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proceedings of the first world conference on cluttering
proceedings of the first world conference on cluttering

... moment of its release is fortunate as it coincides with the opening of the First Online Conference on Cluttering and together can send a signal that the growing interest in cluttering has established itself. We are immensely grateful for the Bulgarian organizers of the FWCC. While many individuals c ...
Effects of PANDAS/PANS on Communication: What SLPs Need to
Effects of PANDAS/PANS on Communication: What SLPs Need to

... Dr. Gerald Maguire, author of the case study entitled “Stuttering onset associated with streptococcal infection: A case suggesting stuttering as PANDAS” in the Annals of Clinical Psychiatry in 2010, stated: “I also need to reach out to [...] the speech-language pathology community because many of th ...
Cluttering: Diagnosis and Therapy Guidelines
Cluttering: Diagnosis and Therapy Guidelines

... Perceptions of cluttering by speech-language pathologists and educators. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 11, 131-149.  St. Louis, K., Hinzman, A., and Hull, F. (1985). Studies of cluttering: Disfluency and language measures in young possible clutterers and stutterers. Journal of Fluency Disorders 10, ...
Acquired Stuttering: Differential Diagnosis
Acquired Stuttering: Differential Diagnosis

31295015076994
31295015076994

... consequently, that learning therapy should be centered squarely on this factor and its associated responses. Both Brutten and Sheehan found that there had been little clinical applications of the scientific methods of learning. Although widely acknowledged by speech pathologists for his research wit ...
Investigating Personality Differences among Stuttering
Investigating Personality Differences among Stuttering

... Stuttering is one of the most common abnormalities in the rhythm of speech. This anomaly exists in all nations and languages (Daliri, et al., 2007). For centuries and maybe for more than two thousand years, stuttering has received attention and many different views has been proposed about its nature ...
Hannan & Reichardt Differential Diagnosis & Treatment for
Hannan & Reichardt Differential Diagnosis & Treatment for

... speech is interrupted by a motorically disrupted sound, syllable, or word or the speaker's reactions thereto. – Stuttering Foundation of America: Stuttering is a communication disorder in which the flow of speech is broken by repetitions (li-li-like this), prolongations (lllllike this), or abnormal ...
1

Stuttering

Stuttering (/ˈstʌtərɪŋ/) or stammering (/ˈstæmərɪŋ/) (more generally the first in US and the second in British usage) (alalia syllabaris, alalia literalis or anarthria literalis) is a speech disorder in which the flow of speech is disrupted by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words or phrases as well as involuntary silent pauses or blocks in which the person who stutters is unable to produce sounds. The term stuttering is most commonly associated with involuntary sound repetition, but it also encompasses the abnormal hesitation or pausing before speech, referred to by people who stutter as blocks, and the prolongation of certain sounds, usually vowels or semivowels. According to Watkins et al. stuttering is a disorder of “selection, initiation, and execution of motor sequences necessary for fluent speech production.” For many people who stutter, repetition is the primary problem. The term ""stuttering"" covers a wide range of severity, encompassing barely perceptible impediments that are largely cosmetic to severe symptoms that effectively prevent oral communication. In the world, approximately four times as many men as women stutter, encompassing 70 million people worldwide. To put that in perspective, about 1% of the world's population stutters.The impact of stuttering on a person's functioning and emotional state can be severe. This may include fears of having to enunciate specific vowels or consonants, fears of being caught stuttering in social situations, self-imposed isolation, anxiety, stress, shame, being a possible target of bullying (especially in children), having to use word substitution and rearrange words in a sentence to hide stuttering, or a feeling of ""loss of control"" during speech. Stuttering is sometimes popularly seen as a symptom of anxiety, but there is actually no direct correlation in that direction (though as mentioned the inverse can be true, as social anxiety may actually develop in individuals as a result of their stuttering).Stuttering is generally not a problem with the physical production of speech sounds or putting thoughts into words. Acute nervousness and stress do not cause stuttering, but they can trigger stuttering in people who have the speech disorder, and living with a highly stigmatized disability can result in anxiety and high allostatic stress load (i.e., chronic nervousness and stress) that reduce the amount of acute stress necessary to trigger stuttering in any given person who stutters, exacerbating the problem in the manner of a positive feedback system; the name 'stuttered speech syndrome' has been proposed for this condition. Neither acute nor chronic stress, however, itself creates any predisposition to stuttering.The disorder is also variable, which means that in certain situations, such as talking on the telephone or in a large group, the stuttering might be more severe or less, depending on whether or not the stutterer is self-conscious about their stuttering. Stutterers often find that their stuttering fluctuates and that they have ""good"" days, ""bad"" days and ""stutter-free"" days. The times in which their stuttering fluctuates can be random. Although the exact etiology, or cause, of stuttering is unknown, both genetics and neurophysiology are thought to contribute. There are many treatments and speech therapy techniques available that may help increase fluency in some people who stutter to the point where an untrained ear cannot identify a problem; however, there is essentially no cure for the disorder at present. The severity of the person's stuttering would correspond to the amount of speech therapy needed to increase fluency. For severe stuttering, long-term therapy and hard work will be required to increase fluency.
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