earthquakes and volcanic phenomena and another related hazard, tsunamis. 1) List the six main plate boundaries: ...
Plate Tectonics Guide
Plate Tectonics Guide

... As a result of their activities in grades 5-8, all students should develop an understanding that: • The solid earth is layered with a lithosphere; hot convecting mantle and dense, metallic core. • Lithospheric plates on the scales of continents and oceans constantly move at rates of centimeters per ...
Earth`s Moving Plates
Earth`s Moving Plates

... the crust is called the lithosphere. It is broken into about 30 sections or plates that move around on the plastic-like asthenosphere, which also is part of the mantle. ...
Title: Sum of the Parts
Title: Sum of the Parts

... significant volcanic eruptions.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include recalling the names of specific periods or epochs and events within them.] MS-ESS2-2. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth’s surface at varying time and spatial sc ...
Plate Tectonics Guide - Visual Learning Systems
Plate Tectonics Guide - Visual Learning Systems

... As a result of their activities in grades 5-8, all students should develop an understanding that: • The solid earth is layered with a lithosphere; hot convecting mantle and dense, metallic core. • Lithospheric plates on the scales of continents and oceans constantly move at rates of centimeters per ...
Book Review of "The Earth`s Mantle – Composition, Structure and
Book Review of "The Earth`s Mantle – Composition, Structure and

... the Earth and Moon, and the ideal tribute would capture some flavor of his rare skills for experimentation, synthesis and inference. This volume comes admirably close to the ideal, bringing together synoptic review papers from Ringwood’s colleagues in the Research School of Earth Sciences of Austral ...
Layers of the Earth Which layer is a solid ball due to
Layers of the Earth Which layer is a solid ball due to

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The Layers of Earth
The Layers of Earth

... 2 The first of these three layers is called the crust. It is the layer that we live on. The crust, consisting of the continents and the ocean basins, is the thinnest of Earth's layers. It ranges in thickness from 35-70 km thick under the continents to only 5-10 km thick under the oceans. 3 The crust ...
Features of Plate Tectonics
Features of Plate Tectonics

... plate will slide deep into the mantle. In this case, convergence may produce a long chain of volcanic islands known as a volcanic island arc (Figure 12.19B). The islands of Japan and Indonesia and the Aleutian Islands of Alaska are examples of volcanic island arcs. Such regions can experience earthq ...
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The Crustal Architecture and Continental Break Up of East India

Fact Sheet - SharpSchool
Fact Sheet - SharpSchool

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Ch. 11 Coastal Ocean - Seattle Central College

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Name Class___________ Date Grade 7 Science: Benchmark #2

... _____4. Part of the east coast of South America and the west coast of Africa have matching fossils within the same series of rock layers. This provides evidence that these two continents were once (1) separated by a much larger ocean (2) joined together as one landmass (3) located near the North Pol ...
Arc Magmatism
Arc Magmatism

... • Activity along arcuate volcanic island chains along subduction zones • Distinctly different from the mainly basaltic provinces – Composition more diverse and silicic – Basalt generally occurs in subordinate quantities – More explosive than the quiescent basalts – Strato-volcanoes are the most comm ...
Geodynamic evolution of the Earth over the Phanerozoic: Plate
Geodynamic evolution of the Earth over the Phanerozoic: Plate

... evolution of the boundary conditions. We stress that plate boundaries are lithospheric discontinuities which cannot appear spontaneously by themselves. In the UNIL model (v.2011, © Neftex), new plate boundaries can be created in the following configurations: In extension: (1) lithospheric plate unde ...
Earth`s Moving Crust: A Movement Lab for Plate Tectonics Activity
Earth`s Moving Crust: A Movement Lab for Plate Tectonics Activity

... The following are two separate games that can be played to explore the concepts of plate tectonics. When introducing these “games,” begin by saying that you are going to be trying something a little bit new and different. Introduce the activity as an experiment. Maybe something along the lines of, ...
Isostasy
Isostasy

... Distribution of elevations: two preferred elevations => fundamental difference between ocean and continents Continents ~ granite (2.67), oceans ~ basalts (3.3) => idea that Earth’s elevations are supported hydrostatically ...
PLATE BOUNDARy MOVEMENTS AND THEIR RESULTS FOLDABLE
PLATE BOUNDARy MOVEMENTS AND THEIR RESULTS FOLDABLE

... continued! 1. Bring the left and right sides in so that they lay equal in size to the center 2. Crease and fold on both sides 3. Open the paper up and cut only the top (shorter) side on each of the two folds. ...
What is below the Earth`s crust
What is below the Earth`s crust

... In addition to the instrument measurements, researchers collected material from the hole to study the composition of the fault zone. They will collect additional core samples starting in 2007. Scientists also hope to learn more about the role earthquakes played in assembling North America. At San An ...
Planet Earth - Wayne State University Physics and Astronomy
Planet Earth - Wayne State University Physics and Astronomy

... deep The Earth is composed largely of metals and silicate rock Most of this material is in a solid state, but some of it is hot enough to be molten 12 July 2005 ...
Tectonic And Surface Processes Interaction
Tectonic And Surface Processes Interaction

... Aggradation refers to the building up of the Earth’s surface and in consequence is intimately coupled with degradation. The agents that intervene are water (such as running water, groundwater, waves, currents, tides) glaciers, mass wasting, and wind. The erosion causes the leveling of the relief and ...
C1b 6.2 The Restless Earth
C1b 6.2 The Restless Earth

... Metamorphic rocks Marble, slate and schist are metamorphic. – Limestone is a rock often formed from the sediment of shells. Temperature and pressure cause the rock to reform as small crystals that are much harder. It is used as a hard and decorative stone in buildings, sculptures etc. ...
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Plate tectonics



Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.
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