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Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn

... monitoring pulmonary artery pressures. Today this is not recommended because it is traumatic to the baby and it is no longer needed to make a diagnosis. ...
Hypertension - VCU Student Affairs
Hypertension - VCU Student Affairs

... Blood pressure readings of 140/90 or higher are concerning for high blood pressure.  Both numbers do not have to be elevated in order to have high blood pressure.  Because fluctuations in blood pressure are normal, you should have 3-6 abnormal readings on at least 2 different days before being dia ...
Comparative cardiovascular physiology and
Comparative cardiovascular physiology and

... and females have larger HW and BW than the other breeds. On the other hand, Göttingen males had the highest heart weight to body weight ratio (HW:BW), yet females had the smallest. Other than the Göttingen females, the Hanford breed as a whole had the smallest HW:BW. When the data from the 3- to 9 ...
Cardiovascular Disease - McGraw Hill Higher Education
Cardiovascular Disease - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... © 2012 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. ...
Heart Conditions - Children`s Health Center
Heart Conditions - Children`s Health Center

... the heart, and abnormal heart rhythms called arrhythmias may occur. These heart problems typically resolve in five to six weeks but can be life-long in some individuals. Treatment can include aspirin to reduce fever and inflammation, and intravenous gamma globulin can be given early in the disease t ...
Men with Poor Left Ventricular Function Have Lower Levels of
Men with Poor Left Ventricular Function Have Lower Levels of

... The difference in hormone levels between Groups A and B was not significant for TT (p4.121) or BT @=O.llI). Conclusion: Men with heart failure due to LVD have lower testosterone levels than men with normal left ventricular function. However, in men with heart failure from VHD who have preserved vent ...
case report - journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences
case report - journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences

... shock, amniotic fluid embolism, and anesthesia-associated respiratory arrest were possible but not fully consistent with this patient’s overall clinical condition during and after childbirth. (12) Obstetricians should be aware of PPCM, an uncommon but life-threatening condition. Once suspected the d ...
Print this article - Sudan Heart Journal
Print this article - Sudan Heart Journal

... of patients (13). Another study involving 40 Iranian patients conducted at Tehran Heart Center with LBBB and chest pain showed 75% incidence of significant CAD on angiography (14). Other studies from Western countries show varying rates from 44% to 54% (11)( 15). Such varying figures probably reflec ...
slides
slides

... • Restricting therapy to those with ULTRA hypertension (>160 mmHg) versus those with Moderate (140-160mmHg) is indefensible – A 20 mmHg reduction of bp generates same benefit for a patient with ultra and with moderate ...
Aging-Related Changes of the Cardiovascular System
Aging-Related Changes of the Cardiovascular System

... During the aging process, large arteries stiffening can be due to a in endothelial function reduction, which normally opposes contraction of the underlying smooth muscle vasculatureand nitric oxide (NO) reduction, such reduction is thought to be mainly the result of an increase in oxidative stress a ...
II. Coronary Heart Disease in the Framingham Study
II. Coronary Heart Disease in the Framingham Study

... of coronary heart disease including: (1) those subjects from whom a history suggestive of myocardial infarction was obtained, but without any supporting laboratory or clinical evidence, and (2) those subjects from whom a history suggestive of angina pectoris was obtained, in which the two observers ...
Change in Growth Differentiation Factor 15
Change in Growth Differentiation Factor 15

... Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)3 is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-␤ cytokine superfamily. GDF-15 is secreted at low concentrations from most tissues but may be overexpressed in cardiomyocytes and various vascular cell types under stressful conditions (1 ). Several re ...
Aortic and Mitral Annular Calcifications Are
Aortic and Mitral Annular Calcifications Are

... patients with AVS were approximately four times more likely to develop incident coronary heart events than were those without AVS among the 2,279 middleaged African American participants of the Jackson Atherosclerosis Risk in Community cohort (6), whereas AVS was found to be independently associated ...
Assessment of Cardiac Function * Am I that Different?
Assessment of Cardiac Function * Am I that Different?

... is the strongest predictor of postop survival Average annual ACHD surgical volume 2000-2008 ...
The Pharmacists` Role in Treating Hypertension
The Pharmacists` Role in Treating Hypertension

... 1. Enhance your understanding of hypertension to include cardiovascular risks, management, and goals for individual patients 2. Review and discuss the current pharmacotherapy standards of care for hypertension ...
PATHOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
PATHOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

... The myocardium is composed of cardiac muscle, (myocytes) similar to skeletal muscle, and therefore responds to injury much like skeletal muscle and vice versa. Cardiac muscle has a greater liability because of its continual activity and dependence on aerobic glycolysis. The papillary muscles of the ...
Pathophysiologic consideration in patients with congenital
Pathophysiologic consideration in patients with congenital

... Adrenergic system changes Activation of B receptors Renal system compansation *Salt & water retention *Renin secretion ...
Cardiac Cath and Angiocardiography
Cardiac Cath and Angiocardiography

... Cath of the RT side of the heart: ADULTS • Pressure measurements – Used to determine valvular heart disease – Congestive heart failure – Pulmonary hypertension – Cardiomyopathies ...
Use of the Thyroid Hormone Analogue Eprotirome in Statin
Use of the Thyroid Hormone Analogue Eprotirome in Statin

... • Analysis based on absolute change in LDL cholesterol levels between baseline and week ...
CARDIOVASCULAR UPDATE
CARDIOVASCULAR UPDATE

... not well tolerated by many in the long term. The Atkins diet is at the opposite extreme with high fat and protein intake and carbohydrate restriction. This diet, like the Ornish diet, has no caloric restriction. The weight loss early in the Atkins diet is caused by water loss and ketosis, with resul ...
Review of 2014 ACC/AHA Guidelines and Implications for Clinical
Review of 2014 ACC/AHA Guidelines and Implications for Clinical

... – Class IIa: Weight of evidence/opinion is in favor of usefulness/efficacy. – Class IIb: Usefulness/efficacy is less well established by evidence/opinion. ...
course brochure - Cardiovascular Medicine 2015
course brochure - Cardiovascular Medicine 2015

... On behalf of Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, for the first time in two years, I invite you to attend our special clinical conference: Cardiovascular Medicine 2015: Updates for Practitioners. ...
Cardiovascular Effects of Dietary Modification in Early Canine
Cardiovascular Effects of Dietary Modification in Early Canine

... The purpose of this study was to assess the cardiovascular effects of a moderately reduced sodium diet enriched with n-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, B vitamins, and certain amino acids (cardiac diet) in dogs with chronic valvular disease (CVD). Dogs with CVD, classified in either International Small ...
Effect of exercise training in essential arterial hypertension
Effect of exercise training in essential arterial hypertension

... in peripheral vascular resistance15. A decrease in sympathetic efferent activity in the vessels surely plays a fundamental role regarding the heart, as does an increase in efferent vagal activity. It has long been recognized that an increase in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity is of major i ...
Quick - TOPS Club, Inc.
Quick - TOPS Club, Inc.

... to boost memory in most studies. In the latest, 1,500 people aged 72 to 96 who took 240 milligrams of ginkgo every day for six years had no better memory, attention, or any other measure of thinking ability than 1,500 similar people who took a placebo. On the other hand, people who exercise, avoid w ...
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Cardiovascular disease



Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.
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