The Trouble with Cosmological Magnetic Fields
... Can such large scale fields be generated at late time in (proto-)galaxies or quasars and then be ’spilled out’ into intergalactic space? Or are primordial fields needed which then are amplified by contraction and dynamo action to the fields observed in galaxies and clusters? In this latter case fiel ...
... Can such large scale fields be generated at late time in (proto-)galaxies or quasars and then be ’spilled out’ into intergalactic space? Or are primordial fields needed which then are amplified by contraction and dynamo action to the fields observed in galaxies and clusters? In this latter case fiel ...
Feynman Cylinder Paradox 1 Problem 2 Solution
... 53, 495 (1985), http://physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EM/bahder_ajp_53_495_85.pdf [9] T.-C.E. Ma, Field angular momentum in Feynman’s disk paradox, Am. J. Phys. 54, 949 (1986), http://physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EM/ma_ajp_54_949_86.pdf [10] N.L. Sharma, Field versus action at ...
... 53, 495 (1985), http://physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EM/bahder_ajp_53_495_85.pdf [9] T.-C.E. Ma, Field angular momentum in Feynman’s disk paradox, Am. J. Phys. 54, 949 (1986), http://physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EM/ma_ajp_54_949_86.pdf [10] N.L. Sharma, Field versus action at ...
Classical Quantum Mechanics (CQM)
... Positron Collider II). The nature of the wave-function needs to be addressed. It is time for the physical rather than the mathematical nature of the wave-function to be determined. From the time of its inception, QM has been controversial because its foundations are in conflict with physical laws a ...
... Positron Collider II). The nature of the wave-function needs to be addressed. It is time for the physical rather than the mathematical nature of the wave-function to be determined. From the time of its inception, QM has been controversial because its foundations are in conflict with physical laws a ...
High Energy Astrophysics T. J.
... escape velocity is of 11 km/s. When one isotropises this velocity, one obtains temperatures of the order of 5000 K with this typical velocity. Indeed were the atmosphere temperature of that order, it would evaporate. Around a neutron star, the typical velocities associated with the gravitational fie ...
... escape velocity is of 11 km/s. When one isotropises this velocity, one obtains temperatures of the order of 5000 K with this typical velocity. Indeed were the atmosphere temperature of that order, it would evaporate. Around a neutron star, the typical velocities associated with the gravitational fie ...
Nonlinear shear-current dynamo and magnetic helicity transport in
... Note that Ruderman and Ruzmaikin (1984) formally constructed an example of an exponentially growing magnetic field in a fluid with shear and a homogeneous anisotropic magnetic diffusivity. An essential condition for generation is that the vector defining the anisotropy in this phenomenological model ...
... Note that Ruderman and Ruzmaikin (1984) formally constructed an example of an exponentially growing magnetic field in a fluid with shear and a homogeneous anisotropic magnetic diffusivity. An essential condition for generation is that the vector defining the anisotropy in this phenomenological model ...
Evolution of magnetic helicity in the course of kinetic magnetic
... condition is fulfilled in the 2D concept of magnetic merging (Vasyliūnas, 1975). Reconnection (or magnetic merging) was described there as a plasma flow across a separatrix separating regions of different magnetic topology. This implies an electric field perpendicular to the reconnection plane and ...
... condition is fulfilled in the 2D concept of magnetic merging (Vasyliūnas, 1975). Reconnection (or magnetic merging) was described there as a plasma flow across a separatrix separating regions of different magnetic topology. This implies an electric field perpendicular to the reconnection plane and ...
- EPJ Web of Conferences
... where kB and are the Boltzmann constant and the reduced mass respectively. Chemical reactivity can therefore be studied experimentally using several approaches. To obtain thermal averages, experiments are most often conducted in flow tubes or uniform supersonic flows at a density sufficient to ens ...
... where kB and are the Boltzmann constant and the reduced mass respectively. Chemical reactivity can therefore be studied experimentally using several approaches. To obtain thermal averages, experiments are most often conducted in flow tubes or uniform supersonic flows at a density sufficient to ens ...
Estimation of picked-up lunar ions for future compositional remote SIMS
... and asteroids maintain thin and sometimes transient atmospheres. Of these bodies, the Moon and its atmosphere have been the most extensively investigated, and the findings are thought to be the cornerstone on which to build studies of the other celestial bodies. The lunar atmosphere is called ‘surfa ...
... and asteroids maintain thin and sometimes transient atmospheres. Of these bodies, the Moon and its atmosphere have been the most extensively investigated, and the findings are thought to be the cornerstone on which to build studies of the other celestial bodies. The lunar atmosphere is called ‘surfa ...
bob_neutrino_EPS04
... problem. Neutrino interactions with matter are usually considered as non self-consistent single particle processes. We describe neutrino streaming instabilities within supernovæ plasmas, resulting in longitudinal and transverse waves using coupled kinetic equations for both neutrinos and plasma part ...
... problem. Neutrino interactions with matter are usually considered as non self-consistent single particle processes. We describe neutrino streaming instabilities within supernovæ plasmas, resulting in longitudinal and transverse waves using coupled kinetic equations for both neutrinos and plasma part ...
Magnetic fluctuations and formation of large-scale inhomogeneous magnetic structures
... Turbulence may form inhomogeneous large-scale magnetic fields due to turbulent diamagnetic and paramagnetic effects 共see, e.g., 关3,24–28兴兲. Inhomogeneous velocity fluctuations lead to a transport of mean magnetic flux from regions with a high intensity of velocity fluctuations. Inhomogeneous magneti ...
... Turbulence may form inhomogeneous large-scale magnetic fields due to turbulent diamagnetic and paramagnetic effects 共see, e.g., 关3,24–28兴兲. Inhomogeneous velocity fluctuations lead to a transport of mean magnetic flux from regions with a high intensity of velocity fluctuations. Inhomogeneous magneti ...
Spatial distribution of electron cloud footprints
... detectors with charge-division readouts often requires optimization of the event charge footprint to achieve high spatial resolution and good image linearity. The best performance of many readout schemes is obtained when the charge cloud is spread out in the plane of the anode, so that several pitch ...
... detectors with charge-division readouts often requires optimization of the event charge footprint to achieve high spatial resolution and good image linearity. The best performance of many readout schemes is obtained when the charge cloud is spread out in the plane of the anode, so that several pitch ...
Observations of ubiquitous compressive waves in the Sun`s
... field is much longer than the plasma flows that generate the visible structuring. Waves may be present in the atmosphere even when the magnetic field is not outlined by an intensity enhancement; however, they are far more difficult to identify directly. These intensity enhancements suggest a greater ...
... field is much longer than the plasma flows that generate the visible structuring. Waves may be present in the atmosphere even when the magnetic field is not outlined by an intensity enhancement; however, they are far more difficult to identify directly. These intensity enhancements suggest a greater ...
STELLAR ABLATION OF PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES
... is an important region of the inner magnetosphere that was discovered early in the space age [Carpenter, 1963; Carpenter et al., 1993]. Recent advances in imaging of space plasmas have shown that the plasmasphere is a dynamic participant in magnetospheric plasma circulation, producing global-scale d ...
... is an important region of the inner magnetosphere that was discovered early in the space age [Carpenter, 1963; Carpenter et al., 1993]. Recent advances in imaging of space plasmas have shown that the plasmasphere is a dynamic participant in magnetospheric plasma circulation, producing global-scale d ...
Current status of turbulent dynamo theory
... would be comparable with their life time, but the Sun’s convection zone is turbulent, and the turbulent decay time is much shorter, just enough to explain the 22 year activity cycle of the Sun’s magnetic field. Similar arguments also apply to galaxies, which are also turbulent and have a thickness s ...
... would be comparable with their life time, but the Sun’s convection zone is turbulent, and the turbulent decay time is much shorter, just enough to explain the 22 year activity cycle of the Sun’s magnetic field. Similar arguments also apply to galaxies, which are also turbulent and have a thickness s ...
Full Paper - PDF - Armagh Observatory
... of Ap stars (based on a small magnitude-limited sample observed by Borra & Landstreet 1980) is only about 300 G (the largest rms field they report is only 710 G). This implies that most Ap stars have relatively weak (< ∼ 1 kG) magnetic fields, and that the available observations are strongly biased ...
... of Ap stars (based on a small magnitude-limited sample observed by Borra & Landstreet 1980) is only about 300 G (the largest rms field they report is only 710 G). This implies that most Ap stars have relatively weak (< ∼ 1 kG) magnetic fields, and that the available observations are strongly biased ...
The Negative Ion of Hydrogen A. R. P. Rau
... The astrophysical importance of the existence of a weakly bound H– was first recorded in the literature by Wildt (1939, 1941). The abundant presence of both hydrogen and low energy electrons in the ionized atmospheres of the Sun and other stars argues for the formation of H– by electron attachment. ...
... The astrophysical importance of the existence of a weakly bound H– was first recorded in the literature by Wildt (1939, 1941). The abundant presence of both hydrogen and low energy electrons in the ionized atmospheres of the Sun and other stars argues for the formation of H– by electron attachment. ...
Decay and Amplification of Magnetic Fields
... class of such objects. Reconstruction of their surface magnetic field distribution suggests almost invariably that the fields are dominated by a large-scale dipole-like component, as one would have expected from the preceding discussion if the observed magnetic fields have been diffusively decaying ...
... class of such objects. Reconstruction of their surface magnetic field distribution suggests almost invariably that the fields are dominated by a large-scale dipole-like component, as one would have expected from the preceding discussion if the observed magnetic fields have been diffusively decaying ...
THE SPACE WEATHER OF PROXIMA CENTAURI b
... Centauri (∼83 days; Kiraga & Stepien 2007) renders rotationbased Doppler shifts well below the resolution limit, and no surface magnetic field maps are currently available. We therefore use the ZDI map of GJ51 (Morin et al. 2010), an M dwarf of similar spectral type (M5) to Proxima. The difference i ...
... Centauri (∼83 days; Kiraga & Stepien 2007) renders rotationbased Doppler shifts well below the resolution limit, and no surface magnetic field maps are currently available. We therefore use the ZDI map of GJ51 (Morin et al. 2010), an M dwarf of similar spectral type (M5) to Proxima. The difference i ...
Accretion to Stars with Non
... the accreting matter in the case of a multipolar field derived from observations. Donati et al. (2006) developed a simplified stationary model for such accretion. von Rekowski and Brandenburg (2006) performed axisymmetric simulations of the disc-magnetosphere interaction in case when magnetic field ...
... the accreting matter in the case of a multipolar field derived from observations. Donati et al. (2006) developed a simplified stationary model for such accretion. von Rekowski and Brandenburg (2006) performed axisymmetric simulations of the disc-magnetosphere interaction in case when magnetic field ...
No Slide Title
... one of the other neutrino “flavours” – Neutrino matter oscillations – electron neutrinos get converted to muon or tau neutrinos and these could not be detected by the early neutrino detectors! ...
... one of the other neutrino “flavours” – Neutrino matter oscillations – electron neutrinos get converted to muon or tau neutrinos and these could not be detected by the early neutrino detectors! ...
Magnetic collapse of a neutron gas: Can magnetars
... case is dependent also on B. Observe that Ω = F − G. In the zero field case, it would be Ω = −P , where P is the isotropic pressure. Due to the spatial anisotropy introduced by the magnetic field B, the pressures are not the same in all directions, and only in the direction parallel to B it acquires t ...
... case is dependent also on B. Observe that Ω = F − G. In the zero field case, it would be Ω = −P , where P is the isotropic pressure. Due to the spatial anisotropy introduced by the magnetic field B, the pressures are not the same in all directions, and only in the direction parallel to B it acquires t ...
Response of equatorial-low latitude ionosphere
... such that, as viewed from the north pole, the rotational sense of the current is clockwise on the morning side and is anticlockwise on the afternoon side. As per this scenario, the small positive pulse that precedes the main field decrease of si- near the dayside dip equator can be understood as in ...
... such that, as viewed from the north pole, the rotational sense of the current is clockwise on the morning side and is anticlockwise on the afternoon side. As per this scenario, the small positive pulse that precedes the main field decrease of si- near the dayside dip equator can be understood as in ...
Absence of the strahl during times of slow wind
... Abstract. It is not uncommon during periods when the solar wind speed is less than 425 km s−1 to observe near 1 AU no evidence of a strahl population in either the electron solar wind or within the foreshock. Estimating the fluid flow within each energy step returned from the Plasma Electron And Cur ...
... Abstract. It is not uncommon during periods when the solar wind speed is less than 425 km s−1 to observe near 1 AU no evidence of a strahl population in either the electron solar wind or within the foreshock. Estimating the fluid flow within each energy step returned from the Plasma Electron And Cur ...
Mean–field dynamo theory: early ideas and today`s problems
... first time in 1935. Devices of that kind were later used for several purposes in medicine. An important achievement in this context was his discovery of a configuration of the magnetic field in the betatron which ensures stable paths of the electrons. One of the remarkable activities of Max Steenbec ...
... first time in 1935. Devices of that kind were later used for several purposes in medicine. An important achievement in this context was his discovery of a configuration of the magnetic field in the betatron which ensures stable paths of the electrons. One of the remarkable activities of Max Steenbec ...
Studies of an inductively coupled negative hydrogen ion radio
... Tritium is not a stable isotope and therefore it is not obtained in large quantity in nature. Tritium is created inside the reactor when energetic neutrons (n) hit the Lithium blanket of the fusion device. n + Li 6 → He 4 + T + 4.8MeV ...
... Tritium is not a stable isotope and therefore it is not obtained in large quantity in nature. Tritium is created inside the reactor when energetic neutrons (n) hit the Lithium blanket of the fusion device. n + Li 6 → He 4 + T + 4.8MeV ...
Polywell
The polywell is a type of nuclear fusion reactor that uses an electric field to heat ions to fusion conditions. It is closely related to the magnetic mirror, the fusor, the biconic cusp and the high beta fusion reactor. A set of electromagnets generates a magnetic field which traps electrons. This creates a negative voltage, which attracts positive ions. As the ions accelerate towards the negative center, their kinetic energy rises. If the ions collide in the center, they can fuse.The polywell is one of many devices that use an electric field to heat ions to fusion conditions. This branch of fusion research is known as inertial electrostatic confinement. The polywell was developed by Robert Bussard, as an improvement over the fusor. His company, EMC2, Inc., developed the initial devices for the U.S. Navy.