ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DECISION AID
... Atrial fibrillation is an abnormal heart rhythm during which the upper or filling chambers of the heart beat irregularly. Normally the pacemaker of the heart generates an electrical impulse, which is conducted or carried to the lower or pumping chambers of the heart via the electrical conducting tis ...
... Atrial fibrillation is an abnormal heart rhythm during which the upper or filling chambers of the heart beat irregularly. Normally the pacemaker of the heart generates an electrical impulse, which is conducted or carried to the lower or pumping chambers of the heart via the electrical conducting tis ...
What is heart failure
... THE HEART AND CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. If your valves don't work properly, they don't close (leading to leaking of blood) and/or open completely (making them too narrow) during each heartbeat. Your heart has to work harder to keep enough blood moving in the correct direction and heart failure may d ...
... THE HEART AND CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. If your valves don't work properly, they don't close (leading to leaking of blood) and/or open completely (making them too narrow) during each heartbeat. Your heart has to work harder to keep enough blood moving in the correct direction and heart failure may d ...
Association of Coronary Sinus Diameter with Pulmonary Hypertension
... excellent noninvasive method to detect PH. TTE estimates PASP and provides additional information about causes and consequences of PH. PASP is equivalent to right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in the absence of right ventricular or pulmonary outflow obstruction. RVSP is estimated by measureme ...
... excellent noninvasive method to detect PH. TTE estimates PASP and provides additional information about causes and consequences of PH. PASP is equivalent to right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in the absence of right ventricular or pulmonary outflow obstruction. RVSP is estimated by measureme ...
S2405500X15000973_mmc1 - JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology
... solution [6.9 g NaCl, 350 mg KCl, 370 mg CaCl2(H2O)2, 140 mg MgSO4, 2.09 g NaHCO3, 160 mg NaPO4, 3 nmol/L isoprenaline, 1.09 g glucose per liter solution] and flushed. Retrograde perfusion was not possible due to minimal residual aortic tissue, so the right and left main coronary arteries were perfu ...
... solution [6.9 g NaCl, 350 mg KCl, 370 mg CaCl2(H2O)2, 140 mg MgSO4, 2.09 g NaHCO3, 160 mg NaPO4, 3 nmol/L isoprenaline, 1.09 g glucose per liter solution] and flushed. Retrograde perfusion was not possible due to minimal residual aortic tissue, so the right and left main coronary arteries were perfu ...
Second degree AV block and severely impaired contractility in
... the heart rate slows down is often modest. Here we report the case of a 20 year old male Caucasian with severe overt hypothyroidism. He presented with syncopation due to second degree atrioventricular block type Mobitz 2 and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (38 %). Laboratory testing rev ...
... the heart rate slows down is often modest. Here we report the case of a 20 year old male Caucasian with severe overt hypothyroidism. He presented with syncopation due to second degree atrioventricular block type Mobitz 2 and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (38 %). Laboratory testing rev ...
Electrical Activation Of The Ventricular Myocardium
... conductive cells was obtained. Additionally, no differential excitation between the layers of the myocardium was observed. Although the data from the crocodile ventricular wall suggest that activation is a uniform wall thickness wavefront, the issue is clouded by data collection difficulties. The cr ...
... conductive cells was obtained. Additionally, no differential excitation between the layers of the myocardium was observed. Although the data from the crocodile ventricular wall suggest that activation is a uniform wall thickness wavefront, the issue is clouded by data collection difficulties. The cr ...
PDF - Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
... idiopathic VTs, and the rest 90% occurs in patients with structural heart disease. VTs may be classsified based on the clinical characteristic (clinical VT, hemodynamically stable or unstable, repetitive, incessant, etc.), morphology (monomorphic, multiple morphologies, pleomorphic, polymorphic, bid ...
... idiopathic VTs, and the rest 90% occurs in patients with structural heart disease. VTs may be classsified based on the clinical characteristic (clinical VT, hemodynamically stable or unstable, repetitive, incessant, etc.), morphology (monomorphic, multiple morphologies, pleomorphic, polymorphic, bid ...
Normothermic donor heart perfusion
... the elastic recoil of the native aorta. This serves two purposes: (i) it increases the compliance of the circuit thereby reducing the afterload that the heart has to overcome and (ii) it reduces the closing pressure of the aortic valve thus avoiding its exposure to excess mechanical stress. Beyond t ...
... the elastic recoil of the native aorta. This serves two purposes: (i) it increases the compliance of the circuit thereby reducing the afterload that the heart has to overcome and (ii) it reduces the closing pressure of the aortic valve thus avoiding its exposure to excess mechanical stress. Beyond t ...
Effects of Aging on the Cardiovascular System
... atria dilate and their volume increases with age.24 Although some studies have reported that the mass of the left ventricle increases with age, others have concluded that ventricular mass does not increase with age if subjects with underlying heart disease are excluded.25 However, there is general a ...
... atria dilate and their volume increases with age.24 Although some studies have reported that the mass of the left ventricle increases with age, others have concluded that ventricular mass does not increase with age if subjects with underlying heart disease are excluded.25 However, there is general a ...
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
... Increased rate of spontaneous depolarization in SA node (and AV node) increases heart rate Increased contractility of atria and ventricles increases stroke volume ...
... Increased rate of spontaneous depolarization in SA node (and AV node) increases heart rate Increased contractility of atria and ventricles increases stroke volume ...
Sequence timing optimization in multi-slice diffusion tensor
... normalized circumferential strain and rotation as determined from the tagged data. The region-of- Figure 2: interest for SNR estimation covered the entire myocardial tissue. The time axis was normalized to The myocardial SNR is shown as function of the timing of the peak circumferential strain, whic ...
... normalized circumferential strain and rotation as determined from the tagged data. The region-of- Figure 2: interest for SNR estimation covered the entire myocardial tissue. The time axis was normalized to The myocardial SNR is shown as function of the timing of the peak circumferential strain, whic ...
Oscillatory Ventilation During Exercise in Patients With Chronic
... ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing as part of a comprehensive heart failure evaluation between January 1996 and November 1998. All patients had a history of at least one unequivocal clinical episode of heart failure. All had been receiving sta ...
... ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing as part of a comprehensive heart failure evaluation between January 1996 and November 1998. All patients had a history of at least one unequivocal clinical episode of heart failure. All had been receiving sta ...
Communication Associated with
... of elevated right ventricular pressure in preserving ventricular-coronary artery communications is correct, it would appear that a ventricular septal defect could sufficiently decompress the right ventricle to make this combination of lesions improbable. Kaufman and Anderson2 have collected 10 cases ...
... of elevated right ventricular pressure in preserving ventricular-coronary artery communications is correct, it would appear that a ventricular septal defect could sufficiently decompress the right ventricle to make this combination of lesions improbable. Kaufman and Anderson2 have collected 10 cases ...
Prof. Saeed Abuel Makarem Dr. Jamila El Medany
... by a median muscular ridge, the primordial interventricular septum. • It is a thick crescen/c fold ...
... by a median muscular ridge, the primordial interventricular septum. • It is a thick crescen/c fold ...
Heart Rate Variability in Psychiatric Disorders
... (HRV) can give a valuable window into the ANS function being implicated in various medical diseases. But HRV analysis is not well established although psychiatric research findings have shown considerable association of psychopathology with cardiovascular comorbidity. In this review, we introduce th ...
... (HRV) can give a valuable window into the ANS function being implicated in various medical diseases. But HRV analysis is not well established although psychiatric research findings have shown considerable association of psychopathology with cardiovascular comorbidity. In this review, we introduce th ...
Case Report - Departamentos e GEs
... In patients with TOF, the degree of hypoxemia and occurrence of hypoxemic spells depend on the severity of RVOT obstruction (infundibular and valvar stenosis) and the size of pulmonary arteries. Neonatal intervention is unnecessary in the majority of patients but the obstruction tends to evolve with ...
... In patients with TOF, the degree of hypoxemia and occurrence of hypoxemic spells depend on the severity of RVOT obstruction (infundibular and valvar stenosis) and the size of pulmonary arteries. Neonatal intervention is unnecessary in the majority of patients but the obstruction tends to evolve with ...
Cardiac resynchronization therapy in the elderly: A realistic
... A recently published subgroup analysis by age of the MIRACLE and MIRACLE-ICD trials showed that elderly patients who receive CRT have comparable improvement in NYHA class and LVEF as younger patients [13]. Equivalent benefits of CRT were also noted in observational studies comparing elderly with youn ...
... A recently published subgroup analysis by age of the MIRACLE and MIRACLE-ICD trials showed that elderly patients who receive CRT have comparable improvement in NYHA class and LVEF as younger patients [13]. Equivalent benefits of CRT were also noted in observational studies comparing elderly with youn ...
PE888 Supraventricular Tachycardia
... cause a fast and irregular heart rhythm in the ventricles called ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation caused by an accessory connection is very rare but can be dangerous and life threatening. Your child’s cardiologist (a doctor who treats people with heart problems) will be able to tel ...
... cause a fast and irregular heart rhythm in the ventricles called ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation caused by an accessory connection is very rare but can be dangerous and life threatening. Your child’s cardiologist (a doctor who treats people with heart problems) will be able to tel ...
What is a ‘‘normal’’ right ventricle? Kovalova , *
... ventricular EF to the age. We did not observe any correlation of EF with patient’s age for either ventricle, although some authors declare slight tendency of decline of EF with age,17 others do not.18 Afterload is another potential factor influencing RV EF. Some authors showed decrease in RV EF unde ...
... ventricular EF to the age. We did not observe any correlation of EF with patient’s age for either ventricle, although some authors declare slight tendency of decline of EF with age,17 others do not.18 Afterload is another potential factor influencing RV EF. Some authors showed decrease in RV EF unde ...
Left ventricle
... Pathway of Blood Through the Heart • Equal volumes of blood pumped to pulmonary and systemic circuits • Pulmonary circuit short, low-pressure circulation • Systemic circuit long, high-friction circulation • Anatomy of ventricles reflects differences – Left ventricle walls 3X thicker than right • Pu ...
... Pathway of Blood Through the Heart • Equal volumes of blood pumped to pulmonary and systemic circuits • Pulmonary circuit short, low-pressure circulation • Systemic circuit long, high-friction circulation • Anatomy of ventricles reflects differences – Left ventricle walls 3X thicker than right • Pu ...
Continuous positive airway pressure decreases myocardial oxygen
... decrease in the work of breathing and consequently blood flow to respiratory muscles. Our present study also documented a rise in PCWP. This finding has also been made previously in CHF and control subjects [10]. It should be noted that the measurement of the PCWP in the context of CPAP is confounde ...
... decrease in the work of breathing and consequently blood flow to respiratory muscles. Our present study also documented a rise in PCWP. This finding has also been made previously in CHF and control subjects [10]. It should be noted that the measurement of the PCWP in the context of CPAP is confounde ...
The Cardiovascular System in American Sign Language and English
... Your heart has several special properties. First of all think of its job. It never gets a break, never gets a fifteen-minute time out, it beats from development embryologically until death. The heart is the only location in the body where we find cardiac muscle cells. These cells are extremely durab ...
... Your heart has several special properties. First of all think of its job. It never gets a break, never gets a fifteen-minute time out, it beats from development embryologically until death. The heart is the only location in the body where we find cardiac muscle cells. These cells are extremely durab ...
The Non Invasive Assessment of Risk of Sudden Death
... reentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) (7, 8). The purpose of the SAECG is to detect late potentials, which represent low amplitude, high frequency electrical activity that occurs in the terminal portion of the QRS. Late potentials are felt to be caused ...
... reentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) (7, 8). The purpose of the SAECG is to detect late potentials, which represent low amplitude, high frequency electrical activity that occurs in the terminal portion of the QRS. Late potentials are felt to be caused ...
Management of Arrhythmias in Heart Failure
... none is so closely involved in arrhythmogenesis as calcium homeostasis. The calcium channel L-type voltage-dependent are the main source of calcium influx into myocardial cells and are responsible for its release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These channels have a decreased function in patients w ...
... none is so closely involved in arrhythmogenesis as calcium homeostasis. The calcium channel L-type voltage-dependent are the main source of calcium influx into myocardial cells and are responsible for its release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These channels have a decreased function in patients w ...
The Diastolic Murmur - STA HealthCare Communications
... expansion of the carotid arteries. This is represented as the initial slope of the ejection phase of the cardiac cycle (Figure 2). The best technique to discern this slope is to apply firm pressure with your left thumb over the patient’s right carotid pulse. Locate the pulse just medial to the stern ...
... expansion of the carotid arteries. This is represented as the initial slope of the ejection phase of the cardiac cycle (Figure 2). The best technique to discern this slope is to apply firm pressure with your left thumb over the patient’s right carotid pulse. Locate the pulse just medial to the stern ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.