Exercise 5 Bivalve Anatomy II: Crassostrea virginica, Argopecten
... In some species there is a preponderance of males in smaller animals indicating that either males develop sexually before females or that some animals develop as males first and then change to females as they become larger. In some species, e.g. the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, the animal ma ...
... In some species there is a preponderance of males in smaller animals indicating that either males develop sexually before females or that some animals develop as males first and then change to females as they become larger. In some species, e.g. the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, the animal ma ...
Reproduction of Living Organisms
... Fertilisation must take place in a moist environment. Why? 1. Male and female gametes are very fragile and will die if they dry out. 2. Moisture will keep the egg membrane more soft which will allow the ...
... Fertilisation must take place in a moist environment. Why? 1. Male and female gametes are very fragile and will die if they dry out. 2. Moisture will keep the egg membrane more soft which will allow the ...
Genetics - TeacherWeb
... – Weight distribution (i.e. location and size of fat reserves) is partially heritable so two people of exactly the same size and weight might have different fat stores i.e. one has a larger gut, the other has larger thighs in part based on their genes. Obviously weight can also be influenced by the ...
... – Weight distribution (i.e. location and size of fat reserves) is partially heritable so two people of exactly the same size and weight might have different fat stores i.e. one has a larger gut, the other has larger thighs in part based on their genes. Obviously weight can also be influenced by the ...
Molecular evolution and substitution patterns.
... It is a quantitative information, based on the chosen metric, and it is independent from assumptions about the cause of the similarity itself ...
... It is a quantitative information, based on the chosen metric, and it is independent from assumptions about the cause of the similarity itself ...
Genetic consequences of tropical second
... Reproductive dominance may be especially common in early successional forests. We do not know why two trees in our study show such extreme reproductive dominance. Even in this best-case scenario of forest regeneration, where numerous and diverse seed sources remain in a protected, adjacent, old-gro ...
... Reproductive dominance may be especially common in early successional forests. We do not know why two trees in our study show such extreme reproductive dominance. Even in this best-case scenario of forest regeneration, where numerous and diverse seed sources remain in a protected, adjacent, old-gro ...
Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction
... do not live under ideal conditions. If they did, the entire surface of the planet would soon be covered with them. Another advantage of asexual reproduction is that the organisms of a species will carry on the same traits as the parents, so the species is all similar. This can also be a disadvantage ...
... do not live under ideal conditions. If they did, the entire surface of the planet would soon be covered with them. Another advantage of asexual reproduction is that the organisms of a species will carry on the same traits as the parents, so the species is all similar. This can also be a disadvantage ...
Study Material
... He concluded that this species is diploid for two different genes that control hull color ...
... He concluded that this species is diploid for two different genes that control hull color ...
neutphylo
... 1. Rates of molecular evolution should vary in functional and nonfunctional regions 2. Rates of replacement (substitution of one fixed allele by another that reaches fixation) should be constant over geologic time. 3. Rates of morphological change should be independent of the rate of molecular chang ...
... 1. Rates of molecular evolution should vary in functional and nonfunctional regions 2. Rates of replacement (substitution of one fixed allele by another that reaches fixation) should be constant over geologic time. 3. Rates of morphological change should be independent of the rate of molecular chang ...
SEX, MATE SELECTION AND EVOLUTION
... Although there is little evidence for mate or gamete selection in species reproducing sexually, there is no evidence for the absence of it in any sexual species. Thus, sexual reproduction without previous mate or gamete selection may be rare. Indeed, even yeast have been suggested to have mate selec ...
... Although there is little evidence for mate or gamete selection in species reproducing sexually, there is no evidence for the absence of it in any sexual species. Thus, sexual reproduction without previous mate or gamete selection may be rare. Indeed, even yeast have been suggested to have mate selec ...
TYPES OF NATUR TYPES OF NATURAL SELECTION
... Examples: Evolution of horse is a good example of directional selection selection in which a small forest dwelling animal, Hyracotherium, had to undergo successive changes in its body when the environment changed from forest to grassland, giving rise to a ...
... Examples: Evolution of horse is a good example of directional selection selection in which a small forest dwelling animal, Hyracotherium, had to undergo successive changes in its body when the environment changed from forest to grassland, giving rise to a ...
Natural Selection and The Effects of Ecological
... acknowledged to evolve in an ongoing feedback between ecology and genetics. 1.1 Adaptation and Evolution ...
... acknowledged to evolve in an ongoing feedback between ecology and genetics. 1.1 Adaptation and Evolution ...
study of genetic diversity of bísaro pigs breed by pedigree analysis
... An ancestor may not be a founder animal, although it may share genes with other ancestors, and the expected contribution in the population pk may be redundant and add up to more than one. As a result, only the marginal contribution of the ancestor under investigation can be used to assess the contri ...
... An ancestor may not be a founder animal, although it may share genes with other ancestors, and the expected contribution in the population pk may be redundant and add up to more than one. As a result, only the marginal contribution of the ancestor under investigation can be used to assess the contri ...
U73_2013AbstractUrbanJ Abstract This honors thesis examines the
... This honors thesis examines the history, present applications and the current issues of biological taxonomy, the study of classifying, identifying and naming organisms. The history portion examines the development of taxonomy through the works of many naturalists and biologists. One biologist in par ...
... This honors thesis examines the history, present applications and the current issues of biological taxonomy, the study of classifying, identifying and naming organisms. The history portion examines the development of taxonomy through the works of many naturalists and biologists. One biologist in par ...
Gene Trees in Species Trees
... Probability of occurrence of gene trees given species trees – from coalescence theory Probability of occurrence of sequences given gene trees – from model of nucleotide evolution Searching ML tree – extremely tedious due to consideration of every species tree for all gene ...
... Probability of occurrence of gene trees given species trees – from coalescence theory Probability of occurrence of sequences given gene trees – from model of nucleotide evolution Searching ML tree – extremely tedious due to consideration of every species tree for all gene ...
Topic 12: Lophotrochozoans: Platyhelminthes, Annelids, and some
... 5. distinctive characteristics: ...
... 5. distinctive characteristics: ...
CH1 - mcdowellscience
... • Observation 2: Any population can potentially produce far more offspring than the environment can support. • This creates a struggle for existence among variant members of a population. • Darwin inferred that those individuals with traits best suited to the local environment will generally leave m ...
... • Observation 2: Any population can potentially produce far more offspring than the environment can support. • This creates a struggle for existence among variant members of a population. • Darwin inferred that those individuals with traits best suited to the local environment will generally leave m ...
Test Info Sheet
... While mutations have been identified in all 5 exons and intron 2 of EFNB1, the majority (52%) are located in exon 2. Another 20% of mutations have been found in exon 3. Mutation types include frameshift, nonsense, missense, and splice site. Additionally, heterozygous deletions of the EFNB1 have been ...
... While mutations have been identified in all 5 exons and intron 2 of EFNB1, the majority (52%) are located in exon 2. Another 20% of mutations have been found in exon 3. Mutation types include frameshift, nonsense, missense, and splice site. Additionally, heterozygous deletions of the EFNB1 have been ...
Exam 2 tutorial
... -high lactose low glucose *s* 6. Differentiate silent mutation, missense mutation, nonsense mutation (gene? Chromosome?) *s* 7. Differentiate gene mutation and chromosomal mutation*s* 8. Give examples on missense mutation, nonsense mutation *s* 9. What is dissimilar between somatic mutation and germ ...
... -high lactose low glucose *s* 6. Differentiate silent mutation, missense mutation, nonsense mutation (gene? Chromosome?) *s* 7. Differentiate gene mutation and chromosomal mutation*s* 8. Give examples on missense mutation, nonsense mutation *s* 9. What is dissimilar between somatic mutation and germ ...
Genome variation informatics: SNP discovery, demographic
... Redevelopment and expansion • Improve the detection of very rare alleles by taking into account recent results in Population Genetics (i.e. a priori, rare alleles are more frequent than common alleles) • Developing a rigorous statistical framework both for heterozygote polymorphisms and INDELs • Ca ...
... Redevelopment and expansion • Improve the detection of very rare alleles by taking into account recent results in Population Genetics (i.e. a priori, rare alleles are more frequent than common alleles) • Developing a rigorous statistical framework both for heterozygote polymorphisms and INDELs • Ca ...
measuring behavior – variation
... learning is usually a combination of classical & operant in classical, animals receive... measured stimulus, controlled by experimenter in operant, animals receive... stimulus determined by time to elicit behavior in both, animals learn... existence of stimuli temporal relationships ...
... learning is usually a combination of classical & operant in classical, animals receive... measured stimulus, controlled by experimenter in operant, animals receive... stimulus determined by time to elicit behavior in both, animals learn... existence of stimuli temporal relationships ...
Speciation - Bakersfield College
... • To understand how speciation can happen, and to see how to test it’s effects in experiments, it helps to understand what prevents speciation • This is a conceptual model that is assumed to work as a control – It provides a theoretical reference point against which observations can be evaluated Spe ...
... • To understand how speciation can happen, and to see how to test it’s effects in experiments, it helps to understand what prevents speciation • This is a conceptual model that is assumed to work as a control – It provides a theoretical reference point against which observations can be evaluated Spe ...
Session 5 Variation, Adaptation, and Natural Selection
... 1. With your partner, revisit the scenario you created in which a specific level of variation might become more common in a population. How does your scenario incorporate (if at all): • variation that is advantageous or disadvantageous • increased or decreased survival • increased or decreased repro ...
... 1. With your partner, revisit the scenario you created in which a specific level of variation might become more common in a population. How does your scenario incorporate (if at all): • variation that is advantageous or disadvantageous • increased or decreased survival • increased or decreased repro ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.