Level 1 Evolution Review Guide
... – describe the organism, the traits selected, and why. Know the background about Darwin’s voyage and why his ideas were so controversial in his time. Be familiar with how Malthus and Lyell influenced Darwin’s theory of natural selection, and what finally motivated Darwin to publish his book. B ...
... – describe the organism, the traits selected, and why. Know the background about Darwin’s voyage and why his ideas were so controversial in his time. Be familiar with how Malthus and Lyell influenced Darwin’s theory of natural selection, and what finally motivated Darwin to publish his book. B ...
Lecture 6
... This is a very hotly debated issue. • They have rather come up with whole range (about 15) of species concepts • In this lecture I will talk about 7 of them. ...
... This is a very hotly debated issue. • They have rather come up with whole range (about 15) of species concepts • In this lecture I will talk about 7 of them. ...
In a cell, (nuclear) DNA is enclosed in the nucleus. Division of the
... desired trait. It supports natural selection—that only traits that the environment selects for will be passed on. 51. We say evolution acts on the population, but what about pesticide resistance? Is that an example of an individual insect evolving? Explain. It does not support the evolution of an in ...
... desired trait. It supports natural selection—that only traits that the environment selects for will be passed on. 51. We say evolution acts on the population, but what about pesticide resistance? Is that an example of an individual insect evolving? Explain. It does not support the evolution of an in ...
Lecture 2
... Change in chromosome number of less than an entire genome. Change in genotype other than by recombination. Change in genotype solely by chance effects. Evolution at the population level; change in allele frequencies over generations. Evolution of chromosome number which is a multiple of some ancestr ...
... Change in chromosome number of less than an entire genome. Change in genotype other than by recombination. Change in genotype solely by chance effects. Evolution at the population level; change in allele frequencies over generations. Evolution of chromosome number which is a multiple of some ancestr ...
ALE 2A. Explanations of Evolution
... Theme #7. The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life. ...
... Theme #7. The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life. ...
Unit 2 Practice Test (Chapters 3 and 4)
... (4) cross species A and a fungus to stimulate the synthesis of this protein 3. A species that lacks the variation necessary to adapt to a changing environment is more likely to (1) develop many mutated cells (2) become extinct over time (3) begin to reproduce sexually (4) develop resistance to disea ...
... (4) cross species A and a fungus to stimulate the synthesis of this protein 3. A species that lacks the variation necessary to adapt to a changing environment is more likely to (1) develop many mutated cells (2) become extinct over time (3) begin to reproduce sexually (4) develop resistance to disea ...
Mutation, Selection, Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, and Nonrandom
... Because of mutation, different forms of a gene, or alleles, may exist at a locus. Gene pool—sum of all copies of all alleles at all loci in a population Allele frequency—proportion of each allele in the gene pool ...
... Because of mutation, different forms of a gene, or alleles, may exist at a locus. Gene pool—sum of all copies of all alleles at all loci in a population Allele frequency—proportion of each allele in the gene pool ...
No Slide Title
... • In Darwin’s time, only one person had figured out how inheritance works • Mendel’s work was not widely known • Darwin knew less about the mechanisms of genetics than you do! • This gap caused difficulties for understanding Evolution by N.S. • In particular, if you assume blending inheritance, N.S. ...
... • In Darwin’s time, only one person had figured out how inheritance works • Mendel’s work was not widely known • Darwin knew less about the mechanisms of genetics than you do! • This gap caused difficulties for understanding Evolution by N.S. • In particular, if you assume blending inheritance, N.S. ...
File
... Theory based on observations and deductions Observation Organisms produce more offspring than are needed to replace parents ...
... Theory based on observations and deductions Observation Organisms produce more offspring than are needed to replace parents ...
Ch 24 - LPS.org
... • Evolutionary theory must explain how new species originate and how populations evolve • Microevolution consists of adaptations that evolve within a population, confined to one gene pool • Macroevolution refers to evolutionary change above the species level ...
... • Evolutionary theory must explain how new species originate and how populations evolve • Microevolution consists of adaptations that evolve within a population, confined to one gene pool • Macroevolution refers to evolutionary change above the species level ...
The Origin of Species The Making of a Theory
... Student answers will vary. Some students may remember the finger bones being referred to as imperfections or vestigial structures. The best answer should suggest that these structures made it clear to Wallace that every species is a modified form of an older species. 10. (Key Concept C) Which observ ...
... Student answers will vary. Some students may remember the finger bones being referred to as imperfections or vestigial structures. The best answer should suggest that these structures made it clear to Wallace that every species is a modified form of an older species. 10. (Key Concept C) Which observ ...
How do Populations Evolve
... is born with a mutation that gives it an extra thick coat in an arctic (cold) environment, that bear will be able to use more of its food energy for reproduction and growth than for keeping warm. This bear will then survive and reproduce more offspring with thick fur like itself. Over time, the popu ...
... is born with a mutation that gives it an extra thick coat in an arctic (cold) environment, that bear will be able to use more of its food energy for reproduction and growth than for keeping warm. This bear will then survive and reproduce more offspring with thick fur like itself. Over time, the popu ...
TRUE FALSE 1. It is important to make the right choice between
... 3. This is TRUE. Crossover, which is a very efficient operator, is only carried out with a certain probability (the crossover probability), to avoid premature convergence; see p. 53 and pp. 68-69. In cases where crossover is not carried out, the two selected individuals are subjected only to mutatio ...
... 3. This is TRUE. Crossover, which is a very efficient operator, is only carried out with a certain probability (the crossover probability), to avoid premature convergence; see p. 53 and pp. 68-69. In cases where crossover is not carried out, the two selected individuals are subjected only to mutatio ...
evidence of evolution
... 5. natural selection 6. __________________________________ (can result from reproductive isolation) ...
... 5. natural selection 6. __________________________________ (can result from reproductive isolation) ...
FW 491 – Online Ecological Module
... Medium-sized (2 feet tall), black and white Angular head and tiny bill White eyering Longest feather on body is the tail ...
... Medium-sized (2 feet tall), black and white Angular head and tiny bill White eyering Longest feather on body is the tail ...
Patterns of Evolution
... different and distinctive. This is a common example of microevolution—changes in size, shape, and color—or minor genetic alterations. It is not macroevolution: an upward, beneficial increase in complexity. ...
... different and distinctive. This is a common example of microevolution—changes in size, shape, and color—or minor genetic alterations. It is not macroevolution: an upward, beneficial increase in complexity. ...
Biol-1406_Ch14.ppt
... population differ from one another in many respects – Variations arise purely by chance resulting from random mutations in DNA – Differences are obvious in many physical characteristics and extend to molecular level ...
... population differ from one another in many respects – Variations arise purely by chance resulting from random mutations in DNA – Differences are obvious in many physical characteristics and extend to molecular level ...
Non-constancy of species - American University of Beirut
... 1. Non-constancy of species; “descent with modification”; world is not static but evolving; living things, as reflected in the fossil record, change over time. Concept dates back to ancient Greek philosopher Anaxiamander (611-547 B.C.) and the Roman philosopher Lucretius (99-55 B.C.), who had sugg ...
... 1. Non-constancy of species; “descent with modification”; world is not static but evolving; living things, as reflected in the fossil record, change over time. Concept dates back to ancient Greek philosopher Anaxiamander (611-547 B.C.) and the Roman philosopher Lucretius (99-55 B.C.), who had sugg ...
Evolution Unit
... • However, this did not explain the fossil record that showed very different organisms living in areas in the past. ...
... • However, this did not explain the fossil record that showed very different organisms living in areas in the past. ...
Classification and phylogeny – Chapter 2
... • Average rate of base pair substitutions in a lineage can be estimated if there is an absolute time of divergence – 310 base pair changes on the lineage from Old World Monkeys (Cercopithecidae) and Homo – Oldest fossils of Cercopithidae are dated at 25 mya • Average rate for Rhesus monkey lineage = ...
... • Average rate of base pair substitutions in a lineage can be estimated if there is an absolute time of divergence – 310 base pair changes on the lineage from Old World Monkeys (Cercopithecidae) and Homo – Oldest fossils of Cercopithidae are dated at 25 mya • Average rate for Rhesus monkey lineage = ...
Letter from Lamarck
... characteristics could be inherited [DN: see note 1]. In fact, like all biologists of our time, and even earlier, we absorbed this idea from our predecessors. I am amused that an idea for which I was not the inventor should have become so strongly associated with my name. I may be a ‘demented gloatin ...
... characteristics could be inherited [DN: see note 1]. In fact, like all biologists of our time, and even earlier, we absorbed this idea from our predecessors. I am amused that an idea for which I was not the inventor should have become so strongly associated with my name. I may be a ‘demented gloatin ...
A1983RC02000002
... as to be effectively neutral. Such genes determine phenotypic variation, and may bring about adaptation, by their massed effects, while tboir individual fates are subject only to mutation and drift. The neutral theory is now part of the accepted framework of evolutionary genetics.” (lack L. King die ...
... as to be effectively neutral. Such genes determine phenotypic variation, and may bring about adaptation, by their massed effects, while tboir individual fates are subject only to mutation and drift. The neutral theory is now part of the accepted framework of evolutionary genetics.” (lack L. King die ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.