PLATE TECTONICS: Lecture 5
... Subduction Zones are where cool lithospheric plates sink back into the mantle. It takes about 50 my for the ocean lithosphere that formed in the hot (>1000°C) environment at mid-ocean ridges to cool to an equilibrium state and sink to its maximum depth below sea-level. Although there is no universal ...
... Subduction Zones are where cool lithospheric plates sink back into the mantle. It takes about 50 my for the ocean lithosphere that formed in the hot (>1000°C) environment at mid-ocean ridges to cool to an equilibrium state and sink to its maximum depth below sea-level. Although there is no universal ...
Geography - Makemynewspaper
... core. It is 1,800 miles thick, mostly solid, hard rock, but the top layer can be flexible. The crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth, it is about 5 miles thick below the ocean, and 22 miles thick under the land. According to the Plate Tectonics theory the crust and upper flexible layer of the man ...
... core. It is 1,800 miles thick, mostly solid, hard rock, but the top layer can be flexible. The crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth, it is about 5 miles thick below the ocean, and 22 miles thick under the land. According to the Plate Tectonics theory the crust and upper flexible layer of the man ...
tectonic plates
... Often mistakenly called tidal waves, but have nothing to do with tides. Before a Tsunami arrives, the sea may recede dramatically, like water draining from a bath. They can travel along the seabed as fast as a jet plane, at 700 km/h or more. A Tsunami that begins as an earthquake in Japan c ...
... Often mistakenly called tidal waves, but have nothing to do with tides. Before a Tsunami arrives, the sea may recede dramatically, like water draining from a bath. They can travel along the seabed as fast as a jet plane, at 700 km/h or more. A Tsunami that begins as an earthquake in Japan c ...
Crustal Interactions Midterm Rev
... traveling to seismic stations C and D. 7 An observer discovers shallow-water marine fossils in rock strata at an elevation of 5,000 meters. What is the best explanation for this observation? 1) The level of the ocean was once 5,000 meters higher. 2) Violent earthquakes caused crustal subsidence. 3) ...
... traveling to seismic stations C and D. 7 An observer discovers shallow-water marine fossils in rock strata at an elevation of 5,000 meters. What is the best explanation for this observation? 1) The level of the ocean was once 5,000 meters higher. 2) Violent earthquakes caused crustal subsidence. 3) ...
Lesson 1: What are earthquakes and where do they occur
... The New Madrid Fault • If there is no plate boundary in the middle of the United States, why did these earthquakes take place? • Geologists are beginning to understand the answer. The New Madrid Fault Zone is part of an ancient plate boundary. In this area, the North American Plate tried to form a ...
... The New Madrid Fault • If there is no plate boundary in the middle of the United States, why did these earthquakes take place? • Geologists are beginning to understand the answer. The New Madrid Fault Zone is part of an ancient plate boundary. In this area, the North American Plate tried to form a ...
1 Introduction to Geomorphology I. INTRODUCTION A
... Mantle convection: physical movement of rock material as a heat transporting medium a) hot, deeper mantle rises as it is of < density b) cooler, shallower mantle sinks as it is of > density ...
... Mantle convection: physical movement of rock material as a heat transporting medium a) hot, deeper mantle rises as it is of < density b) cooler, shallower mantle sinks as it is of > density ...
Introduction to Planet “Earth”
... – Denser plate is subducted – Deep trenches generated – Volcanic island arcs generated ...
... – Denser plate is subducted – Deep trenches generated – Volcanic island arcs generated ...
Geologic History of the Earth Geological History
... (2.5 to 0.544 Ga) Stabilization of continental platforms and oxidation of ...
... (2.5 to 0.544 Ga) Stabilization of continental platforms and oxidation of ...
The reflection seismic survey of project TIPTEQ—the inventory of the
... into the continental crust. Currently the thickness of the subducting sediments is 2.2 km at the trench (Rauch 2005), but this is neither expected to be continuous along the entire subduction channel nor through time. The thickness of 2–5 km of the subduction channel we observe onshore is an upper b ...
... into the continental crust. Currently the thickness of the subducting sediments is 2.2 km at the trench (Rauch 2005), but this is neither expected to be continuous along the entire subduction channel nor through time. The thickness of 2–5 km of the subduction channel we observe onshore is an upper b ...
Mountain Building at Divergent Boundaries
... northern Rockies, Himalayas, and Appalachians, thrust faults have displaced rock layers as far as 50 kilometers over adjacent rocks. The result of this large-scale movement is that older rocks end up on top of younger rocks. Normal faults occur due to tensional stresses, and reverse and thrust fault ...
... northern Rockies, Himalayas, and Appalachians, thrust faults have displaced rock layers as far as 50 kilometers over adjacent rocks. The result of this large-scale movement is that older rocks end up on top of younger rocks. Normal faults occur due to tensional stresses, and reverse and thrust fault ...
Factors Affecting Deformation
... northern Rockies, Himalayas, and Appalachians, thrust faults have displaced rock layers as far as 50 kilometers over adjacent rocks. The result of this large-scale movement is that older rocks end up on top of younger rocks. Normal faults occur due to tensional stresses, and reverse and thrust fault ...
... northern Rockies, Himalayas, and Appalachians, thrust faults have displaced rock layers as far as 50 kilometers over adjacent rocks. The result of this large-scale movement is that older rocks end up on top of younger rocks. Normal faults occur due to tensional stresses, and reverse and thrust fault ...
Motion of Bering Plate?
... • To quantify the velocity of the Andreanof Block relative to North America it is necessary to model the subduction related strain ...
... • To quantify the velocity of the Andreanof Block relative to North America it is necessary to model the subduction related strain ...
B. - charlesburrows.com
... Alfred Wegener was one of the first people to suggest that all of the 1. ___________________ were joined together in the past. He called the one large continent 2. ___________________. Evidence exists to support his hypothesis. For example, similar fossils have been found in South America and 3. ___ ...
... Alfred Wegener was one of the first people to suggest that all of the 1. ___________________ were joined together in the past. He called the one large continent 2. ___________________. Evidence exists to support his hypothesis. For example, similar fossils have been found in South America and 3. ___ ...
The Ocean Floor
... The ocean basin floor is the area of the deep-ocean floor between the continental margin and the oceanic ridge. Deep-Ocean Trenches • Trenches form at the sites of plate convergence where one moving plate descends beneath another and plunges back into the mantle. ...
... The ocean basin floor is the area of the deep-ocean floor between the continental margin and the oceanic ridge. Deep-Ocean Trenches • Trenches form at the sites of plate convergence where one moving plate descends beneath another and plunges back into the mantle. ...
Curric.sec 4 8-12
... Measurements of magnetic variations on the ocean floor have provided critical evidence for theories of continental drift and plate tectonics. When magma erupts along oceanic spreading ridges, it has high mineral content, including magnetic minerals, such as iron and magnetite that align with the Ear ...
... Measurements of magnetic variations on the ocean floor have provided critical evidence for theories of continental drift and plate tectonics. When magma erupts along oceanic spreading ridges, it has high mineral content, including magnetic minerals, such as iron and magnetite that align with the Ear ...
PDF
... Neoproterozoic time, but did these related manifestations begin synchronously? The oldest of each are not the same age—the oldest ophiolites, ca. 1.03 Ga, are significantly older than the oldest blueschists, ca. 800 Ma, and these are older than the oldest-known UHP terranes. Such a progression is ex ...
... Neoproterozoic time, but did these related manifestations begin synchronously? The oldest of each are not the same age—the oldest ophiolites, ca. 1.03 Ga, are significantly older than the oldest blueschists, ca. 800 Ma, and these are older than the oldest-known UHP terranes. Such a progression is ex ...
Next-generation plate-tectonic reconstructions using
... Plate tectonics is the kinematic theory that describes the large-scale motions and events of the outermost shell of the solid Earth in terms of the relative motions and interactions of large, rigid, interlocking fragments of lithosphere called tectonic plates. Plates form and disappear incrementally ...
... Plate tectonics is the kinematic theory that describes the large-scale motions and events of the outermost shell of the solid Earth in terms of the relative motions and interactions of large, rigid, interlocking fragments of lithosphere called tectonic plates. Plates form and disappear incrementally ...
heat and convection in the earth
... No seasonal variation of T felt below 20 m: Therefore Sun's effect not felt at depth - here all processes result from internal sources (20 m maximum depth because silicates are poor thermal conductors). The energy reaching the surface of the Earth from within can be measured to get heat flux, q. q = ...
... No seasonal variation of T felt below 20 m: Therefore Sun's effect not felt at depth - here all processes result from internal sources (20 m maximum depth because silicates are poor thermal conductors). The energy reaching the surface of the Earth from within can be measured to get heat flux, q. q = ...
seafloorpapermodel_questions1_7
... About 40 years ago, scientists discovered that there are both age and magnetic patterns in the seafloor. This discovery allowed another piece of the puzzle about plate tectonics to fall into place. What scientists found was that new seafloor has continually been forming over millions of years at the ...
... About 40 years ago, scientists discovered that there are both age and magnetic patterns in the seafloor. This discovery allowed another piece of the puzzle about plate tectonics to fall into place. What scientists found was that new seafloor has continually been forming over millions of years at the ...
1 COOLING OF THE OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE AND OCEAN
... deficit occurs because cold seawater circulates deep into the crust and advects the heat so the temperature gradient will be less than predicted by a purely conductive model. At older ages, the heat flow is higher than expected. This could either be due to a non-zero basal heat flux or an incorrect ...
... deficit occurs because cold seawater circulates deep into the crust and advects the heat so the temperature gradient will be less than predicted by a purely conductive model. At older ages, the heat flow is higher than expected. This could either be due to a non-zero basal heat flux or an incorrect ...
Earth Science SOLs: Essential Understandings, Knowledge and Skills
... Relative plate motions and plate boundaries are convergent (subduction and continental collision), divergent (sea floor spreading), or transform. ...
... Relative plate motions and plate boundaries are convergent (subduction and continental collision), divergent (sea floor spreading), or transform. ...
ExamView - FINAL-Exam-zeroth-version.tst
... 23 Suppose that the arrows in the figure below represent patterns of convection in Earth’s mantle. Which type of plate boundary is most likely to occur along the region labeled “A”? ...
... 23 Suppose that the arrows in the figure below represent patterns of convection in Earth’s mantle. Which type of plate boundary is most likely to occur along the region labeled “A”? ...
Earths Layer Model
... I will ask student about the composition and state of matter of each layer will go in to talking about how the earth is set on plate tectonics Evaluate: Students will be evaluated on their models as well as the quiz. Students models should have the layers in order as well show that the crust is a th ...
... I will ask student about the composition and state of matter of each layer will go in to talking about how the earth is set on plate tectonics Evaluate: Students will be evaluated on their models as well as the quiz. Students models should have the layers in order as well show that the crust is a th ...
1.4b
... What will happen when magma currents continue to diverge? Old oceanic ridges and submarine volcanoes are carried away from the zone of rising magma. The ocean floor is ( shrinking / expanding ) at the zone of divergence. It is called ___________________. sea-floor spreading ...
... What will happen when magma currents continue to diverge? Old oceanic ridges and submarine volcanoes are carried away from the zone of rising magma. The ocean floor is ( shrinking / expanding ) at the zone of divergence. It is called ___________________. sea-floor spreading ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.